PUBLISHER’S INTRODUCTION

Alhamdulillah, thanks to the inayah Ilahi Rabbi, we were able to publish several books by Al-Ustadz Umar Achmad Baradja. Among them: :

– Moral Guidance for Your Son, volumes 1 – 4

– Moral Guidance for Your Daughter, volumes 1 – 3

– Guidance on Fiqh of Worship for Beginners and Intermediates, volumes 1 and 2.

In its original language (Arabic), it is used as learning material in Islamic boarding schools and diniyah madrasas throughout Indonesia. And since the 1950s, it has been made a compulsory book.

With the translation into Indonesian, it will certainly be more useful for students in public schools and the wider community. The book is also presented in Javanese, Madurese and Sundanese. Efforts like this aim to participate in educating the younger generation to be useful for religion, country and nation.

For the sake of the perfection of this book in future printings, we expect constructive suggestions from educators and scholars.

YPI. Al-USTADZ UMAR BARADJA

Surabaya, Rabi’ul Awal 1414 H August 1993 M

FOREWORD

Praise be to Allah, the Almighty, for making good manners the cause of happiness and enjoyment and calling people to them. He also made bad manners the cause of destruction and misery and forbade people from practicing them. Peace and blessings be upon the most excellent Prophet, Sayyidina Muhammad and his devoted and pious family and companions.

This is the fourth and final volume of Al-Akhlaq li al-Banin, (Moral Guidance for Your Sons), which we completed with the help of Allah, and He is the best of helpers.

In addition, we ask Allah, may He be glorified and exalted, to benefit the youth with this book and make it a guide for them towards good manners, in addition to benefiting them with the previous volumes, where they learned good manners.

Indeed, only Allah Ta’ala guides us and to Him we return. He is the One who is worthy of answering prayers.

Surabaya, Ramadan 1385 H.

Al-Ustadz Umar Bin Ahmad Baradja

THE INTRODUCTION OF THE WORDS OF IMAM AL-GHAZALI RA.

1. Morals are like a solid state of the soul, from which various actions arise easily without the use of thought and planning. When the actions that arise from the soul are good, then the situation is called “good morals”. If the opposite is the case, then the situation is called “bad morals”. If that state is not established in the soul, then it is not called morals.

2. Morals can be produced by practice and struggle in the beginning, until it finally becomes a character. For example, a person who wants to have beautiful writing, then he must first force himself to imitate beautiful writings, until the writing becomes his character. This is not unusual in human beings whom Allah has given reason and understanding. In fact, it is not strange with wild animals either, for they can change their behavior with training until they become tame. Have you not seen how dogs can be taught to hunt and guard?

3. However, moral education is hard for the student at first, then he can enjoy it at : finally. For example, a baby who is weaned from his mother’s breast, at first he cries hard and is thin and pale in complexion. He increasingly dislikes the food given to him in place of milk. However, if he is immediately stopped from drinking milk day after day, and then becomes more and more patient and hungry, then he is forced to eat food, then it becomes a disposition (habit). If he is told to go back to drinking mother’s milk, he will not want to. Subsequently, he shuns the breast and dislikes breast milk, but gets used to substitutes.

Similarly, an animal initially dislikes saddles and iron bridles and does not want to be ridden. But it is forced to do so by chains and ropes. It becomes tame, so that when left in its place, it stands up without being tied or chained.

To show that morals can be changed, it is stated in the hadith: “Verily, knowledge is gained by learning and wisdom is gained by often acting wisely. Whoever seeks good is given that good. And whoever avoids evil is protected from it.

Al-Imam Al-Bushiri (rahimahullah) said:

Lust is like a baby, if you leave it, it loves to suckle, and if you let it go, it stops.

One who can control his lust from defiance, is like a wild horse controlled with an iron in its mouth.

4. The parents of good manners are the four virtues: wisdom, justice, courage and nobility of character.

Wisdom is a truth with knowledge and charity, and it is the source of good manners.

Allah Ta’ala says: “And whoever is given al-Hikmah, then he too has been given much good.” (OS. Al-Baqarah: 269)

When Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated Allah’s words in Surah Luqman, verse 12: “And indeed we have given Luqman wisdom”, he said: “Al-Hikmah is reason, understanding and intelligence other than prophethood.”

Justice is the state of the soul and the power to control anger and desire and direct them wisely.

Courage is the submission of the power of anger to reason in acting and stopping.

The nobility of the mind is the education of the power of desire with the education of reason and shara’ (sharia or religious orders).

5. The praiseworthy character is the middle of the road between excess and deficiency. As Allah, the Almighty, says in praise of the Messenger and his companions: “Muhammad is the messenger of Allah and those who are with him are hard on the disbelievers, but merciful to one another.” (QS. Al-Fath: 29).

And Allah says in praise of His righteous servants: “And those who, when they spend, are neither extravagant nor miserly, and their spending is somewhere in between.” (AS. Al-Furqaan: 67). –

The hadith states: “The best of things is the middle.”

The poet said:

Exaggeration is wrong, the best thing is the middle.

Courage is a commendable attitude between stubbornness (bravery) and cowardice.

Generosity is between extravagance and miserliness. Humility is between humiliation and pride. Shyness is between weakness and rudeness. Friendliness is between reliability and rigidity. Graciousness is between greed and stinginess, and other morals.

6. Praiseworthy morals are the cause of happiness in this world and the hereafter. They elevate the possessor to the realm of the angels who are mugarrabin (those close to Allah), while bad morals are a murderous poison and bad deeds that keep away from the mercy of the Lord of the worlds.

It plunges its owner into the abyss of the expelled demons. Bad manners are a disease of the heart and soul. Moreover, it is a disease that takes away eternal life. Compare it to a disease that only takes away the life of the body. Moreover, doctors pay much attention to treating the body in order to preserve mortal life, so attention to treating diseases of the heart is more important, because it protects eternal life.

This kind of treatment is something that every reasonable person should learn, and it is the way of treatment of the Prophets. Peace and blessings be upon them. Allah Ta’ala has sent them to teach the ummah how to purify their hearts from despicable morals and adorn their souls with noble morals?

7. So, take this book and read it attentively and reflect on it. Force yourself to put its contents into practice. After that, continue with the big book, so that you can understand the essence of morals and become educated and happy in this world and religion. and Allah is the giver of guidance.

PART TWO: ABOUT MORALS

1. SHYNESS AND SHAMELESSNESS

1. Know, dear child, that shame is the basis of all virtues and the source of all manners. So, it is obligatory for a person to have a sense of shame from the time he grows up, so that he becomes accustomed to noble manners and good manners when he grows up. The hadith states: “Shyness is always good”. “Shame is part of faith”. Also “Shame is the practice of the whole religion”.

As for vile or unreliable deeds, they open the door to all low and despicable deeds. The Prophet said: “If you are not ashamed, then do as you please.” The poet said:

If you fear no future consequences and feel no shame, then do whatever you please

By Allah, there is no good in the life of this world if shame disappears.

Man lives in goodness, as long as he is ashamed as a trunk is preserved, as long as it has skin.

Sayyidina Abu Bakr ra. used to say the following couplet:

Indeed, it was as if I saw a shameless and dishonest person, naked in society.

2. Shyness is divided into three kinds:

First, towards Allah Ta’ala: Second, towards people, and Third, towards oneself.

Shame towards Allah Ta’ala: It is realized by obeying His commands and avoiding His prohibitions. The Prophet said: “Be ashamed of Allah Almighty with true shame.” Some say: “O Messenger of Allah, how can we be truly ashamed of Allah?” He replied:

“Whoever preserves the Head and what it contains (reason), the stomach and its contents (food), and abandons the adornment of the life of the world and remembers death and destruction, then he too has been ashamed of Allah, the Exalted.”

This shyness is the fruit of the strength of faith and belief. Hence, it is mentioned in the hadith: “Little shame is disbelief, while shame is the bond of faith. If the bond of a thing is loosened, it scatters and falls apart.”

Shyness towards people: This is realized when you keep your gaze away from what is not lawful from them. It says in the hadeeth: “Allah curses the one who looks and the one who tells him to look”.

A wise man was asked about the wicked, and he replied: “He (the wicked) is the one who does not keep his eyes away from the doors of people and their private parts”. You should display good manners towards them, not annoy them with bad manners, and not commit sinful acts or bad habits in their presence, nor speak inappropriate words near them, especially abominable words.

The Prophet said: “Shyness is a practice of faith, and faith is in Paradise. Vile speech is a form of moral turpitude, and moral turpitude is in Hell.”

You should present a good appearance in all matters and maintain a good image, so that nothing bad is said about you.

The hadith states: “Part of piety towards Allah is avoiding being reproached.”

This shame makes you have self-respect, righteousness, courage, generosity, wisdom and honesty. Thus, you have a noble spirit and good character. It prevents you from low deeds, cowardice, miserliness, lying, treachery and ignorance. Because you feel ashamed when people see you with these bad qualities.

Imam Shafi’i said: “By Allah, if I had known that drinking cold water would damage my dignity, I would not have drunk it in my life.”

Shame towards people includes: Respect for those who have merit and respect for those who are worthy of respect according to their status, such as your father, mother, and teachers, as well as those who are older or higher than you. This means being humble towards them.

In the Atsar (sayings of the Companions) it is stated: “Be humble to those who teach you.” “O Allah, do not let me find a time when the knowledgeable are not followed and those who do not feel ashamed of the wise.” “Verily, it is only the one who knows the virtue of the possessor of virtue.”

Shame on oneself: Do not do an act when you are alone, if you are ashamed of people knowing about it. A civilized man said: “Whoever does an action when alone (does not feel ashamed), while if he does it openly feels ashamed, then he does not respect himself.”

A wise man said: “You should be more ashamed of yourself than of others.”

The poet said:

My hidden deeds are like being exposed, and this is my disposition,

The darkness of my night is like the light of my day.

This shyness shows the good in your heart and is a knowledge of your status. When these three kinds of shyness are present in you, the things that lead to goodness will be complete and the things that lead to badness will disappear from you. In addition, you will gain the pleasure of Allah and be loved by many people.

3. Do not have the despicable shame that prevents you from doing good, defending the truth, speaking the truth, and denouncing evil. Do not let that shame make you a despicable and fearful person, ashamed and cowardly. A person who has this kind of shyness does not get any good. As Sayyidina ‘Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: “Fear leads to failure and (unnatural) shyness leads to no good.”

2. THE SUPREME EXAMPLE IN MATTERS OF SHAME

1. The Prophet was a very shy person. He did not fix his gaze on anyone’s face and did not speak to anyone with words that he did not like. A man came to him wearing yellow color in his hair, so he did not like it. But he did not say anything, until the man left.

Then he said to someone: “Suppose you tell that person to take off this yellow color.

That is because there is some resemblance to women. If the intention is not to resemble them, then the ruling is makrooh, and if the intention is to resemble women, then the ruling is haraam.

The Prophet was never seen sticking out his feet among his companions.

When he wanted to relieve himself, he did not lift his shirt until it was close to the ground. Once the Prophet passed by a man who was taking a bath. Then he said:

“O people, verily Allah is the Most Shy, the Most Merciful, the Most Covering, and loves shyness and covering up of evil. So, when any one of you takes a bath, let him hide himself from the sight of people.”

2. Sayyidah Aisha ra. was so shy and self-conscious that she said: “I entered the house where the Messenger of Allah was buried with my father, (may Allah be pleased with him) and took off my clothes. I said: “Verily those two men are my husband and father. When ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) was buried there, by Allah, I did not enter except to put my clothes on tightly, because I was ashamed of ‘Umar (may Allah be pleased with him).”

Pay attention! How shy she is of a stranger (who is not her mahram) even if he is in the grave.

3. It is narrated that Khuzaifah ibn al-Yaman (may Allah be pleased with him) came to the Jumu’ah prayer and found that the people had dispersed. So, he moved away from the road and said: “There is no good in the one who is not ashamed of the people.”

4. A group of people called a friend of theirs to play at his majlis, but he declined the invitation and wrote to them: “Last night I turned 40, and I feel ashamed of my age.”

5. A wise man came to a man. He saw a tall house with many tapestries spread out. But it seemed that the owner was devoid of virtue. So the man spat in his face. The owner of the house said to him: “What is the meaning of this foolishness, O wise man?” The wise man said: “This is wisdom. Indeed, the spittle was thrown into the most despicable place in this house and I have not seen in it anyone more despicable than you.”

3. THE ATTRIBUTES OF AL-‘IFFAH AND AL-QANA’AH AND THEIR OPPOSITES

1. Al-‘Iffah (straightforwardness of mind) and Al-Qana’ah (contentment with what is) are good manners and praiseworthy traits. Al-‘Iffah means: A person prevents himself from committing prohibited acts and avoids bad habits until he keeps his hands clean: That is, he does not steal, does not take someone’s right without his permission, does not disturb any creature with his hand and does not write something that is not worthy of his glory and does not cheat. The hadith states: “The Messenger of Allah passed by a pile of food and put his hand into it. Apparently, his hand touched a wet item. So he said: O owner of the food, what is this? The man replied: “This food has been exposed to rainwater, O Messenger of Allah.” He said: ‘Why did you not put it on top of the food so that people could see it? Whoever deceives us is not one of us.”

2. A man should keep his feet and not walk towards disobedience or to annoy someone. To guard his tongue, i.e. not to speak inappropriate words. Preserving his hearing, meaning that he should not listen to forbidden words. Preserving his eyesight, meaning that he should not look at something that is not lawful for him or should not be seen.

Allah Ta’ala says: “Verily, hearing, sight and heart, all of them will be held accountable …” (QS. Al-Isra’: 36)

The hadith states: “That a man snooped into the Prophet’s house. He was carrying a tool to scratch his head. When the Prophet saw him, he said: ‘If I had known that you were looking at me, I would have poked you in the eye. Indeed, asking for permission is required in order to keep one’s eyes open’.”

In another hadith: “Whoever peeps into the house of a people without their permission, and they cut out his eye, there is no qishas or ransom for his eye.”

Man should take care of his desires. He should not indulge in lust and not make his desires only for pleasures, but should accept what is available and not insist on what is not available. He should not live in extravagance and luxury, nor should he ask for anything from anyone. The Prophet said.

“Do not ask people for things. The hand above is better than the hand below. Fortunate is the one who surrenders and is satisfied by Allah with what He gives him.

Whoever takes care of himself, Allah will take care of him. Whoever is not in need of others, Allah will provide for him. Whoever suffers a deficiency and then inflicts it on others will not have his deficiency fulfilled.

And whoever relies on Allah to overcome his shortcomings, Allah will provide him with sustenance sooner or later.”

3 Al-‘lffah is also when people do not fix their eyes on food, drink, people’s clothes or anything else. If you see someone eating, do not approach him with the intention of being fed. If you hear of a wedding banquet, do not attend it if you have not been invited to it. Do not be an uninvited guest, low in spirit and disliked by everyone.

One should not interfere in matters that do not concern him, in order to follow the Prophet’s words: “One of the good things about practicing Islam is that a person leaves things that do not concern him.” So, do not ask people about their secrets and do not answer questions that are not addressed to them. If you meet a group of people who are talking about matters that are specific to them, do not join them and do not listen to their conversation, so as not to be inquisitive or prying, which would be disliked by everyone. Allah says: “…. and do not find fault with others ….” (AS. Al-Hujurat:12).

The hadith states: “Do not spy. Whoever listens to the speech of a people and does not like it will have molten lead poured into his ears on the Day of Judgment.”

4. Al-‘lffah and the most important of these is that the private parts and the stomach are protected from things that are haraam. For example, adultery, liwath (homosexuality), eating riba’ or eating the wealth of orphans.

Allah Ta’ala says: “Verily, those who devour orphans’ wealth unjustly, they have swallowed fire in their bellies, and they will enter a blazing fire (hell).” (AS. AnNisa’:10).

The hadith states: “The purity that Allah Ta’ala likes best is the purity of the private parts and the stomach.”

The cause of falling into sexual immorality is the gaze. So, you should guard your eyes and not let them constantly look at things “that arouse haraam desires (appetites)”.

Allah Ta’ala says: “Say to the believing men: ‘Let them restrain their gaze and keep their private parts …'” (QS. An. Nur: 30).

“He knows the treacherous eye and what is hidden in the heart.” (QS. Al. Mukmin:19).

In a Qudsi hadith: “The (forbidden) gaze is one of the poisonous arrows of Satan. Whoever abandons it out of fear of Me, then I replace it with faith that feels pleasure in his heart.”

In a Prophetic hadith: “Women are the devil’s traps. I will not leave after my death a fitnah more harmful to men than women.”

So, be aware of this advice and put it into practice, so that you will be saved from the punishment of this world and the Hereafter. This is especially true in this age, when there are many evil deeds and people take them for granted.

The Prophet said: “No adulterer commits adultery if he is a believer, no thief steals if he is a believer, and no drinker of alcohol drinks if he is a believer.”

“The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) cursed the eater of usury, the one who eats it, and the writer and witnesses.”

The hadith also states: “Cursed is the one who does the deeds of the people of Luth (homosexuals).”

5. Verily, Qana’ah is glory, honor and tranquility, while covetousness is disgrace, distress and corruption.

The Prophet said: “The glory of a believer is when he does not rely on other humans.

The Prophet further said: “Covetousness removes wisdom from the hearts of the scholars.”

A man came to the Prophet and said: “Give me a will.” The Prophet said: “Do not covet the property of others and do not be greedy, for greed is real poverty.”

Sayyidina Ali Karamallahu Wajha said: “Do not rely on the one you want, you will be equal to him. Be needy of whom you will, you will be his prisoner. Do good to whomever you wish, and you will be his master. A free man can become a slave if he is greedy, and a slave can become free if he accepts what he is.”

Allah Ta’ala has praised those who take care of themselves in His words: “…. The ignorant mistake them for the rich, because they refrain from begging …” (al-Baqarah:273).

6. The origin of Qana’ah is frugality. It is mentioned in the hadith: “One who is frugal does not become poor.”

Furthermore, it is mentioned again in the hadith: “Whoever is frugal, Allah will make him rich. And whoever is wasteful, Allah will make him poor.”

Trust in Allah’s destiny and soothe your heart with Allah’s inexhaustible treasures. Allah says: “… and whoever fears Allah, He will make for him a way out and provide for him from where he does not expect.” (AS. At-Thalaq:2-3).

If you are in a tight situation, then wait for help from Allah Ta’ala.

Sayyidina Ali Karramaliahu Wajha said:

Do not show mankind anything but good.

Calamity will befall you or friends will stay away from you.

If today’s sustenance becomes tight, wait until tomorrow.

May the calamities of the world disappear from you.

Ath-Thaghrai said:

I soothe my soul with the hope I look forward to

How narrow life would be if it were not for a straight hope.

Abu Firas Al-Hamdani said about qana’ah:

Verily, the rich are those who are rich in soul.

If you have qana’ah, then everything will be enough.

Another poet said:

Qana’ah brings me every glory

Which wealth is more noble than qana’ah?

Make it your capital and make piety afterward as merchandise.

7. Among the things that can help to protect oneself from other people’s property, is to seek wealth from various legitimate means. For example, trading, farming or industry.

The hadith states: “It is better for one of you to take his rope, then go to the mountain and get wood and carry it, then sell it, until Allah protects his face from begging people, whether they give or refuse him.”

It can preserve honor and glory” and bring wealth that helps in various worldly and religious affairs and keeps away the dangers of unemployment and emptiness.

The poet said:

Indeed, youth, unemployment and wealth cause great harm to people.

4. TANGIBLE EVIDENCE FOR THE ONE WHO GIVES ADVICE

1. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) received a guest from a disbelieving man, and he ordered the milking of a goat, and the guest drank the milk. Then he ordered the milking of another goat and the man drank it, until he drank milk from seven goats. Then in the morning he converted to Islam. So, the Prophet ordered to milk a goat, and the man drank its milk. Then he ordered the milking of another goat, but the man did not finish it. So, the Messenger of Allah said: “The believer drinks from one intestine, while the disbeliever drinks from seven intestines.” (H.R. Muslim).

2. It is narrated that Sayyidina Umar ibn Abdul Aziz saw his son on the day of Eid wearing a worn-out shirt, so he cried. Then his son asked: “Why are you crying?” He said: “My son, I fear for your heart on the day of Eid, when the children see you in these worn-out clothes.” So the son said:

“Verily, it is only the heart of one who does not gain the pleasure of Allah or disobeys his mother and father that is sad. Indeed I hope that Allah will be pleased with me because of your pleasure.” So Sayyidina Umar wept and embraced and prayed for him.

3. Abdullah ibn Dinar said: “I went out with ‘Umar ibn Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) to Makkah. Then we rested on a road. Then there came to him a shepherd from the mountain.” Umar said to him: “O shepherd, sell me one of these goats.” The shepherd replied: “I am a slave.” Umar said: “Tell your master that a wolf has eaten it.” The shepherd said: “If so, where is Allah?” So Umar wept.

Then Umar went to his master, bought the slave and freed him. Umar said: “This word has set you free in this world and I hope it will set you free in the hereafter.”

4. The hadith states: “A man bought a garden from someone. Then he found a pot of gold in the garden. So the buyer of the garden said: “Take your gold from me. I only bought the land from you and not the gold”. The landowner said: “I sold you the land and its contents”. Then the two men complained to a man. The man said: Do you (both) have children?

One of them said: “I have a son”. The other said: ‘I have a daughter.’ The man said: ‘Marry the boy to this girl and spend on them from the gold and give in charity’.” (H.R. Bukhari).

5. It is said that a man caught a bird. Then the bird said: “What do you want to do with me?” The man replied: “I will slaughter and eat you.” The bird said: “By Allah, I cannot satisfy desire and satiate hunger.

But I teach you three things that are better for you than eating me. First, when I am in your hand. Second, when I am on a tree. Third, when I am on a mountain.” The man said: “Teach me the first.” The bird said: “Do not regret something that has escaped you.” So the man let it go. When the bird was on a tree, the man said: “Teach the second”. The bird said: “Do not believe in something that does not happen”. Then the bird flew up the mountain. Then the bird said: “O miserable man, if you had slaughtered me, you would have taken out of the cavity of my body two pearls and the weight of each pearl is 20 mithqals”. The man bit his lips and regretted, saying: “Teach the third.”

The bird said: “You have forgotten two things, so how can I tell you the third? Did I not say, do not regret what has escaped you and do not believe what has not happened? My flesh, blood, and feathers do not all weigh 20 mithqals, so how can there be two pearls in my body cavity, each weighing 20 mithqals?” Then the bird flew away and vanished.

The point of the above story is to prohibit greed and avarice.

5. HONESTY AND BETRAYAL

1. Honesty is a great virtue and we are commanded by Allah to practice it.

Allah says: “Verily, Allah enjoins you to deliver the trust to those who are entitled to it….” (QS. An-Nisa’:58). .

Allah makes the responsibility of a trust very heavy, therefore, Allah Almighty says: “Verily, We have offered a trust to the heavens, the earth and the mountains, but all of them were reluctant to take up the trust and they feared that they would betray it, and the trust was taken up by man. Indeed, man is very unjust and foolish.” (QS. Al-Ahzab:72).

2. The meaning of trust is: When a person keeps the commandments of his Lord. In addition, he performs various obligations, such as prayer, fasting and Hajj, as Allah has commanded him to do. Man should avoid committing sins and disobedience. So, he should not disobey any of its members, because it is a trust for him, and Allah has forbidden him to disobey.

He must fulfill the rights of the servants. So, he should not steal, cheat, betray the trust, deny the religion and be careless in fulfilling his obligations towards the actions required of him and other prohibitions.

The hadith explains: “Prayer, ablution, weights and measures are trusts.” And other things he mentioned, while the heaviest is a trust.

In another hadith it is explained: “Each one of you is a leader, and each one of you is responsible for the one he leads. The Imam is the leader, and he is responsible for his leadership. A man is the leader in his family, and he is responsible for what he leads. The woman is the leader in her husband’s house, and she is responsible for what she leads. The servant is the leader over his master’s property, and he is responsible for what he leads.”

3. Including the mandate is: When you keep the right of some gathering. So, do not reveal its secrets. Many quarrels and disconnections have been caused by revealing secrets.

The hadith states: “If a person speaks to another person about something, then he turns his head, it is a trust. Unless it is an assembly of sinners, then there is no honor for him.” In another hadith: “All gatherings are trustworthy, except for three gatherings: shedding unlawful blood, unlawful sexual intercourse and taking unlawful property.”

4. Trust is proof of faith and love for Allah, while its opposite is betrayal.

Allah says: “Verily, Allah does not like those who betray. ” (QS. Al Anfal: 58).

“.. Verily, Allah does not like those who are always treacherous and indulge in sin.” (QS. An-Nisa’:107).

“O you who have believed, do not betray Allah and the Messenger (Muhammad) and do not betray the trusts entrusted to you while you know.” (QS. Al-Anfal: 27).

Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that he said: “The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) did not preach to us but said: “There is no faith for the one who does not fulfill a trust and there is no religion for the one who does not fulfill a promise.”

In another hadith it is stated: “The tent of a hypocrite is threefold: when he speaks, he lies, when he promises, he reneges, and when he is entrusted, he betrays.”

“Therefore, the Prophet has sought protection from treachery. The Prophet said: “O Allah, I seek refuge with You from hunger, for it is the worst of bedfellows. And I seek refuge with You from treachery, for it is the worst of satiety.”

In another hadith: “When Allah gathers the former and the latter on the Day of Judgment, every traitor will be given a flag to recognize him. Then it will be said: This is so-and-so’s treachery.”

6. THE STORY OF AN HONEST MAN

The Prophet told the story of a man from the Children of Israel who asked to be lent 1000 dinars by another man from the Children of Israel. The man said: “Give me witnesses, that they may witness it.” The man said: “Sufficient is Allah as witness.” The owner of the money said: “Give me a guarantor.” The man said: “Allah is sufficient as a guarantor.” The owner of the money said: “You are right”. Then he handed over the money to him until a certain time, then the borrower set sail and finished his business. After that, he looked for a ship to ride to the owner of the money, in order to repay the debt within the specified time.

However, he couldn’t find a boat. So, he took a piece of wood and cut a hole in it, then put in 1000 dinars and a letter to his friend. Then he positioned it and carried it out to sea, saying: :

“O Allah, surely You know that I borrowed 1000 dinars from so-and-so, therefore, I ask for a guarantor. So I said: “Sufficient is Allah as guarantor. He agreed with You. He asked me for a witness, so I said: “Allah is sufficient as a witness.” So he agreed with You. I had tried to get a ship to send his money. However, I was not able to. Now I entrust the money to You.” Then he threw it into the sea until it floated on top of him. Then the man left, while he looked for a ship to sail to his country.

The person who lent the money went out to the seaside to see if a ship might come with the money. Suddenly, there came a piece of wood with money in it. So, he took it as firewood for his family. When he sawed through it, he found money and a letter.

Not long after, someone came to borrow money from him. He brought 1000 dinars. The man said: “By Allah, I kept trying to find a ship to bring you the money. But I didn’t find a ship before the time of my departure here.” The owner of the money said: “Have you sent anything to me?” The money lender said: “Let me tell you that I did not find a ship before the time of my departure.” The owner of the money said: “Allah has delivered your money that you sent in a piece of wood. Go with the 1000 dinars properly.” (H.R. Bukhari).

7 DO RIGHT AND LIE

1. Doing the right thing is the basis of morality and the cornerstone of manners and the source of happiness in this world and the Hereafter.

There are many kinds of right action. The most famous and prominent is the telling of the truth, whether by speech, writing or gesture, for example, shaking the head and gesturing with the hands and doing so in silence.

If you see a student committing an act that deserves punishment, and the teacher punishes another child unintentionally, while you are silent, then that is lying. Speaking the truth is when you tell the teacher who deserves to be punished.

These include: being right in one’s intentions and desires, being right in one’s resolve and intentions, being right in one’s actions, and various religious matters.

Being true in intention is: When you have no motive in your movement and silence except Allah, and not according to your lusts. This is the meaning of ikhlas, and its opposite is riya’.

Being righteous in your resolve is: When you have the right will to do various good deeds and have no inclination or hesitation, for example, you are determined to use your knowledge to others, if Allah grants knowledge. ‘

The poet said:

When you have an opinion, be determined, for a bad opinion is when you are indecisive.

To do right in carrying out one’s intention is: When you resolve to do something, then carry it out and do not back down from it. For example, you say: “If Allah grants me wealth, I will give it in charity.” So do not back out of giving charity when you get wealth.

Being righteous in action, he:ah: When you do not show actions that are different from your heart. For example, showing khushu’ when praying, while your heart is inattentive, and walking in a calm and dignified manner, while your heart is not of that nature. So, try to make your heart like your heart, or more than your heart.

The hadith states: “O Allah, make my inner self better than my outer self and make my outer self a good thing.”

Being righteous in various religious practices, for example, being righteous in the belief in Allah, being cautious of the lowest form of shirk, being righteous in the fear of Allah’s punishment and the hope of His reward, is what is recommended.

Also, be righteous in your love and pleasure and put your trust in Him in all your affairs.

2. Religion has commanded us to be truthful in all our words and circumstances, even if it may cause us harm, for example, Allah says: “O you who believe, fear Allah and be with the truthful.” (QS. At-Taubah:119).

The hadith explains: “Strive to do right, even if you see that there is destruction in it, for in its essence there is salvation. Abstain from lying, even if you see that there is salvation in it, for in its essence there is destruction.”

Religion strictly forbids us to lie. Allah says: “Those who invent lies are only those who do not believe in the verses of Allah, and they are the liars.” (QS. An-Nahl: 105).

Another verse states: “…. that the curse of Allah may be upon the liars.” (QS. Ali. Imran:61). .

In the previous hadeeth it was explained that this is one of the signs of a hypocrite.

In another hadith: “Speak the truth, for truth leads to virtue, and virtue leads to Paradise. There was a man who always spoke the truth and tried to do the right thing until he was written with Allah as Shiddiq (truthful). Do not lie, for lying leads to dishonesty, and dishonesty leads to hell. If a servant always lies, he is written with Allah as a liar.”

3. How beautiful is right speech! And how happy is the man who speaks the truth. He lives happily and honorably and is trusted among the people. When he speaks, people confirm his words because they do not accuse him of lying. How terrible is lying, for it is the principal of every sin and the cause of every evil and the source of every misery and humiliation. A liar is more heinous than a thief, because a thief steals your wealth, while a liar steals your mind.

The poet said:

I am able to deal with a backbiter, but I am powerless against a liar.

Whoever lies in what he says, then I have little power over him.

How miserable is the man who lies in his words. He has lost people’s trust in him and is not worth anything to them.

They are reluctant to befriend him and distrust him about everything, even if he is right.

As the poet said:

You lie, and he who lies is equally liable; if he speaks the truth, he is not believed.

Another poet said:

If people are known to lie, ja will still be considered a liar by society, even if he speaks the truth.

If he speaks, his seatmates don’t pay attention and don’t hear him, even though he speaks.

If you make a mistake, then confess your mistake, even if your father or teacher is angry with you. Do not make false excuses for it.

May Allah reward the kindness of the poet who said:

Speak the truth, even if it burns you with the fire of threat.

Seek God’s pleasure, for it is the most foolish man who incurs God’s wrath and seeks the pleasure of His servants.

4. Lying is an evil disease. When people get used to it, it is difficult for them to give it up. As Yahya bin Khalid said: “We saw the drinker of alcohol quit, and the thief put an end to his deeds, and the perpetrator of abominable deeds repent, but we did not see the liar turn into a righteous man.”

The poet said:

Make it a habit to speak the truth, and you will be righteous.

Verily, the tongue is accustomed to what you are accustomed to.

He is in charge of what you make of good and evil, so see how you get used to it.

Therefore, be careful not to lie easily in your conversations or jokes.

The Prophet said: “I am the guarantor of a house in the middle of Paradise for the one who abandons lying, even if he is joking.”

And do not lie, even to a child. The hadith states: “Whoever says to a child: ‘Come here, take this,’ and then he does not give it to him, it is a lie.” This is the teaching of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) for everyone who takes care of the education of children, so that they grow up on the truth from their childhood and do not consider lying to be a minor sin.

Allah Ta’ala says: “…. and you consider it a light matter. Yet it is great in the sight of Allah.” (QS. An-Nur:15)

5. Also included in lying are cheating and breaking promises, false testimony, lying about lineage, lying about dreams, lying in oaths and prejudice.

The Prophet said: “Shall I tell you about the greatest sin?” (repeated three times). We replied: “Of course.” He said: “Fellowshiping Allah, disobedience to one’s mother and father and killing the soul.” At first he reclined, then sat down and said: “Know it, and false speech: know it, and false testimony.” He kept repeating this until we said: “May he be silent.” He said again:

“Indeed, one of the greatest lies is when a person claims to be the son of someone other than his father, claims to have seen something that he did not see, or claims to have said something that I did not say.”

Lying against the Messenger is the greatest kind of lie. As explained in the hadith: “Indeed, lying against me is not like lying against a person. So, whoever lies against me intentionally, let him take his place in hell.”

Regarding the prohibition of prejudice and swearing falsely, it is said in the hadith: “Do not be prejudiced, for prejudice is the most false speech. Whoever takes away the right of a Muslim with his oath, Allah has made Hell for him and forbidden Paradise for him.”

Then a man said to him: “Even a little, O Messenger of Allah?” He replied: “Even a stick of arok.”

6. Righteousness causes happiness and good fortune in the world, so look at doctors, merchants and artisans, when they act righteously in their work, how people love and trust them!

They also benefit greatly. The opposite of that is lying. As mentioned in the hadith: “Lying reduces sustenance.”

Righteousness also leads to great rewards and everlasting enjoyment in the Hereafter. As mentioned in the Qur’an: “Allah says: This is a day of benefit for those who are true to their truth. For them is Paradise, underneath which rivers flow, and they will remain therein for ever and ever: Allah is pleased with them and they are pleased with Him. That is the greatest of fortunes’.” (QS. Al-Maidah:119).

8. SOME STORIES OF PEOPLE WHO TOLD THE TRUTH AND LIES

1. Kaab bin Malik al-Anshari (may Allah be pleased with him) was delayed from joining the Battle of Tabuk, even though he was determined to go, but he delayed and deferred until he lost his opportunity, then news reached him that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) had returned from Tabuk. So, he was very sad and intended to make a false excuse for his delay. But he fought his lust. So, he resolved to tell the truth and told him frankly that he did not have the slightest excuse for his delay in joining the battle. So the Prophet forgave him and the verse about his repentance was revealed in the Qur’an. The Prophet forgave him and the verse about his repentance was revealed in Al-Our’an. It was due to his truthfulness that he remained in a state of truthfulness and never deliberately lied, His story is long and has been mentioned in the books of history.

2: It is mentioned in the hadith that Tsa’labah ibn Hathib said: “O Messenger of Allah, pray to Allah that He grant me wealth.” So the Prophet said:

“O Tsa’labah, a little wealth for which you are grateful is better than a lot of wealth for which you are unable to be grateful.”

Tsa’labah pleaded with him again and said: “By Allah who sent you with the truth, if He had granted me wealth, I would have given everyone his due.” Then the Messenger of Allah prayed for him. Then he raised goats. His goats multiplied rapidly like worms, until the city of Medina was crowded with them. So, Tsa’labah lived in a valley and was cut off from the congregational and Friday prayers, so the Prophet asked about his situation. The Companions replied: “His wealth has become so much that it is not enough to be accommodated in a valley.” “The Messenger of Allah said: “Ah! Woe to Tsa’labah.”

Then, the Prophet sent two alms collectors to collect alms. Then the people welcomed him by giving their alms. The two men stopped at Tsa’labah’s house to ask him for alms and read to him a letter from the Messenger of Allah containing the obligations. So Tsa’labah said: “This is nothing but a tax. This is nothing but a kind of tax.”

Then he said: “Go home, until I decide my opinion.” When the two men left, the Prophet said to them, before they had spoken: “Ah! Woe to Tsa’labah” (he said it twice). Then the verse was revealed: “And among them was one who had pledged to Allah: “Surely if Allah bestows some of His bounty upon us, we shall surely give in charity and we shall surely be among the righteous.”‘

So, when Allah gave them some of His bounty, they were miserly with it and turned away, and they were indeed those who always turned away from (the truth).

So Allah caused hypocrisy in their hearts until the time they met Allah, because they had denied to Allah what they had pledged to Him and because they had always lied.” (QS. At-Taubah: 75-77).

Then Tsa’labah came with alms. But the Prophet said: “Verily Allah forbids me to accept charity from you.” Then Tsa’labah sprinkled earth over his head. The Messenger of Allah said: “This is what you have done. I ordered you, but you disobeyed me.”

When the Prophet died, Tsa’labah brought alms to Abu Bakr, but he did not accept it. Then he brought it to Umar ra. when he became Caliph, he also did not accept it. Finally, Tsa’labah died during the reign of Uthman ra.

3. Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that his uncle Anas bin Nadhr (may Allah be pleased with him) did not participate in the battle of Badr with the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him). So he regretted it in his heart.

He said: “It was the first war that the Messenger of Allah attended, in which I was not present. By Allah, if Allah shows me a battle with the Messenger of Allah, then Allah will see what I do.”

He said: Then he joined the battle of Uhud the following year. Saad bin Muadz greeted him and asked: “O Abu Amr, where are you going?” Anas replied: “How sweet the smell of Paradise is. I felt its odor near Mount Uhud.” Then he fought until he was killed.

Then more than eighty wounds were found on his body: among them arrows, beatings and sword stabs.

His sister, the daughter of An-Nadhr, said: “I do not recognize my brother but by his finger.” Then the following verse was revealed: “… there are those who keep what they have pledged to Allah …” (Al-Ahzab: 23)

4. Tsauban (ra) was a former slave of the Messenger of Allah (saw) who loved him very much and was anxious when he did not see him. One day, Tsauban came to see him, and his face had changed. He looked sad. So the Prophet asked him: “Why has the color of your face changed?” Tsauban replied: “O Messenger of Allah, I am neither sick nor suffering, but when I do not see you, I feel very lonely until I meet you.

Besides, I thought of the Hereafter, and I was afraid that I would not see you in the future, because you were elevated with the Prophets. If I enter Paradise, then my status is lower than yours. If I do not enter Paradise, then I will not see you at all. So the words of Allah Ta’ala were revealed:

“Whoever obeys Allah and His Messenger, they will be with those on whom Allah has bestowed favor, namely: The prophets, the shiddeeqeen, the martyrs and the righteous. And they are the best of friends.” (AS. AnNisa”: 69)

5. It is mentioned in the hadith that the Prophet passed by a pile of food. Then he put his hand into it. Apparently, his fingers touched a wet item. So he said: “O owner of the food, what is this?” He replied: “It is rainwater, O Messenger of Allah.”

He said: “Why don’t you put it on top of the food, so that people can see it? Whoever cheats us is not one of us.”

8. It is said that Al-Hajjaj preached a long sermon Ie. bar. Suddenly, a man stood up and said: “Remember prayer, for time does not wait for you and God gives you no excuse.” So Hajjaj ordered him to intercede. Then his people came to him. They thought he was mad. They asked to let him go. So Al-Hajjaj said: “If he claims to be mad, I will let him go.” Then it was said to him. The man said: “May Allah protect. I am not sure that Allah is afflicting me with trials, while He has granted me health.” The news reached Al-Hajjaj. So he forgave him because of its truthfulness.”

7. It is said that a man had a cow which he milked. Then he mixed it with water and sold it. As the cow was standing eating grass, suddenly a flood came and drowned it. So the man was very sad for the loss of his cow. Then his children said to him: “O our father, do not grieve, for the water that we mixed with her milk has gathered and drowned her.” So the man realized that deception results in destruction and loss.

9. PATIENCE AND RESTLESSNESS

Indeed, patience is one of the best of manners, and it is a good guidance from Allah for His believing servants, and it is one of the signs that indicate their happiness. .

Patience is divided into three types: in doing acts of obedience: in abstaining from disobedience: and in facing calamities.

The first type: lalah is patient in obeying the commands of Allah Ta’ala. He is also patient in establishing prayer, whether he is healthy or sick, traveling or staying at home, and in all circumstances by performing all the conditions and pillars, and not being careless in performing the sunnahs.

Allah Ta’ala says: “And command your families to establish prayer and be pious in its performance …” (QS. Thaha: 132).

Being patient in perfecting wudhu. The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said: “Shall I show you something by which Allah expiates sins and elevates degrees?”

The Companions replied: “Of course, O Messenger of Allah.”

He said: “Complete ablution in unpleasant circumstances (winter) and increase the number of steps to the mosque and wait for prayer after prayer. That is the struggle. That is the struggle.”

Also be patient in giving zakat, fasting in the month of Ramadan, performing the Hajj to the House of Allah, studying and being devoted to parents and doing other commandments.

Allah Ta’ala says: “… Indeed, only those who are righteous will have their reward increased without limit.” (QS. Az-Zumar: 10).

“… and be patient all of you, surely Allah is with those who are patient.” (QS. Al-Anfal: 46). “

The Prophet said: “Paradise is surrounded by unpleasant things, while Hellfire is surrounded by pleasant things.”

The second kind: Patience to forsake sin. This is the highest and most excellent kind of patience. This patience is exercised by abandoning forbidden things, for example, disobeying one’s parents, harassing people, eating their wealth, stealing, killing, drinking alcohol, committing adultery, looking at forbidden things and so on. Especially those immoral acts that are widespread and become a habit among people, for example, backbiting, slander, arrogance, grudges and spite.

It is necessary for man to be patient in order to abandon these deeds, because it is the hardest kind of patience and with it he earns the pleasure of Allah and is saved from His wrath and hatred.

Allah says: “Fortunate indeed are those who believe. (Those who observe khushu’ in their prayers, those who abstain from useless speech and action, those who pay zakaah, and those who guard their manhood, except with regard to their wives or the slaves they own, then they are blameless in this regard.

Whoever seeks what is beyond that, then they are the ones who go beyond the limits.

And those who keep their trusts and their promises, and those who keep their prayers.

Those are the ones who will inherit Paradise. They will remain in it forever.” (QS. Al-Mukminun: 1-11).

The third kind: Patience in the face of calamity by accepting Allah’s decree and His fate and avoiding complaining (anxiety), because it is a forbidden practice and takes away the reward. He should not complain to people when he is sick, loses something, is harassed, one of his family members or loved ones dies, his life becomes difficult, or he is unable to achieve a goal. However, he should leave his affairs to Allah who is the master of all affairs. He should complain to Allah, the Almighty, about the trials that have befallen him, as Allah, the Almighty, says in the story of Sayyidina Ya’gub (peace be upon him): “Indeed, it is only to Allah that I complain of my distress and grief . (QS. Yusuf: 86).

Also the words of Allah, the Almighty, about Sayyidina Ayub, peace be upon him: “And (remember the story of) Job, when he called out to his Lord: ‘(O my Lord), surely I have been afflicted with a disease and You are the Most Merciful of the Merciful’.” (QS. AlAnbiya’: 83).

He should face all calamities with patience and fortitude. By doing so, he will receive a great reward, and Allah will relieve him of his grief and deliver him to his goal in this world, or save for him an even greater reward in the Hereafter.

Allah Ta’ala says: “For surely after hardship there is ease. Indeed, after hardship there is ease.” (QS. Alam Nasyrah: 5-6).

Allah also says: “And indeed We shall try you with a little fear, hunger, want of wealth, souls and fruits. And give glad tidings to those who are patient.

(Those) who, when calamity strikes, say: Innaa lillaahi wa innaa ilaihi raaji’uun.'” They are the ones who receive complete blessings and mercy from their Lord, and they are the ones who are guided.” (QS. Al-Baqarah: 155-157).

In the hadith: “The Messenger of Allah was asked: “Which man has the hardest trial?” He replied: “The Prophets. Then the best people (companions of the Prophet), then the chosen people (scholars).” :

People are tested according to the degree of their religion. So, whoever is strong in religion, the more severe will be his trial. And whoever’s religion is weak, the lighter the trial. There are those who are afflicted with trials until they walk on the earth without sin.”

In another hadith: “Waiting for freedom is worship.”

In another hadith: “Whoever tries to be patient, Allah makes him patient. No one gets a better and more extensive gift than patience.”

This includes patience in the face of minor calamities. As mentioned in the hadith, when the Prophet’s lamp went out. Then he said: Innaa lillaahi wa innaa ilaihi raaji’uun. Then Aisha ra. said: “It is only a lamp!” So the Prophet said: “Anything that disturbs a believer is a calamity.”

It is recommended for believers. when experiencing calamity, to say: Innaa lillaahi wa innaa ilaihi raaji’uun. The hadith states: “Whoever says: Innaa lillaahi wa innaa ilaihi raaji’uun when facing a calamity, Allah will reward him for the calamity and reward him with something better.”

So, always practice patience in all circumstances, and you will achieve your noble goals and be saved from fear. Reflect on the following Noble hadith:

“There are three kinds of patience, namely: Patience in the face of calamity, patience in obedience, and patience in avoiding sin. So, whoever is patient in the face of calamity until he returns to Allah with the best of patience, Allah will set for him 300 degrees, while the distance between two degrees is like between heaven and earth.

Whoever is patient in obedience, Allah will assign him 600 degrees and the distance between two degrees is like the border of the earth and the end of the earth.

And whoever is patient in forsaking sin, then Allah sets for him 900 degrees, the distance between two degrees is like between the border of the earth to the top of the ‘Arsh, twice.”

The poet said:

Have a little patience and seek refuge in Allah.

Don’t rush, because failure is in haste.

Patience is like its name in Every disaster, but the result is sweeter than honey.

Another poet said:

And few are those who persevere in a matter in which they endeavor and make patience their friend, but they find success.

Another poet said:

Do not despair, even though the demand is long.

If you rely on patience you will see freedom.

The one who is patient will have his needs met and the one who always knocks at the door will enter.

It is narrated that a badawi (an Arab living in the desert) offered his condolences to the Companion Jbnu Abbas ra. on the death of his father.

Then he said:

Be patient, we will be patient with you.

The patience of the people is as good as the patience of the leader better than Abbas is your reward afterward and Allah is better than you, for Abbas.

Then Ibn Abbas said: “No one has offered me a better condolence than his.”

10. THE RESULT OF THOSE WHO ARE PATIENT

1. Allah has sent Prophets to their people and made them ulul ‘azmi, that is, steadfast and patient in the face of adversity. Foremost among them is our Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). How many times he was harassed, from the time he was first sent until his death. He was very patient because he obeyed the words of Allah: “So be steadfast, like those who have the steadfastness of the Messengers …,” (Al-Ahgaf: 35).

When the polytheists’ harassment of him increased, he said to his uncle Abu Talib:

By Allah, O Uncle, if they were to put the sun in my right hand and the moon in my left, that I should abandon even a little of the religion which I have brought from my Lord, I would not agree to it. until Allah reveals its truth or I perish in its defense.”

They put camel dung on his body while he was prostrating in front of the Ka’bah.

They strangled and wanted to kill him and expel him from his homeland (Makkah). They broke his teeth and cut his face so that it bled and dropped him in a pit during the Battle of Uhud.

They cursed and denied him, bewitched and poisoned him and other harsh and excessive harassment. They also harassed his family and companions. But he remained patient in the face of all that, until Allah won his religion and pleased him with the success of his task until he died.

2. Sayyidina Noah (peace be upon him) was patient in the face of his people’s harassment and stayed among them for 950 years. They beat him unconscious. Sayyidina Ibrahim (peace be upon him) was patient in the face of King Namrud’s fire and when told to slaughter his son, Sayyidina Ismail (peace be upon him), until Allah saved him from both trials. Sayyidina Ya’qub (peace be upon him) was patient in the loss of his son, Yusuf, until his eyes turned white from grief. Sayyidina Yusuf (peace be upon him) was patient when he was put into a well and prison and experienced various other trials. Sayyidina Musa (peace be upon him) was patient in facing the Children of Israel, Fir’aun and Qarun. Sayyidina Isa (as) was patient in the face of Jewish interference. The other Prophets were patient. Some of them were cut with saws, some had their scalps and faces peeled off, and some were burned with fire.

3. Among the stories of Sayyidina Ayub (as): That Allah gave him great wealth in the form of camels, various kinds of livestock and gardens. God gave him a wife and sons and daughters. Yet none of this distracted him from worshipping God and fulfilling his obligations.

He was a compassionate person who honored the poor and took care of orphans and widows.

Then Allah tested him with various ordeals on his body, family and wealth, so that it would be a lesson for him and others, in addition to letting them know that this world is a plant for the hereafter, while what is obligatory on man is to be patient in times of hardship and joy.

Sayyidina Ayub was afflicted with a disease in his body for 18 years and his house collapsed on his children and all of them died. His property was subjected to harassment until it perished. Then the devil instilled a sense of dread into him. But Allah protected him from evil and saved him from the satanic temptation. He faced it all with patience and surrender while facing pleasure with praise and gratitude.

So Allah Ta’ala praised him: “Indeed we found him (Ayub) a patient man. He is the best of servants. Indeed he was very obedient (to his Lord).” (AQ. Shaad: 44)

He prayed and sought refuge with his Lord in rejecting trials from Him. As Allah says:

“And (remember the story of) Job, when he called out to his Lord: ‘(Yes, my Lord), indeed I have been afflicted with a disease and You are the Most Merciful of all merciful.

So We answered his call, and We removed the sickness that was in him, and We restored his family to him, and We multiplied their number, as a mercy from Us, and as a warning to all who worship Allah.” (QS. Al-Anbiya’: 83-84).

Then Allah favored him by making Job young and healthy again and multiplying his family, children and possessions, so that he was better off than before.

4. Such was the patience of Sayyidina Dawud, Sulaiman, Yunus, Zakaria and Yahya. Their footsteps were followed by the saints and scholars. They too were patient and received many rewards. Some of them are mentioned in a hadith narrated by Bukhari and Muslim:

Verily, there was a man in ancient times who was tested: first, in loving his children, he was patient and survived disobeying his mothers and fathers. Secondly, in loving his uncle’s daughter, he was patient and survived committing adultery. Thirdly, when it comes to loving his wealth, he is steadfast in the truth and conveys the trust and is saved from betrayal. The text of the hadith is:

“There were three men from the community before you traveling, they entered and spent the night in a cave. Suddenly a large rock fell from the mountain and covered the cave against them. They said: ‘There is nothing to save you from this rock except that you pray by means of your righteous deeds.’ One of them said:

‘O Allah, I used to have a mother and a father who were advanced in years, and I did not give milk to anyone, neither family nor servant, before my parents.

One day, I was looking for trees for fodder in a distant place until I did not see my parents, until they were asleep. So, I milked them and found my parents sleeping. However, I was reluctant to wake them up and did not want to give them any family or servants. I remained silent while holding the glass in my hand. I waited for them to wake up until dawn, while my children screamed at my feet. When my parents woke up, they drank it.

O Allah, if I am doing that for the sake of Your pleasure, then free us from this stone.’ So, the stone was removed a little. However, they could not get out of the cave.

The second man said: ‘O Allah, I have an uncle’s daughter whom I love most. I desired her, but she refused my wishes until she experienced a drought. Then she came to me. I gave her 120 dinars on the condition that she would give herself to me. She agreed until I gained control of her. But the woman said: Fear Allah and do not take off the ring,’? except by right.”

Then I left him, even though he was the one I loved the most. I also left the gold that I had given him. :

O Allah, if I am doing this for the sake of Your pleasure, then relieve us of our hardship.” So the stone was moved a little, but they were not able to get out of the place.

The third man said: ‘O Allah, I hired people and paid them, except for one man who left his wages and went away. I also increased his wages until he became wealthy. After some time, he came to me. He said:

O servant of Allah, give me my former reward. I said: All that you see is from your wages, that is, camels, cows, goats and slaves.

The man said: O servant of Allah, do not mock me. Then I said: I do not mock you. The man then took all that he had. He took the whole property without leaving anything behind.

O Allah, if I am doing this for the sake of Your pleasure, then relieve us of our hardship.’ Then, the stone was removed and they went out walking.”

11. GRATITUDE AND DENYING FAVORS

1. Know that Allah, the Exalted, has bestowed upon you favors that are many and great, specific and general. Specific favors include faith, Islam, existence, reason, knowledge, sustenance, health, safety, food, drink, sleep and countless other favors.

Allah says: “And if you were to count the blessings of Allah, you would not be able to determine their number….” (QS. An-Nahi: 18).

“And whatever blessings you have, they are from Allah….” (QS. An-Nahl: 53).

As for the general favors, they are: Allah created the heavens and their contents: the sun, moon and stars for His servants to use. And the earth and its contents: the oceans, rivers, mountains, wind, animals and trees.

Allah says: “It is Allah Who has subjected the seas to you, that ships may sail on them by His permission, and that you may seek some of His bounty. That you may be grateful.

And He has subjected to you all that is in the heavens and all that is in the earth (as a mercy) from Him. Surely in such things are signs of Allah’s power for those who think.” (QS. Al-Jaatsiyah: 12-13).

2. Therefore, you should thank your Lord for these blessings. Allah says: “Therefore, remember Me, and I will remember you, and give thanks to Me, and do not deny My favors.” (QS: al-Baqarah: 152).

“… then seek your sustenance from Allah and worship Him and give thanks to Him. To Him alone will you be returned.” (QS. Al-Ankabut: 17).

If you are grateful to your Lord, then there is no doubt that Allah will reward you for your gratitude to Him.

Allah Almighty says: “… and Allah will reward those who give thanks.” (QS. Ali-lmran: 144).

In addition, Allah will increase His favors for you, as He says: “Indeed, if you are grateful, We will surely increase (favors) to you …” (QS. Ibrahim: 7).

If you do not thank Him, then He will be angry with you, as He said: “… and if you deny (My favors), then surely My punishment is very painful.” (QS. Ibrahim: 7).

Whoever is not grateful for the favors that Allah has bestowed upon him is allowing them to be lost. It says in the hadith: “Being grateful for a blessing makes one secure against losing it.”

The poet said:

If you are in pleasure, then maintain that pleasure because sin takes away pleasure.

Guard that pleasure by thanking God, because God is quick to punish.

3. Many people are absorbed in the favors of Allah, the Gracious, but they neglect to be grateful to Him.

Allah says: “And very few of My servants are grateful.” (QS. Saba’: 13).

There is no doubt that the benefits of gratitude will come back to you, for Allah needs from no one.

Allah Ta’ala says: “Whoever gives thanks (to Allah), then indeed he gives thanks for himself, and whoever does not give thanks, then indeed Allah is Most Rich, Most Praiseworthy.” (AlQS. Lukman: 12).

Among the Prophet’s supplications: “O Allah, make me a grateful person. Make me a patient person. Make me small in my sight and big in the sight of the people.”

In another hadith: “It is astonishing the state of the believer. Indeed, all his affairs are good and that is not the case for everyone, except for the believer. If he experiences pleasure, he is grateful. When he experiences pleasure, he is grateful, and that is good for him. If he experiences hardship, he is patient. If he experiences pleasure, he is thankful, and if he experiences hardship, he is patient, and that is good for him.”

4. Gratitude is: The turning of a servant’s gaze upon all the pleasures that Allah has given him into a reflection of what he was created for.

Gratitude is expressed with the heart, tongue and limbs. Expressing gratitude with the heart: When you always remember your Lord with a heart filled with love and adoration and describe the Seimuz of pleasure from Allah. Verbal expression of gratitude: When you remember Him with praises that show gratitude to Him. The best according to the hadith is to say:

“Praise be to Allah, the Lord of all worlds, with praise that is worthy of His pleasure and worthy of His addition.”

You should use your tongue to recite the Qur’an, hadith, the words of scholars and mention the name of Allah and send blessings on the Prophet (peace be upon him), in addition to speaking well.

Allah says: “There is no good in most of their whispers, except the whisper of one who enjoins (people) to give alms or to do good or to make peace among people….” (Sūrat An-Nisaa’: 114).

5. Expressing gratitude with the limbs: When you worship Him. You pray, give zakat for your wealth, fast, go on pilgrimage to the House of Allah and move your limbs for deeds that are pleasing to Allah SWT. You also walk with your two feet to study, pray and fulfill your needs and the needs of others, especially your parents and teachers.

You should avoid walking to sin, so that you do not deny the blessings of your feet. You should work with both hands in performing various tasks and specialize the right hand with clean work. It is mentioned in the hadith:

“The Prophet (peace be upon him) used his right hand for eating, drinking, ablution, dressing, taking and giving, and his left hand for other things.”

You should avoid harming anyone with your hands, whether by striking, stealing property, betraying a trust, or writing something that you should not speak about, for the pen is a tongue. As for how to be grateful for the blessing of the eyes, this is when you read the noble Qur’an and the honorable hadith and useful books with them.

In addition, to look out for the poor, the orphans and the disabled and to love and help them. You also pay attention to those who are ignorant and misguided, and teach and guide them to the path to salvation and happiness. With both eyes, you look at your good purposes and the wonders of Allah’s creation and you think of His greatness and power.

You should not use your eyes to look at forbidden things or aurat.

It is mentioned in the hadith: “Allah curses the one who looks and the one who is looked at (when forbidden).”

Or do not use it to investigate the disgrace of others and look upon them with contempt and ridicule.

The hadith explains: “Fortunate is the one who is preoccupied with his own disgrace to the extent that he does not concern himself with the disgrace of others.”

In another hadith: A person’s crime is sufficient if he insults his Muslim brother.”

Being grateful for the blessings of the two ears: When you use them to listen to good, for example, recitation of the Qur’an, advice and knowledge: and keep them from evil, for example, listening to gossip (gossip), namimah (complaining) and vile speech.

The hadith states: “Verily, the listener is an ally of the one who speaks gossip, and he is one of the gossipers.”

6. You should magnify Allah’s favors upon yourself by looking at those who are below you in worldly affairs, so that you will be grateful to your Lord, Allah, and not take His favors for granted. As for religious matters, then you should look at those who are above you, so that your activity in goodness increases and your desire for obedience becomes great. The Prophet said:

“Whoever in worldly affairs looks to those below him and in matters of religion looks to those above him, then Allah establishes him as a patient and grateful person. And whoever looks up to those above him in worldly matters and down to those below him in religious matters, Allah has not made him a patient and grateful person.”

The poet said:

Whoever wants a long life in religion and in the world to prosper,

Let him look to the righteous (pious) above him.

And look at the one who has less wealth than him.

If you see that someone has suffered a calamity in his religion, mind, body, or anything else, then it is mustahabb for you to prostrate to Allah for the salvation of that calamity.

It is also recommended to say it slowly, so that it is not heard: by the sufferer so that he does not feel sad about it: “Praise be to Allah, who saved me from the ordeal that befell you, and made me superior to many of the creatures He created. “

It is mentioned in the hadeeth: “Whoever says these words, then he will not be afflicted by this temptation during his lifetime.”

7. It is an expression of gratitude to Allah Ta’ala when you are grateful to those who do good to you, especially your parents and teachers.

The hadith explains: “The one who is most grateful to Allah is the one who is most grateful to people.”

In another hadith: “Whoever does good to you, then repay him. If you cannot repay him, then pray for him until you know that you have been grateful, for Allah loves the grateful.”

Another saying: “He does not thank Allah who does not thank people.”

As for the one who does not thank those who do him good, he is a despicable and evil person.

The poet said:

I taught him archery every day, when he got his aim right, he shot me.

How much I taught him to compose verse, After he became good at verse, he reviled me.

12. HIGH EXAMPLE OF PATIENCE

1. Sayyidah Aisha ra. said: The Prophet (peace be upon him) would pray at night until his feet were broken. So I asked him: “Why do you do this, waha, Messenger of Allah, when your previous and future sins have been forgiven?” He replied: “Should I not be a grateful servant?”

2. Al-Faqih Abu Ishaq: Muhammad ibn Oasim ibn Sha’ban Al-Qurtubi (may Allah have mercy on him) would not leave his house unless he took his mother’s foot and placed it on his cheek and said: “O Allah, You said in Your Book: “And humble yourselves to them both with great affection.”” (OS. Al-Isra’:24). Indeed I have humbled myself to her, so forgive me my sin, O Merciful Lord.”

3. It is said that an old man was carried by his son and nurtured and fed by him like a child. One day his son said to him: “O my father, I have repaid you and nurtured you as you nurtured me. We have done so together.” So his father said: “Not at all.” The son said: “How is that?” The father answered: “When I took you in, I hoped for your life and looked forward to your youth, whereas you now hope for my death.”

4. In the book of Tarikh Ibn Khallikan it is narrated that a man from the previous ummah was eating and in front of him was a roasted chicken. Then a beggar came to him, but he rejected him with empty hands. Yet the man was living in luxury. At some point, there was a dispute between him and his wife, and all his wealth was gone.

Then the beggar married his wife. While the second husband was eating roast chicken in front of her, a beggar came to him. Then the man said to his wife: “Give him the chicken.” So his wife gave him the roast chicken and looked at him. It turned out that he was her first husband. Then she told the story to her husband. The second husband said: “By Allah, I am the first poor man, whom she wasted. So Allah transferred his pleasure and his wife to me, because he was ungrateful.”

5. A man complained about his poverty to a wise sage and showed great sadness. The wise man asked: “Would you be happy if you were blinded in exchange for 10,000 dirhams?” The man replied: “No”. The wise man asked: “Would you be happy if you were mute in exchange for 10,000 dirhams”? The man replied: “No.” Then the wise man asked: “Would you be happy if your hands and feet were cut off in exchange for 20,000 dirhams?” The man replied: “No.” The wise man asked: “Would you be happy if you were insane in return for 10,000 dirhams?” The man replied: “No.” So the wise man said: “Wouldn’t you feel ashamed if you complained to your Lord, while He has 50,000 dirhams in your possession?”

.6. Ibn Sammak went in to see a caliph, carrying in his hand a jug of water from which he drank. The caliph said to him: “Advise me.” Ibn Sammak asked: “If you were not given this drink, except by giving away all your wealth or you remained thirsty, would you give it away?” The Caliph replied: “Yes”. Ibn Sammak asked: “Had you not been given this drink of water, except in exchange for your entire kingdom, would you have given it up?” The Caliph replied: “Yes.” Ibn Sammak said: “Then do not be happy with a kingdom that does not equal a sip of water.”

That is, Allah’s favor upon His servant in drinking water when thirsty is greater than the entire kingdom of the earth.

13. RESTRAINT AND ANGER

1. Self-restraint is controlling one’s passions when angry. This is one of the noblest of manners and the best of manners. So you should have it, so that your honor will be safe from reproach and your heart will be calm from worry, and you will receive good praise and many rewards. –

Allah Almighty says: “… and those who restrain their anger and forgive people. Allah loves those who do good.” (QS. Al-Imran:134)

The Prophet said: “Seek glory with Allah.” The companions asked: “What is that, O Messenger of Allah?” He replied: “Connect with those who avoid you and give to those who do not give to you and refrain from those who annoy you.”

Among the Prophet’s supplications: “O Allah, fulfill me with knowledge. Endow me with restraint and ennoble me with piety and bless me with health.”

If someone annoys you, then forgive them, and if they make excuses, then accept them.

It says in the hadeeth: “Whoever has a reason offered to him by his brother and he does not accept it is guilty of a sin, like an illegal tax collector.”

In another hadith: “Whoever has an excuse offered to him by his brother in error, and he does not accept it, then he will not be able to meet me at Al-Haudh (the Prophet’s pool on the Day of Judgment).”

The poet said:

Accept the reasoning of the person who comes up with the reasoning, whether he speaks well or ill of you.

Have submitted to you the one whose birth made you pleased and have exalted you the one who disobeyed you in secret.

2. Self-restraint has many causes.

The first is compassion towards the ignorant. It is mentioned in the hadith: “A Bedouin urinated in the mosque, so people came over to beat him. Then the Prophet said: “Leave him alone, and pour over his urine a bucket of water. Verily, you were sent to make things easy and were not sent to make things difficult’.

Second, the ability to take revenge. It is mentioned in the hadith: “If you can defeat your enemy, then make forgiveness a gratitude for the victory.”

The Prophet (peace be upon him) forgave Du’tsur, who wanted to kill him, and the Bedouin who pulled his turban so much that his shoulder became sore and painful.

He forgave the man who raised his voice when he came to collect a debt. The Companions wanted to hit him, but he said: “Let him be, for the rightful owner may speak.”

The Prophet forgave the people of Makkah who had harassed him so much, for 13 years, that they expelled him from his country, Makkah. He forgave many people.

The hadith states: “The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) did not take revenge for himself in the slightest, except when the prohibition of Allah was violated. If so, he retaliated for the sake of Allah.”

Third: avoiding verbal abuse. The hadith states: “Two people who curse each other are two devils who antagonize and avoid each other”. Especially cursing.

The Prophet said: “A believer is not one who cusses and curses, nor does he speak vile or filthy words.”

The poet said: Say whatever is false and lying I am deaf, but my ears are not.

Another poet said:

I love good manners with all my might and I love neither criticizing nor being criticized.

I forgive people for holding back.

The worst of people are those who revile.

It is narrated that a man said to Dhirar bin Qa’ga’:. “By Allah, if you say it to me once, you will hear it ten times.” So Dhirar said to him: “By Allah, if you say it ten times, you will not hear it once.”

From Sayyidina Ali ibn Hussein ibn Ali (may Allah be pleased with him): That a man abused him. So he threw down the shirt he was wearing and gave him 1000 dirhams.

3. As for anger, it is highly reprehensible and is the key to every evil. He said: “Anger corrupts faith, just as jadam corrupts honey.” He also said: “No one gets angry, but he approaches Jahanam.”

Someone asked the Prophet: “What is the hardest thing?” He replied: “The wrath of Allah.” The man asked: “What keeps me away from the wrath of Allah?” He answered: “Do not get angry.”

Sayyidina Ali Karramallahu Wajha said: “Anger is a part of madness, because the one who does it will regret it. If he does not regret it, then his madness will become stronger (complete).”

Anger sometimes leads to suicide, such as students who fail exams or people who complain about hardship and poverty. All of these come from Satan’s misgivings and weakness of faith. The hadith explains: “Whoever throws himself down from a mountain to kill himself, then he enters Hellfire, throwing himself into it. He will remain in Hell for all eternity.

Whoever takes poison and kills himself, that poison will be in his hand and he will gulp it down in Hellfire. He will remain there forever and ever.

Whoever kills himself with a piece of iron, it will be in his hand and thrust into his belly in Hellfire. He will remain there forever.” (HR. Bukhari).

4. When you are angry, restrain your anger. Do not speak when angry, lest you utter words that you will regret. And, sit down when you stand.

The hadith states: “When one of you is angry, let him be silent.”

In another hadith: “When one of you becomes angry, he should sit down. If he is still angry, he should lie down.”

When you are angry, do not forget to seek refuge with Allah from the accursed devil.

Allah says: “And if you are afflicted with a temptation from the devil, then seek refuge in Allah….” (Al-A’raaf:200).

You should recite the du’a according to the hadith: “I seek refuge with Allah from the accursed devil. O Allah, Lord of the Prophet Muhammad, forgive my sins, remove the aggravation of my heart and protect me from the misleading slanders.”

If you are still angry, then make ablution, as the Prophet said: “When one of you becomes angry, let him make ablution with water, for anger is from fire.”

5. Among the ways of calming anger, one should pay attention to the following:

First, reflect on the verses of the Qur’an and the hadiths of the Prophet, which explain the virtues of restraint and forgiveness. He said:

“An angel will call out on the Day of Judgment: ‘Whoever has a reward for which Allah, the Almighty, is responsible, let him stand up.’ So stand up those who forgive others.”

Then he recited the verse: “… then, whoever forgives and does good, his reward is on Allah …” (Ash-Shura:40).

Secondly, you should remember Allah and imagine that Allah’s power over you is greater than your power to avenge those who do you harm.

Allah says: “And remember your Lord if you forget….” (al-Kahf:24).

Companion Ikrimah said, “If you are angry.” It is narrated that the Prophet sent a servant on an errand. It turned out that the servant was slow. When he came, the Prophet said: “Had it not been for the fear of Oishash, I would have hurt you.” (Qishash is retribution in the hereafter).

Thirdly, do not listen to what the devil says, that not taking revenge is lowly and dishonorable. This is a lie from the accursed devil.

The truth is that it is a glory and honor. As mentioned in the hadeeth: “Humility does not add anything to a servant except honor.

So, be humble. May Allah Ta’ala raise your status. Forgiveness does not add to a servant, except glory. So, forgive. May Allah glorify you.”

Fourthly, you should warn yourself of the evil of revenge, because it increases enmity and multiplies enemies, and brings them joy at the calamities that befall you, so that your life becomes cloudy. It does not allow you to focus your mind on knowledge and worship, nor on your special work.

Fifth, you should think about the ugliness of your appearance when you are angry. The frowning face, the reddened eyes, the swollen cheeks and the trembling limbs. Sometimes stomping on the earth with both feet and beating his chest and acting like a dog or a wild animal attacking. It may also be like a madman running amok. Because anger has taken away his sense of reason. Sometimes cursing at the door when it is difficult for him to open. Breaking the pen with which he writes. Cursing the vehicle he is riding and cursing the wind if it is blowing towards him. It is narrated that a man was blown by the wind until his turban fell off and he cursed it. So the Prophet said: .

“Do not curse the wind, for it is commanded and submissive. Verily, whoever curses something that does not deserve to be cursed, the curse will return to him.”

6. The opposite of that is restraint. This trait can make you an enemy as a friend. As Allah says: “…. Repel (the evil) in a better way, then suddenly the one between whom you and he had enmity, it is as if he has become a very loyal friend.” (QS. Fush Shilat: 34).

A person who is good at restraint will get help from others. As Imam Ali karramallahu wajha said: “The first reward for the one who is good at restraint, is that people will defend him against the ignorant.”

So it is proper for a reasonable person not to cause enmity between him and someone according to his ability. It is mentioned in the hadeeth: “Showing love (compassion) to others is half of reason.”

If he is not good at restraint and likes to take revenge, then it is possible that anger will cause him to kill his enemy. If he is unable to do so, he may kill himself out of anger and resentment. All of these are major sins.

Allah says: “And whoever kills a believer intentionally, his recompense shall be Hellfire. He will abide therein, and Allah will be angry with him, and curse him, and prepare for him a great punishment.” (QS. An-Nisa’:93).

The hadith states: “The killing of a believer is of greater consequence in the sight of Allah than the disappearance of the world.” :

Restraint and forgiveness are among the manners of the Prophets and Messengers, scholars and righteous people. Anger and revenge are among the manners of the arrogant devils and those who are ignorant and inferior. A very strong person is one who can control himself when anger arises.

As explained in the hadith: “A strong man is not strong because he is good at wrestling, but a strong man is one who can control himself when angry.”

7. As for being angry for the sake of Allah, and not because of lust, this is a praiseworthy trait, and it is commanded and called educational courage. That is because of seeing evil being done and injustice being done and the truth being denied. Restraint at that time is very bad and is forbidden.

Aliah Ta’ala says: “And let there be among you a group of people who call to virtue, enjoining the good and forbidding the evil: they are the fortunate ones …” (Al-Imran:104).

“The disbelievers of the Children of Israel have been cursed with the tongues of Dawud and Jesus, the son of Mary. This is because they disobeyed and transgressed.

They do not forbid each other from doing the evil that they do. Indeed, it is very bad what they always do.” (QS. Al-Maidah:78-79).

The hadith states: “Whoever among you sees an evil, let him change it with his hand. If not able, then with his li’s. If not able, then with his heart. That is the weakest of faith.”

The most important kind of anger is anger against an unjust king, or a ruler who betrays and sells his country or corrupts religious and state affairs. In a hadith, the Prophet was asked: “What is the best jihad?” He replied: “Speaking the right word before an unjust king.”

8. So, be you among those who are loved. Allah and they love Him.

Allah says: “O you who believe, whosoever among you apostatizes from his religion, Allah will bring forth a people whom Allah loves and they love Him, who are gentle with the believers, severe with the disbelievers, striving in the cause of Allah, and who do not fear the reproach of the reproachful. That is the bounty of Allah, which He bestows on whom He wills, and Allah is All-Wide and All-Knowing …” (qS. Al-Maidah:54).

Let not your anger and jealousy grow weak at the sight of evil, so that you become sycophants and helpless cowards.

14. SOME STORIES OF PEOPLE WHO ARE GOOD AT RESTRAINT

1. It is narrated that Hathith Az-Zayyat was brought to Al-Hajjaj bin Yusuf Ats-Tsagafi. When he entered to Hajjaj, Hajjaj said: “You are the one named Hathith?” Hathith replied: “Yes, ask what you like. For -I made a promise to Allah when standing before Maqam Ibrahim for three things: Firstly. if I am asked, I will answer correctly: secondly, if I am subjected to trials, I will be patient: thirdly, if given salvation, I will be grateful.”

Hajjaj asked: “What do you think of me?”

Hathith replied: “… I tell you, you are indeed among the enemies of Allah on earth. You violate the prohibitions of Allah and kill on suspicion.” Hajjaj asked: “What do you think of Amirul Mukminin Abdul! Malik bin Marwan?”

Hathith replied: “He is a greater sinner than you. Indeed you are one of his sins.” So Hajjaj said: “Punish him.”

So, they tortured him by splitting a bamboo stick and thrusting it into his flesh, then binding him with ropes and spreading him over the sticks until his flesh was torn apart. But they did not hear him say anything.

Then it was reported to Hajjaj that Hathith was dying. So Hajjaj said: “Take him out and throw him into the marketplace.”

Ja’far said: “Then I went with a friend of mine to him. Then we asked him: ‘Hathith, do you have a need?’ Hathith replied: ‘A sip of water.’ Then they brought him a glass of water, and he died. At that time Hathith was 18 years old, may Allah have mercy on him.”

2. A scholar was visited by a friend of his. He served him food. Then the wife of the wise man came out. She was a woman of bad character. She picked up the dish and started abusing the wise man. Then her friend came out angry. So the wise man followed her and said to her:

“Do you remember the day when we were eating at your house, and a chicken fell on the dish and spoiled it, but neither of us was angry?” His friend replied: “Yes.” The wise man said: “Think of this woman as the chicken.” So the man’s anger subsided and he left. His friend said: “The wise man was right. Self-restraint is the cure for every disease.”

3. A man hit a hiiak on the leg, hurting him. But he was not angry. So it was said to him about it. The wise man said: “I regarded it as a stone that made me stumble, so I slaughtered my anger.”

4. A man cursed the Companion Abdullah bin Abbas ra. When he finished, Abdullah said: “O Ikrimah, does this man have a need that we should fulfill?” So, the man bowed his head and felt ashamed.

5. It is said that a worshipper (‘Aabid) had a goat. The man saw that the goat had three legs. Then he said: “Who did this to it?” One of his servants said: “I.” The man said: “Why?” The slave answered: “So that you will be troubled.” The man said: “No, rather I will trouble the one who sent you. Go, you are free.”

15. GENEROSITY AND MISERLINESS

1. It should be noted that Allah created wealth for the benefit of His slaves and commanded us to be generous with it to the poor and needy, and forbade us to hoard it when people are in need. Hence, Allah, may He be exalted, has enjoined zakaah on us and encouraged us to give charity.

Allah Ta’ala says: “And establish the prayer and pay the zakat …” (al-Baqarah: 43).

“Those who spend their wealth by night and by day in secret and openly, they will have their reward with their Lord. There is no fear for them nor do they grieve.” (Al-Baqarah: 274).

“…… And those who store up gold and silver and do not spend it in the cause of Allah, then tell them of a painful punishment.

On the Day when the gold will be heated in the Hellfire, and their foreheads, their bellies and their backs will be burned with it, (and it will be said to them): “This is your treasure which you have kept for yourselves, so feel now the consequences of what you have kept.” (QS. At-Taubah: 34-35).

2. People are fond of wealth and are fond of accumulating it. As Allah says: “But you (disbelievers) choose the life of this world, while the life of the Hereafter is better and more lasting.” (Al-A’la: 16-17).

However, you must make a habit of being generous so that you will be saved from the disease of miserliness, which is the most dangerous disease. As explained in the hadith: “Which disease is more dangerous than miserliness?”

If you get into the habit of being generous, then you will be loved by Allah, and then by His creation. As Allah says: “And whoever is kept from stinginess, they are the fortunate ones.” (QS. Al-Hasyr: 9)

It is mentioned in the hadith: “Verily, the generous person is close to Allah, people and Paradise and far from Hell. Verily, the miser is far from Allah, people and Paradise, and near to Hellfire.”

“A foolish but generous person is more beloved to Allah than a pious person who is miserly.”

3. Miserliness is a great evil and calamity that causes enmity and quarrels, even fights and the severing of wombs and relatives.

Allah Ta’ala says: “Remember, you are those who are invited to spend in the way of Allah. So among you are some who are miserly, and the miser is only miserly towards himself. And Allah is the All-Rich, while you are the needy….” (Muhammad: 38).

The Prophet said: “Whoever is endowed with wealth by Allah and does not pay his zakaah, a snake will be created for him with its scalp detached and two black dots above its eyes, which will be wrapped around him on the Day of Judgment, and it will silence his mouth. Then it will say: I am your wealth, I am your treasure.”

Then he recited the verse: “Let not those who are stingy with the wealth that Allah has given them from His bounty think that stinginess is good for them. In fact, it is bad for them. The wealth that they hogged will be hung around their necks on the Day of Resurrection…. ” (QS. Al-Imran: 180).

In another hadith: “Do not be miserly, for that destroyed those before you. They were told to lie, so they lied. They were told to do wrong, so they did wrong. They were told to break ties, so they broke ties.”

4. Satan is eager to prevent people from giving charity, because he knows its great virtue. So, with his envy and enmity towards people, he wants to deprive people of this great reward. As Allah, may He be exalted, says: “

“Satan promises (frightens) you with poverty and tells you to do evil (miserliness).” (QS. Al-Baqarah: 268).

The hadith explains: “No one gives charity, but he is free from the challenge of seventy devils, all of whom forbid him to give charity.”

So, be generous and open your hands in giving alms. Beware, lest you be deceived by the devil and his wassas. Believe that Allah will compensate you for the alms you give in the cause of Allah.

Allah says: “And whatever you give in charity, Allah will compensate, and He is the best Provider.” (QS. Saba’: 39).

In a hadith Qudsi it is explained. “O my servant, spend, and I will compensate you. Allah’s wealth is full, not diminished by the spending that flows night and day. Have you not seen what Allah has spent since He created the heavens and the earth? Verily, nothing decreases in His wealth.”

In another hadith: “Every day in the morning, two angels descend upon the servants. One says: ‘O Allah, reward the one who gives charity,’ while the other says: ‘O Allah, bring destruction upon the miser’.”

5. Be generous to your family first, then to your nearer relatives, then the nearer ones, the Prophet said:

“The dinar that you spend in the cause of Allah, for : Freeing slaves and giving charity to the poor and to your family, the greatest reward is that which you give to your family.”

The Prophet also said: “Charity to the poor is one charity, while charity to the poor is two charities: charity and kinship.”

The Prophet said in another hadith: “The people of Muham. mad, by Allah who sent me with the truth, do not accept charity from a man, while he has a relative who is in dire need of his help, but he gives it to someone else. By Allah in whose hand is my life, Allah will not look upon him on the Day of Resurrection.”

You should give charity in secret, because it can quell God’s anger. As mentioned in the hadith. Also in another hadith: “Indeed, its reward is multiplied from the reward of open charity 70 times.”

6. Among the benefits of charity is that it repels calamity and disease and preserves wealth. As mentioned in the hadith: “The deeds of righteousness prevent dying in a bad state. Fortify your wealth with zakat and heal the sick among you with charity. The wealth of the sea and land does not perish but because of the withholding of zakaah.”

Among its rewards is that it purifies the person who gives it in charity from sins. Allah, may He be glorified and exalted, says: “Take zakat from some of their wealth, and with it you will purify and cleanse them…” (At-Taubah: 103).

In addition, charity brings joy to the poor and causes them to pray for you. In a hadith it is explained: “The best of deeds is when you bring joy to your believing brother, pay off a debt or give him food (bread).”

Charity can increase sustenance. A hadith has been mentioned in this regard. Charity also provides shade for the doer from the scorching heat of the Plain of Mahshar on the Day of Judgment, causes relief from the hadeeth (calculation of deeds), weighs the scales of deeds and passes the crossing over Ash-Shirot, increasing degrees in Paradise.

1. If you are poor, then give charity, even if it is small. It is better in the sight of Allah than the generous charity of the rich. As stated in the hadith: “One dirham outweighs a thousand dirhams.”

Do not turn away the first beggar who stands at your door, and give charity every day, even if it is a little, and hasten it in the morning. As mentioned in the hadith: “Hurry up and give charity because calamity cannot befall the one who gives charity.”

Be careful not to mention your charity to the poor, because mentioning it is haraam and nullifies the reward of charity. As Allah Ta’ala says: “O you who believe, do not deprive your charity of its reward by mentioning it and hurting the recipient.” (QS. Al-Baqarah: 264)

Whereas in the hadeeth: “The one who talks back about his charity will not enter Paradise.”

You should lend to those in need, for the reward for lending is great.

Allah says: “Whoever lends to Allah a good loan, Allah will multiply it for him, and he will have a great reward.” (QS. Al-Hadid: 11).

In another verse: “…. then Allah will multiply the payment to him with a great double …… ” (QS. Al-Baqarah: 245).

Whereas the hadith states: “On the night of Isra’, I saw on the door of Paradise written: “Charity is rewarded tenfold, while debt is rewarded eighteenfold! So I asked: ‘O Jibril, why is debt better than charity?’ He replied: ‘Because the one who asks sometimes only asks, even though he has sufficient wealth, whereas the one who owes, he does not owe, except out of need.”

You should give preference to others over yourself, that is, if you have something that you need, then someone else needs it, then you give it to them and give them preference over yourself. The reward for doing so is very great.

Allah Ta’ala says: “….. and they (the Ansar) preferred (the Muhajirin) over themselves, even though they were in distress. And those who are kept from stinginess, they are the fortunate ones…” (al-Hasr: 9).

16 THE GENEROSITY OF THE APOSTLE OF ALLAH, PEACE BE UPON HIM. AND HIS FAMILY

1. The Holy Prophet (S) was the most gracious and generous person. He gave away everything he had and gave gifts that kings, such as Kisra and Caesar, could not afford. Never was he asked for something, then he said: “No.”

A woman came to him with a piece of burdah cloth woven with both hands to put on him. So the Prophet took it and wore it out of necessity. Then a Companion said: “Put it on me. How good it is!”

‘ So the Prophet said: “Yes.” After the Prophet sat in the majlis, he went home and folded it. Then he sent it to the companion. So the people said to him: “You are not doing good. The Prophet used it because he needed it. Then you asked for it, while you know that he does not refuse those who ask.” The companion replied: “By Allah, I did not ask for it to wear. Rather I asked for it to be my ‘shroud’.” So the burdah became his shroud.

2. 90,000 dirhams were brought to the Prophet. Then he placed it on a mat. Then he stood up and distributed it. He did not refuse anyone who asked until he had finished distributing it.

A man came asking him (the Prophet) for something. So he said: “I have nothing, but buy it on my behalf. If I have money, I will pay for it.”

The Prophet also returned the captives of the Hawazin who numbered 6,000 people.

His generosity was all for the sake of Allah and to gain His pleasure. He preferred others to himself and his children. Sometimes for a month or two there was no fire in his house. He and his family would only eat dates and water. Many times he would go to bed hungry and wake up fasting. He would tie a stone to his stomach because he was hungry. Treasures were brought to him, but he did not keep any for himself, even when he died, his armor was still pledged to the Jews in exchange for 30 sha’ of grain. Even though he had ruled the Arabian Peninsula.

There is much more to the Prophet’s generosity and people-first nature, which boggles the mind and is recorded in history books.

His family and companions and those who followed them (the tabiin) followed his path and behavior in terms of sacrifice and generosity, generosity and giving.

So, look at the generosity of Sayyidina Abu Bakr ra. that he spent all his wealth in the battle of Tabuk. Sayyidina Umar ra. spent half of his wealth. While Sayyidina Uthman and Sayyidina Abdurrahman bin Auf (may Allah be pleased with them) spent a great deal of wealth.

3. Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: That Hasan and Hussein ra. (grandchildren of the Messenger of Allah) were sick, so the Messenger of Allah visited them with some people. Then they said: “O Abal Hasan (referring to Sayyidina bin Abi Talib, the father of Hasan and Husein) what if you vowed (promise to do good to get closer to Allah) for your son?” Then Ali and Fatimah and the Fidhdhah (name of the slave girl) vowed that if the two children recovered from their illness, they would fast three days. Eventually the two children recovered, and they had nothing.

Then ‘Ali ra. borrowed from Sham’un Al-Khaibari, a Jew, three saa’ of wheat. Fatimah ra. ground one saa’ of wheat and made five loaves of bread, according to their number. Then they placed it before her to break the fast. Then a beggar came and said: “Assalamu’alaikum, O family of Muhammad, I am a poor Muslim, give me some food, may Allah give you food from the dishes of Paradise.” Then they gave him food and he slept without eating anything but water.

In the morning they fasted. When evening came and they were preparing food before him, there came to them an orphan. They gave him the food.

On the third day, a prisoner came to them. So, they did likewise. In the morning, Ali took Hasan and Hussein by the hand. They came to the Messenger of Allah, and when he saw them trembling like birds because they were very hungry, he said: “How miserable you are, as I see it.” He stood up and went with them. He saw Fatimah in her mihrab. Her body looked thin and her eyes looked sunken. He was saddened to see that. So, Gabriel descended and said: “Take her, O Muhammad! Allah congratulate you regarding your family.” Then Gabriel recited to him Surah Al-Insan until the end. Among other things:

“Verily, those who do righteousness drink from a cup whose mixture is the water of Kafur, (i.e.) a spring (in Paradise) from which the servants of Allah drink, and from which they can best flow.

They fulfill their vows and fear a day whose punishment will be everywhere.

And they give their favorite food to the poor, orphans and captives.

Indeed, we feed you only in the hope of Allah’s pleasure; we do not seek from you anything in return, nor do we seek thanks.

Verily, we fear the punishment of our Lord on a Day when people will be frowning with distress.” (QS. Al-Insan:5-10).

Imam Al-Alusi, Fakhrur Razi and Az-Zamakhshari mentioned the above hadith in their books of tafsir and other scholars.

4. It is narrated that Sayyidah Fatimah (ra) presented the Messenger of Allah (saw) with two pieces of bread and some meat. Then he sent it back to Fatimah or took it and returned it closed, saying: “Come here, my child.” So Fatimah opened the tray.

As it turned out, he was full of bread and meat. The Prophet asked him: “Where did you get this?” Fatimah replied: “It is from Allah. Verily, Allah gives sustenance to whomever He wills without measure.” Then he said: “Praise be to Allah who made you resemble the leader of the women of the Children of Israel.” (Maryam bint Imran).

Then he gathered Ali, Hasan and Hussein and their families, may Allah be pleased with them all. Then they ate until they were full, while the food remained as it was, so he gave it to the neighbors. (Abu Suud mentioned this story in his tafsir).

17. HUMILITY AND PRIDE

1. Indeed, humility is a noble character. Allah has commanded His Prophet to be humble.

Allah says: “And humble yourselves to those who follow you, the believers.” (QS. Ash-Shu’ara’: 215)

“… If you had been harsh and hard-hearted, they would have distanced themselves from you….” (Al-Imran:159).

In characterizing His guardians, Allah Almighty says: “….. who is gentle with the believers, who is severe with the disbelievers ….” (Al-Maidah:54).

“And the good servants of the Most Merciful Lord are those who walk the earth humbly, and when the ignorant address them, they speak words of salvation.” (QS. Al-Furqan:63).

By being humble, one’s status in this world and the Hereafter is raised. So, you should make this noble character obligatory upon yourself. The Prophet said: “When a person is humble, Allah raises him to the seventh heaven.”

Then he said: “Humility only adds to the glory of man, so be humble, may Allah have mercy on you.”

2. When man knows himself truly, he knows that he is lowly and despicable – and that he is not worthy of anything but humility.

He will also come to know his Lord, the Most High and the Most Great, and that Allah alone is worthy of majesty and greatness.

In a hadith Qudsi, Allah Ta’ala says: “Pride is My shawl, and majesty is My sarong. So, whoever opposes Me regarding these attributes or one of them, I will throw him into Hellfire and I do not care.” That is, majesty and pride are two attributes that are specific to Allah Ta’ala and are likened to a sarong and a shawl: Allah Ta’ala and likened to a sarong and a shawl.

3. Beware of pride and boasting. Allah has denounced pride in several verses of the AI-Our’an.

He said: “I will turn away those who arrogate themselves on the earth without just cause from the signs of My power.” (QS. AlA’raf:146). l

“Verily, He (Allah) does not like the arrogant.” (QS. An-Nahl:23)

“Indeed, those who arrogate themselves from worshipping Me will enter Hellfire in a state of humiliation.” (QS. Al-Mukmin:60)

Allah Ta’ala says about describing His enemies: “Verily, when it was said to them: ‘Laa ilaaha illallah’ (There is no god but Allah), they boasted.” (AS. Ash-Shaffat:35)

“And (also) Karun, Pharaoh and Haman. And indeed Moses came to them with clear proofs. But they acted arrogantly (on the earth), and they were not the ones who escaped (from the destruction),” (QS. Al-Ankabut: 39).

The Prophet said: “Verily, the people whom we love the most among you and who will be closest to us in the Hereafter are those who have the best manners among you.

And indeed the people we hate the most among you and the most distant among you from us are those who talk a lot without use and like to boast and Al-Mutafaiqihuun.”

The Companions said: “O Messenger of Allah, we have known people who talk needlessly and are loudmouths, so what is Al-Mutafaigihuun?” The Messenger of Allah replied: “Those who are arrogant.” It continued: “Those who are arrogant will be resurrected on the Day of Judgment in the form of small ants that are trampled by people. Then they will be led to a prison in the Hellfire called ‘Bulas’, which is filled with fire, while they are given a drink of thiinatul khabaal, which is the sweat of the dwellers of Hell.”

4. The causes of pride are many, among which is pride in knowledge. The Prophet said: “The defect of knowledge is pride.” It is very bad for a scholar to be arrogant. It is more appropriate for him to be humble, as the poet said:

As a person’s knowledge increases, he becomes more humble.

The more foolish a person becomes, the more prideful he becomes.

That’s how a branch that bears fruit can reach you even though it’s getting stronger from carrying fruit.

This is because the pious person realizes the great responsibility of knowledge. Indeed, he is unable to give thanks to Allah for the blessing of knowledge and fears the danger of the end of his life. Therefore, he remains submissive to his Lord. He worries about himself and is humble towards others, because he knows that pride is not appropriate, except for Allah.

If he is arrogant, God hates him: and if he is humble, then God will love and lead him. In a hadith Qudsi it is explained “Indeed you have degrees with Me, as long as you do not see degrees for yourselves. If you see a degree for yourself, then there is no degree for you with Me.”

5. Among them: Boasting of worship and excellence, wealth and good looks, lineage and strength and other causes. Therefore, avoid the silat of arrogance, even if it is a little. In a hadith it is stated: “No one will enter Paradise who has a little arrogance in his heart.” This is because arrogance prevents one from having good manners, which are the gates of Paradise. So he cannot be humble and does not love his brother as he loves himself. Nor can he forgive and be patient.

On the other hand, pride leads to bad manners, which are the gates of hell, such as vengeance, envy, lying, anger, contempt for others and unwillingness to accept advice. The arrogant person is closed-minded and any guidance given to him will go unheeded. As Allah Ta’ala says: “….. Thus Allah closes the hearts of the arrogant and arbitrary.” (QS. Al-Mukmin: 35).

Satan used to worship God with the angels for thousands of years. When he became arrogant, Allah cursed him and expelled him from Paradise. As Allah says: “And (remember) when We said to the angels: ‘Bow down to Adam’, so they bowed down except the devil. He was reluctant and arrogant, and he was among those who disbelieved.” (QS. Al-Baqarah: 34).

Allah says: “Come down from Paradise, for you should not boast in it, so come out. Indeed, you are among the despised.” (QS. A-A’raf: 13).

6. One of the signs of arrogance is exalting oneself in gatherings and getting ahead of one’s peers, praising oneself and belittling others, and refusing to accept the truth. As mentioned in the hadith: “Arrogance is rejecting the truth and not accepting it, and insulting others.”

He kept doing what he was doing wrong. Because he does not want to be contradicted by anyone. A proud person uses his harshness and rudeness when advising others. Turning his cheeks and scowling his face. Walks arrogantly, stomping his feet on the earth and does not like others to go ahead of him when walking.

The arrogant person likes it when others walk behind him and people stand up to greet him in the assembly, does not want to precede greeting others and when others greet him, he does not answer his greeting.

Another sign of an arrogant person is when he looks mockingly at others. He wants to be visited and does not want to visit others. He does not like to attend gatherings of the weak and poor. He does not want to eat with them and does not fulfill his invitation when invited. Nor will he visit the sick or be polite to them.

A proud person does not want to do his own work, but uses others and is reluctant to carry things with his hands.

The arrogant person does not wear ordinary clothes, except those that are luxurious with the aim of bragging and boasting. And others.

18. SOME STORIES OF PEOPLE WHO WERE HUMBLE AND PROUD

1. A man ate near the Messenger of Allah with his left hand. Then he said to him: “Eat with your right hand.” The man said: “I cannot.”

The Prophet said: “You will not be able to do so. He refused because he is arrogant.”

The Prophet said again: “Then that person cannot raise his hand to his mouth.”

2. Sayyidina ‘Ali (a.s.) gave his servant some dirhams to buy two shirts of different prices. When he brought the two shirts. Sayyidina Ali gave him the shirt that was thinner woven and more expensive and kept the other one for himself. Sayyidina Ali said to him: “You have more right to wear the best than I, because you are young and your taste is good. I am old and this is enough for me.”

3. When Sayyidina Umar ibn Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) was called to the Levant to sign peace in one of its territories, as the people had indicated, he took turns riding between himself and his slave. As they approached the city, it was the slave’s turn to ride. Finally, Sayyidina Umar arrived at the base of his army walking, while his slave was riding.

4. Sayyidina Hussein bin Ali (a.s.) passed by a place of poor people, while they were eating bread on a piece of cloth. Then they said: “O Abu Abdillah, come have lunch.”

So Sayyidina Hussein ra. dismounted from his vehicle and recited the verse: “Verily He (Allah) dislikes those who are arrogant.” (QS. An-Nahl: 23).

Sayyidina Hussein ra. ate with them, then he said: “I have fulfilled your invitation, so fulfill my invitation.”

So they went with him. When he arrived at his house, he said to his slave girl: “Take out the food you have stored.”

5. It is narrated that one night Sayyidina Umar bin Abdul Aziz (may Allah be pleased with him) had a guest, and he was writing, and the light was almost out. So his guest said: “I will go to the lamp to fix it.”

Sayyidina Umar said: “It is not generosity when one is served by his guest.” The man said: “Should I wake up the servant?” Sayyidina Umar replied: “He is just sleeping.” Then Umar stood up and took a lamp, and filled it with oil. The guest said: “You stand alone, O Amirul Mukminin!” Sayyidina Umar said: “I go and my name is Umar. I return and my name is Umar. It does not detract from me anything. The best of men are those who are humble in the sight of Allah.” .

6. It is narrated that Mutharrif ibn ‘Abdullah ibn Shikhkhir (may Allah have mercy on him) looked at Muhallab ibn Abi Shufrah who was wearing a garment until it hit the ground and was dragging it while walking arrogantly. Then Mutharrif said: “O Abu Abdillah, why do you walk like this, which Allah and His Messenger hate?” Al-Muhallab said: “Do you not know me?” Mutharrif replied: “Yes, I recognize you. You were first a foul drop of semen, eventually becoming a filthy carcass, while your entrails in between were urine and feces.” Finally, Muhallab no longer walked like that.

7. Umar ibn Shabbah reported that he said: “When I was in Makkah, I was between Shafa and Marwah. Then I saw a man riding a female baghal (a hybrid of a horse and a donkey) and in front of him were some children. Apparently, they were yelling at people.

After some time, I returned and entered the bridge. I saw a man who was barefoot and bareheaded with long hair. Then I looked at him and pondered.”

So he said: “Why are you looking at me?” I replied: “I liken you to a man whom I saw in Makkah and described his character.”

Then he said: “I am that man.”

So I asked: “What has Allah done to you?”

He replied: “I exalted myself where people exalted themselves (in Makkah). So Allah humbled me where people exalt themselves (under the bridge).”

8. Al-Hajjaj b. Yusuf, who was unjust and arrogant and often shed blood. His bad news is mentioned in the books of history. One day, he saw a beetle crawling towards his prayer place, so he chased it away, but it returned. Then he chased it away again, but it kept coming back. So. he picked it up with his hand and threw it away. But the beetle bit him until his hand was swollen, then he died from the bite of the beetle.

Thus Allah humiliated him, through the cause of His weakest creature, just as King Namrud bin Kan’an, who was killed by a mosquito that entered his “nose”. The mosquito was the cause of his destruction. Many times he acted arbitrarily and arrogantly to the point of claiming to be God. He harassed Sayyidina Ibrahim (as) and wanted to burn him with fire. So Allah saved him from the fire.

Allah Ta’ala says: “We said: ‘O fire, cool down and save Ibrahim’.” (QS. Al-Anbiya’: 69).

9. Similarly, Allah destroyed Pharaoh by drowning him in the Nile River in a state of humiliation after he had acted arbitrarily and abusively and said to his people: “I am your supreme Lord.” (QS. An-Nazi’at: 24).

He harassed Sayyidina Musa (‘a), killed and imprisoned many people and tortured them severely. So was Garun when he became arrogant. Allah buried him in the earth and he will be in it until the Day of Judgment, and so on.

This is also what is mentioned in the stories of Noah, ‘Aad, Tsamud, Luth and Shu’aib. So Allah punished them for their arrogance and corruption on earth, and some of them were drowned, by a very cold and strong wind, by shouting, by stones and fire that fell on them from the sky, or by a strong earthquake.

Allah, the Almighty, says: “So We punished each of them for his sins, so that on some of them We rained pebbles, and on some of them a loud thunderous sound, and on some of them We sank them into the earth, and on some of them We drowned them; and Allah did not intend to wrong them, but they wronged themselves.” (QS. Al-Ankabut: 40).

19. IKHLAS AND RIYA’

1. Ikhlas (sincerity) is the basis of deeds and their souls. A deed is invalid and unacceptable in the sight of Allah if it is not sincere. Allah, the Almighty, says: “And they have not been commanded except to worship Allah with pure obedience to Him in the observance of religion.” (QS. Al-Bayyinah: 5).

“Remember, to Allah belongs only the religion that is free from shirk…” (QS. Az-Zumar: 3).

“The flesh of camels and their blood can never attain (the pleasure of) Allah, but piety from you can.” (QS. Al-Hajj: 37).

The meaning of ikhlas is that you do your deeds for Allah alone, so that Allah will be pleased and reward you. Your deeds should be free of any other intentions, such as seeking fame, fortune or position.

2. Be sincere in what you believe and what you say, so that you will be true believers and will be blessed by the Lord of the worlds. Beware of riya’ in that regard, so that you will be saved from shirk and sin, and your deeds will be saved from rejection and futility. In a hadith it is stated: “The lowest of riya’ is shirk.”

The Prophet was asked about a man who fights out of bravery, pride, or jealousy. Which of these is fi sabilillah (in the cause of Allah)? The Prophet said: “Whoever fights for the sake of the word of Allah, then he is in the way of Allah.”

It is also mentioned in the hadith: “Verily, actions depend on their intentions and each person gets the results according to his intentions. So, whoever makes hijrah for Allah and His Messenger, his hijrah is directed towards Allah and His Messenger. But whoever hijrahs for the worldly pleasures he wants to attain or the woman he wants to marry, his hijrah depends on his intention at the time of hijrah.”

3. Know that sincerity is obligatory, and the one who is sincere is loved by Allah, while riya’ is forbidden and is a major sin. The one who does riya’ is hated and wrathful in the sight of Allah.

Allah, may He be glorified and exalted, has reproached those who are riya’ in His words: “So woe to those who pray. (Those who neglect their prayers. The one who does riya’ and is reluctant to help with anything useful.” (QS. Al-Maa’uun:4-7).

“Verily, the hypocrites deceive Allah, and Allah will repay their deceit. And when they stand for prayer, they stand lazily. They intend to make a show of themselves before men. And they do not mention Allah except very little.” (QS. An-Nisaa’: 142).

“And (also) those who spend their wealth for the sake of the people, and those who do not believe in Allah and the Last Day. Whoever takes the devil for a companion is the worst of companions.” (QS. An-Nisaa’: 38).

Allah Ta’ala praises those who are sincere in His words: “Indeed, we feed you only for the pleasure of Allah. We do not seek from you anything in return, nor do we seek gratitude.” (QS. Al-Insan: 9).

On the basis of sincerity, Allah promises those who repent from the hypocrites to accept their repentance and give them a great reward with the believers who do good deeds, in the words of Allah Ta’ala:

“Except those who repent and make amends and hold fast to (the religion of) Allah and are sincere in their religion for the sake of Allah. Then, they are with the believers, and Allah will give those who believe a great reward.” (An-Nisa’: 146).

4. You should know that those who do good deeds for the sake of doing good deeds are exposing themselves to destruction and severe punishment. It is mentioned in the hadith: “The first to be asked on the Day of Resurrection are three kinds, namely: A person whom Allah grants knowledge. So Allah asks: ‘What did you do with your knowledge?’ The man replies: “O my Lord, I practiced it all night and day. So Allah said: ‘You are lying.’ The angels said: “You are lying. You just want people to say that so-and-so is a scholar. Remember, it was said so.”

A person who is granted wealth by Allah, then Allah Ta’ala asks: ‘I have given you pleasure. What are you doing?’ The man replied: ‘O my Lord, I give in charity with it all night and day.’ ‘Then Allah said: ‘You are lying.’ The angels said: “You are lying. You just want people to say that so-and-so is generous. Remember, it was said so.”

And one who was killed in the way of Allah Ta’ala. So Allah Ta’ala asks: ‘What did you do?’ The man replied: ‘O my Lord, I was told to fight. Then I fought until I was killed.’ So Allah said: ‘You are lying.’ The angels said: “You are lying. You only want people to say that so-and-so is brave. Remember, it was said so.” They are the first creatures for whom Hellfire will be kindled on the Day of Resurrection.”

In another hadeeth it is stated: “Whoever learns knowledge in order to gain the pleasure of Allah, the Almighty, but learns it for the sake of worldly gain, will not smell the smell of Paradise on the Day of Judgment.”

5. As for the one who has two intentions for doing good deeds, namely to draw closer to Allah and to please his desires, he is in danger.

If the two intentions for doing the deed are the same, then the reward disappears and the one who does the deed is neither rewarded nor punished. If the religious intention is stronger, then the reward is not wasted, but it is reduced according to the degree of the worldly intention. But if his worldly intention is stronger, so that if he does not have that intention, he does not do the deed, then the reward is wasted and the one who does the deed is sinful. However, the ruling is less severe than the ruling for those whose intention was merely to be jealous.

6. Be aware that the one who is riya’ has three signs, as Sayyidina Ali Karamalallahu Wajhahu said: “The riya’ person is lazy when he is alone and active when he is among the people. He increases his deeds when praised and decreases them when criticized.” If you do a deed for the sake of Allah, then people praise you for it without the intention of being praised, then there is nothing wrong with that. This is a sign that your deeds are accepted. It is mentioned in the hadith:

“It was asked of the Messenger of Allah: ‘What do you think of the one who does good and is praised by people?’ He replied: ‘That is the immediate good news for the believer. “That is, as indicated by the words of Allah: :

“For them is glad tidings of life in this world and the Hereafter.” (QS. Yunus: 64).

7. Examples of riya’ mixed with the intention of drawing closer are many. Among them: If a person learns knowledge in order to draw closer to Allah with his knowledge and attain righteousness and a position with men or to gain wealth: writing the Mushaf (Qur’an) so that his writing will be good: praying to prevent drowsiness or to exercise his body with its movements: fasting to benefit from abstinence and health: performing the Hajj to enjoy and see the countries and to be healthy by traveling: or doing wudhu’ to be clean or cool: taking the Sunnah bath to be fragrant: giving alms to be said that he is generous or to reduce begging: visiting the sick to be visited when he is sick or reciting the Qur’an and mentioning the name of Allah to be said that he is diligent in reciting the Qur’an and dhikr. So, he only obtains the position, wealth or position in question.

Or he prays Friday prayers, in congregation, Tarawih or is filial to his parents, not because he wants the reward alone, but also out of fear of man.

8. Know that the place of sincerity and riya’ is in the heart and it is the center of Allah’s sight.

As explained in the hadith: “Verily Allah looks neither at your body nor at your form, but He looks at your heart.”

In another hadith: “Know that there is a lump of flesh in the body. If it is good, the whole body is good. And when it is corrupt, the whole body is corrupt. Know that it is the heart.”

Therefore, make every effort to cleanse your heart and make your desires centered on God rewarding you for the deeds you do.

As for humans, then they cannot benefit and cause harm to themselves. How can they do this to others in this world! How will it be in the Hereafter!

Allah Ta’ala says: “… a day on which the father will not be able to help his son, and the son will not be able to help his father in the least.” (QS. Lukman: 33).

“On the day when man will flee from his brother. From his mother and father. From his wife and children.

Every one of them on that day will have something to occupy him…” (QS. ‘Abasa: 34-37).

So, no one is riya’ with his deeds, except the foolish and lost, who is deceived by the devil with false bait and stimulation.

The hadith states: “When Allah gathers the former and the latter on the Day of Resurrection on a day about which there is no doubt, an angel will say: ‘Whoever associates partners with Allah in his deeds, then let him seek his reward from that person. Verily, Allah needs no partner!”

20. THE VANITY OF THOSE WHO ARE RIYA’ (SHY)

1. It was narrated from the Messenger of Allah that a man said to him: “I fast the whole year, O Messenger of Allah.” So he said to him: “You neither fast nor break the fast.” The scholars said: “The Prophet said this because he was showing the practice of fasting.”

2. It is narrated that Sayyidina Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) saw a man bowing his neck. Then he said: “O owner of the neck, raise your neck. Solemnity is not in bowing the neck, but solemnity is in the heart.”

3. Ibn Mas’ud reported that he heard a man say: “Last night I read Surah Al-Baga. rah.” So he said: “That is his share: what he gets from it.” That is, he did not get the reward, because he was jealous of his deeds.

4. Abu Umamah Al-Bahili (may Allah be pleased with him) saw a man in the mosque weeping in prostration. Then Abu Umamah said: “You did the right thing, if this had happened in your house.”

5. It is narrated that a man entertained Sufyan Ats. Tsauri and his companions. Then he said to his wife: “Give me a tray other than the one I brought during the first Hajj, but during the second Hajj.” So Sufyan Ats-Tsauri (may Allah have mercy on him) said: “Poor man! He spoiled both his Hajj with this remark.”

6. A man prays with an attitude of riya’. Then it is said to him: “How good your prayer is!” The man said: “Besides that, I fast.”

7. It is said to a person who is riya’: “How long did you stay in Iraq?” He replied: “Since 20 years, and I have been fasting since 30 years.”

Mahmud Al-Warraq said:

They make a show of worshipping “man.” And for money they do.

They pray and fast for money and for money they go on Hajj and pilgrimage.

If they were seen above the star Tsurayya while they had feathers, they would have flown.

21. VENGEANCE AND SPITE

You know that revenge is the result of anger. When a person is angry with someone and cannot take revenge on him, the anger returns to the mind, and he becomes vengeful. A vengeful person keeps waiting for an opportunity until he takes revenge on the person he hates.

As the poet said:

Indeed, the enemy, even if he shows peace, if he feels strong, will one day attack.

Grudges are haram and highly reprehensible, like envy. Meaning: He expects to lose the pleasure of the person against whom he is spiteful.

Allah says: “Or do they envy the man (Muhammad) for the bounty that Allah has bestowed on him?” (Sūrat An-Ni-sa’:54).

“And from the evil of the envious when he is envious” (QS. Al-Falaq: 5).

The Prophet said: “Resentment and envy consume the reward of good deeds like fire consumes wood.”

He also said: “The believer is not vindictive.”

He also said: “I am not among those who are spiteful, who engage in namimah (backbiting) or go to a witch doctor, and I am not among them.”

As for envy, which is wishing to be like the person who is the object of envy without wishing to lose that pleasure, then this trait is praiseworthy, because it creates healthy competition.

Envy in matters of goodness is encouraged. Allah Ta’ala says: “…. for such things let people compete.” (QS. Al-Muthaffifin:26).

The hadith states: “The believer is envious, while the hypocrite is jealous.” In another hadith: “There has spread upon you the disease of the nations before you, which is envy and hatred. That is what will shave. I did not say: He shaves the hair, but shaves the religion.

By Allah who controls my life, you will not enter Paradise until you believe and you will not believe until you love each other. Shall I show you something that if you do, then you love one another? Spread the salam among you.”

2. Grudges and spite cause fatigue of the heart and harm to the body. Sayyidina Ali ra. said: “The health of the body is due to a little spite.”

Imam Al-Ashma’i said: “I said to a hillbilly who was 120 years old: “How long you have lived!’The man replied: ‘I gave up envy, so I have lived long’.”

There is nothing more pleasing to man and nothing less distressing than to live with a clean heart, not envying and not holding a grudge against anyone. And this is how the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) was. In a hadith it is explained: “Let none of my companions tell me anything about anyone, for I want to come out to you with a clean heart.”

Among the Prophet’s supplications: “O Allah, every favor that I feel in the morning or is felt by one of Your creatures, it is from You alone, there is no partner for You. So, to You is all praise and gratitude.”

The hadith states: The Messenger of Allah was asked: “Which man is the best?” He replied: “Any person who is clean in heart and correct in speech.” Someone said: “We know the righteousness of his tongue, so what does clean heart mean?” The Prophet replied: “He is the one who is clean in heart and pious, who does not sin and does not do wrong, who does not bear grudges and does not envy.”

Allah has described the righteous Muslims in His words: “And those who came after them (Muhajirin and Anshar), they prayed: ‘O our Lord, forgive us and our brothers who have believed before us, and do not allow envy in our hearts against those who believe. O our Lord, surely You are Oft-forgiving, Most Merciful’.” (QS. Al-Hasyr:10).

The poet said:

Seekers of a life of security and tranquility, purely without turbidity, clean without impurities

Cleanse your heart from grudges and resentment

Grudges in the heart, like shackles around the neck.

3. Be aware that the evil effects of grudges and spite do not affect the individual alone, but extend to the community. It causes great harm and fuels the flames of slander and enmity, resulting in the severing of ties between relatives and members of families and tribes.

The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, denounced disconnection: “Do not hate, envy, shun and cut off one another. Rather, be servants of Allah who are brothers. It is forbidden for a Muslim to stay away from his brother for more than three days.”

In another hadith: “Whoever stays away from sauda. ranya for more than three days, and then dies, will enter Hellfire.”

The Prophet also said: “The gates of Paradise are opened on Mondays and Thursdays. So, every servant . who does not associate anything with Allah, his sins will be forgiven, except for the one who still has enmity between him and his brother. So it is said: “Postpone these two until they are reconciled. Postpone these two until they are reconciled.”

The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: “Allah, the Almighty, watches over His slaves on the middle night of Sha’ban, and forgives those who seek forgiveness, and has mercy on those who seek mercy, and delays those who bear grudges, as they are.”

4. The causes of envy are many, including:

Enmity and hatred. The spiteful person does not want his enemy to have a virtue. Hence, he envies him for that enjoyment.

Exalting oneself and being arrogant. He is not willing for someone to show a good trait, so as not to boast about it to him. Hence, he expects no good from him (others).

Fear of not getting the point across. This usually happens between relatives and friends. Brothers envy each other for gaining a position in the hearts of their father and mother. Fellow students envy each other for gaining a position with the teacher. Merchants envy each other for having many customers, and so on. As it is said: The enemy of man is the one who works like his work.

An evil soul and low disposition. This is the most important and worst cause. He does not desire good for anyone and feels heavy at the sight of Allah’s pleasure upon His servants. He is saddened when he sees people in good health, peaceful and secure. He is happy when they are afflicted with calamities, so that their affairs are disrupted, prices become expensive and disease and enmity spread among them. This person is an enemy of the pleasures of Allah and his envy is steady, while his treatment is very difficult, because he is not happy unless the blessings of Allah disappear from His servants.

5.It is good for the poet to say:

Every enmity can be expected to be eliminated, except the enmity of the one who is hostile to you out of spite because in the heart there is a bond that binds it, no one can open it forever.

Unless the Lord, if He has mercy, lets him go.

If He refuses, then do not expect it from anyone.

Among them are those who are hostile to those who improve the country and benefit the people. They oppose their work and obstruct their projects out of spite and ill will. Therefore, do not associate with them and stay away from them, as a healthy person stays away from a scurvy sufferer, and support a healthy person who stays away from a scurvy sufferer, and support those who are making improvements with the strength that is in you.

6. Among the attributes that accompany vengeance are prejudice, investigating faults and spreading evil deeds. Allah, may He be exalted, says (interpretation of the meaning): “Those who wish that news of their abominable deeds should spread among the believers, for them is a painful punishment in this world and the Hereafter. And Allah knows, while you do not know.” (QS. An. Nuur:19).

Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) ascended the pulpit and called out in a loud voice: “O people who enter Islam with their tongue, but faith does not enter their heart. Do not harass the Muslims, criticize them, and inquire into their faults, for whoever inquires into the faults of his Muslim brother, Allah inquires into his faults. And whoever Allah inquires about his faults, Allah will uncover them even in his own house.”

One day Ibn ‘Umar looked at the Ka’bah and said: “How great you are and how great is your honor, while the believer has greater honor in the sight of Allah than you (the Ka’bah).”

One of Allah’s bounties on His slaves is that He likes to cover up the ugliness and calls Himself As-Sattar (the One who covers up the ugliness).

The hadith states: “No slave covers up the evil of another slave in this world, but Allah will cover up his evil on the Day of Judgment.”

7. So, you must guard against grudges and spite with all your might. If you fall into it, repent immediately and cure your sick heart with the following effective remedies:

First: You should know that envy is harmful in your religion and in this world. As for the harm in this world, then because of envy you are always in trouble and unrest, cloudiness and sadness.

You want to annoy others with your envy, but you are actually annoying yourself. So, the torment that you want for your enemy, actually befalls you, while the blessings of Allah SWT. remain not lost from the person who is the target of your envy.

He said as the poet said:

If they are envious of me, then I do not blame them.

Before me, good people have been subjected to envy.

Stay with me and them what I and they are going through.

Most of us die because of how irritated we feel.

As for the danger in religion, then with envy you dislike the decree of Allah and dislike the good for His servants. By doing so, you do great evil to yourself and commit a great sin, and deserve a painful punishment for it in the Hereafter.

The poet said:

O you who envy my favors, do you know to whom you have done wrong?

You are bad to Allah

Concerning His law because you are displeased with His bounty for me

So, my Lord rewarded you by increasing my favor and covering your requests.

Second: You should treat the person against whom you are envious with the opposite of what the enmity wants. So, force your tongue to praise him and show joy in the blessings of Allah’s favor on him.

Be humble to him and smile in front of him and make excuses to him for not fulfilling his rights. Start greeting him when you meet him. In short, show him affection to the best of your ability. You have to force yourself with this treatment and fight yourself to do that in the beginning, so that his akhu. becomes his behavior and disposition.

By doing so, Insha Allah, your heart will be healthy from envy and you will be loved by the heart of the one who is the target of envy. In addition, your hearts will love each other and as a result, Satan will be humiliated.

It has been mentioned in the hadeeth that man is not free from envy, prejudice and foreboding. However, he should not act according to these three traits.

The Prophet said: “There are three things from which no one escapes: envy, suspicion and foreboding.

Shall I tell you the way out of it? If you envy, do not oppress. If you suspect, do not confirm. And if you have a bad feeling, then go ahead.” That is, do not back out because of a bad feeling from what you want.

If you are pleased with someone’s favor, then ask Allah for it, for Allah is the Most Generous and the Most Giving. Strive to obtain it, for whoever strives, succeeds.

The poet said:

If you are pleased with someone’s qualities then be like him and you get what you are pleased with.

There are no obstacles in your way if you want to achieve greatness and glory.

22. VARIOUS BAD CONSEQUENCES OF ENVY

1. Abdullah bin Ubay bin Salul wanted to be crowned by the Khazrajites and made their king. Then the Messenger of Allah migrated to Medina and failed to crown him. So he envied the Messenger of Allah and harbored enmity against him. He converted to Islam at Iahirnya, when in fact he was among the hypocrites, even their leader.

He harassed the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) with so much harassment that he died a disbeliever. May Allah protect us. Allah forbade His Prophet to pray to him through His words:

“And you shall not pray for the dead among them, nor stand at their graves. Verily, they disbelieved in Allah and His Messenger, and they died unjustly.” (QS. At-Taubah:84) |

Had he not been spiteful, he would have embraced Islam and been a good Muslim, and would have been like the Ansar who defended the religion.

2. This was also the case with the devil. When he envied Adam the choice that Allah had made for him and refused to bow down to him, Allah cursed him until the Day of Resurrection and expelled him from among the angels who were close to Allah and brought him down to the earth. So, he became an example for the disbelievers and the wicked. This was also the case with the Jews and Christians. They knew the truth of the Prophet.

As Aliah Ta’ala says: “Those to whom We have given the book, they recognize him (Muhammad) as they recognize their own children…” (QS. Al-An’am:20).

However, they did not believe in him out of spite. As Allah Ta’ala says: “…. then when what they knew came to them, they denied it. So the curse of Allah is upon those who disbelieve.” (QS. Al-Baqarah:89).

So were the disbelievers of Makkah. Their spiteful nature prevented them from believing, as Allah tells us about them through His words: “And when the truth (Al-Gur’an) came to them, they said: ‘This is magic, and indeed we are those who deny it.'” (QS. Az-Zukhruf:30)

“The disbelievers of the ahl al-bitab and the polytheists do not desire any good to be revealed to you from your Lord. And Allah determines whom He wills (to be given) His mercy (prophethood) and Allah has great bounty.” (QS. Al-Baqarah:105).

3. This kind of malice includes the malice of Qabil, the son of Sayyidina Adam (peace be upon him), towards his brother Habil, and he killed him unjustly. So he was the first man to be killed on this earth.

The hadith states: “No soul is killed wrongfully, except that the first son of Adam bears the sin of the killer, because he was the first to commit murder.”

It also states: “Whoever sets an example of good deeds in Islam, then he bears his reward and the reward of those who follow him without diminishing their reward in the slightest. And whoever sets an example of bad deeds in Islam, then he bears his sin and the sin of those who follow him without diminishing their sin in the slightest.”

23. GHIBAH (SPEAKING ILL OF OTHERS)

1. Gossip is one of the greatest verbal defects and a grave sin. It has great dangers, as it stirs up the fire of slander and breaks the bonds of harmony and love between people.

The meaning of gossip is mentioned in a hadith: “Do you know what gossip is?” They replied: “Allah and His Messenger know better.” The Prophet said: “When you call your brother by an attribute that he dislikes.” Someone said: “What would you think if my brother had what I said?”

The Prophet replied: “If there is anything in what you say, then you have backbitten him. If there is nothing in what you say, then you have slandered him (lied to him).”

Gossiping is done by mentioning faults in the gossiped-about person’s religion, body, lineage or character, and in every attribute attributed to him up to his clothes and house. This can be done by word, writing, gesture or imitation, for example, walking behind a lame person under the pretense of a limp.

2. The harm of gossip and the warnings and threats against it have been mentioned in verses and hadiths. Among them, Allah, may He be exalted, says: “Woe to every slanderer and backbiter.” (QS. Al Humazah:1). That is, the one who backbites a lot.

Allah likens the culprit to the eater of carrion. Hence, Allah says: “…. and let not some of you backbite others. Would one of you eat the flesh of his dead brother? Then surely you would be disgusted with him…” (QS. Al-Hujurat:12).

The Prophet said: “Do not backbite people, for backbiting is worse than adultery. Sometimes a person who commits adultery repents, and Allah accepts his repentance. But the one who gossips will not have his sins forgiven until the one he gossiped about forgives him.”

3. He also said: “When I mi’raj, I passed by a people who had copper nails and clawed their faces and chests. Then I said: ‘Who are they, O Gabriel?’ Gabriel replied: ‘Those who eat the flesh of others and revile their honor’.”

Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) reported: I said to the Prophet. “It is enough for you that Shafiyah (one of the Prophet’s wives) had such and such characteristics.” .

A narrator said: The meaning is short. So the Prophet (peace be upon him) said: “You have spoken words that if they were mixed with sea water, they would stain it.” This means that it spoils and changes its smell.

Jabir ibn ‘Abdillah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: “We were with the Messenger of Allah when a foul wind blew.” So the Messenger of Allah asked: “Do you know what this wind is? It is the wind of those who backbite the believers.”

In another hadith: “Whoever eats his brother’s meat in this world, it will be served to him on the Day of Judgment. Then it will be said to him: Eat it dead, as you ate it alive. So he eats it and frowns and cries out.”

4. There are many reasons that lead to gossip, including. A. When one is angry with someone and wants to vent his anger against him, so he backbites him. If he is unable to do that, his anger stays in his heart and becomes resentment. Because of this grudge, he always backbites others.

1. If he attends a gathering and the people therein gossip about someone, so that he joins them in disobedience, out of politeness and fear that they will be disappointed in him and turn against him, if he rebukes them or leaves their gathering.

1. Arrogance. A proud person usually belittles and mocks others and insults them, either explicitly or sarcastically. For example, he says: So-and-so is stupid and ignorant. To state that he is a clever and intelligent person.

1. Envy, because he does not like people to praise others. So he reproaches them in their presence so that they will not love and respect him.

1. Spends time in laughter and nonsense, so that he jests by denouncing the honor of others.

5. Gossip is easy to say, because it is often done and becomes a habit. Hence, see how many people do not avoid this great sin. So, you will not find most gatherings except that they are full of gossip, especially among women, because gossip is fun and entertainment for them. So beware of this widespread habit, so that you may be saved in this world and the next and live a happy life.

If you do not find a righteous friend, you should be alone, so that you will be safe from gossip.

The hadith explains: “Being alone is better than bad company, while good company is better than being alone.”

Comfort yourself by obeying your Lord and reading your books, for therein lies salvation and good fortune.

Al-Mutanabbi (may Allah have mercy on him) said:

The noblest place in the world is the back of one who swims and the best seat companion at all times is the book.

6. Guard your tongue, for as a wise man said: “Small in form, but great in sin.”

The poet said:

O mankind, guard your tongue,

Don’t let it sting you, because it’s a snake.

Many people in the grave are killed because of their tongues.

Though many brave people are afraid to face it.

If you hear backbiting against a Muslim, then defend him and prevent the backbiter from continuing his gossip, and cut off his talk and talk about other matters.

In the hadith it is explained: “Whoever .defends the honor of his brother, Allah will reject hellfire from his face on the Day of Judgment.”

In another hadith: “Whoever hears a believer being insulted nearby and does not defend him when he could, Allah will insult him in front of the creation on the Day of Judgment.”

If you: cannot defend him, then either deny the gossip with your heart or leave the assembly. Beware of remaining silent or showing agreement with the gossiper, thus becoming his ally in sin. As in the hadith: “The listener is one of the backbiters.”

7. Inward gossip, which is called prejudice (su’udzan), is also forbidden. For example, if someone walks in front of you and does not greet you or your friend does not visit you, so that you think that they are not fulfilling your rights: acting arrogantly towards you so that your heart moves away from them: someone praises you, but you interpret his praise as mockery and mockery of you: or two people whisper, then you think that they are badmouthing you.

Sometimes you ask for something from a friend or neighbor, and he objects to giving it to you, so you think he is miserly, does not like to help you or hides hatred for you, and other examples. All of these are haram.

Allah says: “O you who believe, avoid most prejudices; indeed, some prejudices are sins.” (QS. Al-Hujurat: 12).

The hadith states: “Two qualities that are not surpassed by any good thing are having good thoughts of Allah and His slaves. The two qualities that are not surpassed by any bad thing are prejudice against Allah and His slaves.”

8. Sometimes it is permissible to gossip for righteous purposes according to religious law, and it is not possible to achieve these purposes except by doing so. This is done in cases of necessity, just as it is permissible to eat carrion.

Allah says: “…except what you are compelled to eat…” (QS. Al-An’am:119).

It is not for the purpose of spite and defaming the honor of others. In this case there are six reasons:

First: When the wronged person complains to the ruler (judge), for example, to defend his rights against that person, or the student complains to the teacher about his friend who took his book, for example, so that he returns the book. Or a debtor complains about his debtor and his delay in payment to the one who can recover his rights from him.

The hadith explains: “Verily, the owner of the right may speak.”

In another hadith: “The procrastination of the one who is able to pay his debts makes it permissible to offend his honor and punish him.” That is, the person who owes the money may say: “The debtor wronged me.” This makes it permissible for him to be punished with imprisonment and takzir (whipping). This is done by the ruler.

A man visited a people, but they did not receive him well. After leaving, he ‘spoke of the badness of their treatment openly. Allah, the Almighty, revealed: “Allah does not like bad speech, except by those who are wronged. Allah is All-hearing, All-knowing.” (QS. AnNisa’:148).

Secondly: If he uses gossip to remove evil, then he says to someone who is able to dissuade the sinner from his sin: So-and-so is doing this, so prevent him from doing that, and so on.

Third: If he asks the mufti (fatwa giver or religious judge), for example, So-and-so is mistreating me, is it permissible for him to do so? How can I escape from his oppression? This ruling is permissible. But it is better not to mention his name.

It was narrated from Hindun bint Utbah that she said to the Prophet: “Verily Abu Sufyan is a miser and does not give me enough for me and my children, except what I take from him, and he does not know.” Then the Prophet said: “Take what is sufficient for you and your children in a good way.”

Fourth: When one warns a Muslim against evil: If a Muslim seeks advice about entering into a partnership with someone, entrusting him with a trust, dealing with him, or anything else, then it is obligatory upon the advisor to disclose his situation to the one seeking advice. In addition, he should mention his faults according to his needs for the sole purpose of advice. The hadeeth states: “The advisor is charged with a trust.”

Fifth: When one aims to introduce someone to him, not with the intention of annoying or demeaning, by saying: So-and-so is lame, cross-eyed or bleary-eyed, if that is what he is called. If it is possible to introduce him by something other than that, then that is better than being safe.

Sixth: If a person is openly displaying his wickedness and innovation, for example, if he openly drinks alcohol, eats usury and plays gambling. It is permissible to mention these sins, because it is permissible to do so, as stated in the hadeeth: “The one who puts a garment of shame over himself will not be gossiped about.” In another hadeeth: “Do you object to mentioning the fajir? Mention his ugliness so that people will recognize him, mention his characteristics so that people will be wary of him.”

In another hadith: “A man asked the Prophet for permission to enter. So he said: Let him in. He is the worst person among his family.’ When the man entered, the Prophet spoke gently to him, then he said: “O ‘Ā’ishah, indeed the worst of men are those who are honored for avoiding their evil.”

9. The one who gossips must regret and repent. There are four conditions for repentance from gossip, like other sins, namely: Regret in the heart, quitting the sin, resolving not to commit the sin again and asking to be forgiven from the person he gossiped about by apologizing and being generous.

In the hadith, it is explained: “Whoever has a claim on his brother’s honor or property, let him ask to be compensated for it before the day comes when there will be neither dinars nor dirhams, but his good deeds will be taken from him. If he has no good deeds, he will take from the sins of his friend and add to his sins.”

If the gossip is absent or dead, and there is no way that he can be forgiven, then he should increase his prayers and istighfar (asking for forgiveness) for him and increase his good deeds.

24. EVIDENCE OF THE DANGERS OF GOSSIP

1. Companion Anas ra. said: The Messenger of Allah (saw) ordered the people to fast one day. Then. he said: “Let no one break his fast until I give him permission.” So the people fasted, until in the evening a man came and said: “O Messenger of Allah, I am still fasting, so give me permission to break my fast.” So, he gave him permission.

Then a man came and said: “O Messenger of Allah, two daughters of my family are fasting and they are too shy to come to you. So please allow them to break their fast.” So the Messenger of Allah turned away from him. Then the man came again and said: “O Messenger of Allah, by Allah, these two women are dead or dying.” Then the Messenger of Allah said: “Bring them to me.” So the two girls came, and the Messenger of Allah asked for a glass, after which he said to one of them: “Spit it out.” So she vomited pus, blood and a mixture of pus and blood that filled the glass. Then the Prophet said to another woman: “Spit it out.” So she vomited. Then the Prophet said:

“Indeed, these two girls fast from what Allah has forbidden them and break their fast with what Allah has forbidden them. One sits facing the other and is always eating people’s flesh (backbiting).”

2. It was narrated from Imam Hasan Al-Bashri (may Allah have mercy on him) that a man said to him: “So-and-so has backbitten you.” So he sent dates on a tray. Imam Hasan said: “It has come to me that you rewarded me with your ‘kindness’, so I wanted to reciprocate. Forgive me, for I cannot repay you fully.”

25. SNITCHING AND REPORTING TO THE AUTHORITIES

1. Namimah, which is the passing on of one person’s words to another with the aim of causing damage and slander between them. Namimah is a major sin because it causes great damage and is more severe than gossip.

Allah, the Almighty, says: “And do not follow those who swear much and are despicable. Those who revile, and those who go back and forth in slander.” (QS. Al-Qalam:10-11).

The Prophet said: “The whistle-blower will not enter Paradise.”

The Prophet also said: “The most beloved of Allah among you are those with the best manners, those who humble themselves, who love and are loved. Indeed, the most hated by Allah among you are those who walk in disputes, who divide among brothers and love to find fault with the innocent.”

He also said: “Indeed, namimah and revenge are in hell. They do not meet in the heart of a Muslim.”

The Messenger of Allah passed by two graves. Then he said: “Verily those two men are being tortured and they think they are not being tortured for committing a major sin. Indeed, it is a grave sin. That is, one of them walked around pitting people against each other, while the other did not purify his limbs from his urine.”

2. Yahya bin Aktham said: The backbiter is worse than the envious one. The backbiter does in a moment what the sorcerer does not do in a month.

It is said: The act of backbiting is more dangerous than that of the devil, because the devil’s work is done by delusion and temptation, whereas the act of backbiting is done by facing and looking. It is said: The torment of the grave is in three parts: One third for gossip, one third for not being pure from urine and one third for namimah.

3. Do not engage in si’aayah, which is speaking to people who are feared for their violence, such as rulers and leaders. It is intended to persuade them to harm the person mentioned by imprisoning, killing or confiscating his property. Si’aayah is more heinous than namimah and its sin is doubled.

The hadith states: “Whoever denounces an innocent person to the ruler is not a halal child.”

Even worse than a backbiter is one who has two tongues and two faces. That is, one who conveys the words of two people who are hostile to each other from one to the other, while namimah is conveying the words of one party only.

The Prophet said: “Whoever has two faces in this world will have two tongues from hellfire on the Day of Judgment.”

He also said: “You will find the most evil people on the Day of Resurrection in the sight of Allah, those who have two faces who come to this party with one face and come to that party with the other face.”

4. If you are harassed by a namimah perpetrator, then pay attention to the following six things:

First: Do not believe him, because the perpetrator of namimah is unfaithful and his testimony is rejected.

Allah says: “O you who believe, if a wicked person comes to you with news, then examine it carefully so as not to inflict a calamity on a people without knowing their circumstances, causing you to regret what you have done.” (QS. Al-Hujurat:6).

A man came to Sayyidina ‘Ali ibn Hussein (peace be upon him) and told him what others had said about him. So he said: “Let us go to him.” Then Sayyidina Ali went with him, while the man assumed that Sayyidina Ali would defend him. When they reached him, Sayyidina Ali said: “O my brother, if what you say about me is true, then may Allah forgive my sins. If it is a lie, may Allah forgive your sins.”

Secondly: You should hate it for the sake of Allah, and you must hate those whom Allah hates. How could it not be, when the habit of the person who commits namimah is lying and gossip, cheating and betrayal, his behavior is envy and corruption between people. The one who commits namimah is an enemy to you. He has muddied the waters and tried to divide between you and your lovers and dared to abuse you.

The poet said:

Whoever tells you that someone cursed you is the one who cursed you, not the one who cursed you. It is something he did not do to you that is wrong with the one who told you.

Why doesn’t he defend you if he is right to do so near your persecutor.

As the perpetrator of namimah, is passing on what others say to you: he also passes on what you say to others.

Imam Hasan Al-Bashri (may Allah have mercy on him) said: “Whoever slanders you will surely be slandered by others.”

The poet said:

Do not accept the namimah that is delivered to you and beware of the one who delivers it to you. Indeed, the one who conveys the namimah to you will do what he has designed.

Another poet said:

Whoever commits namimah against people, his friends will not be safe from his harassment and will not be safe from his evil.

Third: You should enjoin the abandonment of namimah and forbid it. Allah says: “And urge people to do what is good and prevent them from doing what is evil …” (Sūrat Luqman:17).

Fourthly. Do not speak ill of your absent brother, for this is haraam, and does not arise except from those who act badly.

As Mutanabbi (may Allah have mercy on him) said: When a person’s deeds are bad, his suspicions are bad and he believes in his usual suspicions.

He antagonized his lovers with the words of his enemies and fell into the darkness of doubt.

Fifth: Do not spy on your brother and do not investigate the truth of what he says, as Allah says: “… and do not find fault with others …” (al-Hujurat:12).

Sixth: Do not tell anyone what the perpetrator of namimah said, so that you do not become a perpetrator of namimah and gossip, so that you fall into something that is forbidden to you.

5. Even if the namimah perpetrator’s words are true, the truth is bad. A wise man said: “The truth adorns everyone, except those who complain about an innocent person to the ruler. Such people are most despicable and sinful if they are right.”

26. HOW THE PERPETRATORS OF NAMIMAH DO DAMAGE

1. It is said that a man died of his sister. When she was buried, from the man’s pocket fell a piece of gold that he was carrying. Then, one night he returned and uncovered it. As it turned out, the grave was full of fire. Then he returned to his mother and said: “Tell me, what evil did my sister do in the past?” His mother replied: “I do not know of any evil except that she went out at night and listened to what people were doing at the doors of the neighbors and spoke namimah with that talk, so that there was fitnah among them because of that.” So the man said: “That is why.” Then he told his mother about his sister’s situation.

2. Hammad bin Salamah-rahimahullah said: A man sold a slave. He said to the buyer: “He has no defect, except namimah.” The buyer said: “I agree.” So he bought him and stayed with him a few days.

Then the slave said to his master’s wife: “Verily my master does not love his mistress and he wants to marry a slave girl. So take a razor and shave off a few hairs from his back while he sleeps, so that you can bewitch him, and he will love you.

Then the slave said to his master: . “Behold, your wife has a fiancé and he wants to kill you. So pretend to sleep, until you know what she has done.” Then the master pretended to sleep. Then the woman came with a razor. The master thought that his wife was going to kill him, so he got up and killed her.

After that, the wife’s family came and killed her husband. Thus, there was bloodshed between the two tribes, and this was the result of “namimah”.

3. A man complained about someone to ‘Umar ibn ‘Abdul Aziz (may Allah have mercy on him). Then Umar said to him: “This man, if you wish, we will examine your case. Therefore, if you lie, then you come under the ruling of the following verse: ‘O you who believe, when a wicked man comes to you with news, examine it carefully …” (Al-Hujurat:6).

If you are telling the truth, then you come under the ruling of the following verse: ‘The one who reproaches much, who goes to and fro in slander’ (al-Qalam:11). So the man was silent and could not give an answer.

4. Bakr bin Abdullah said: There was a man who liked to go to a king. Then he stood before the king and said: “Do good to the one who does good because of his goodness. For, the one who does bad will have his badness fulfilled.” So a man resented him for this position and talk, and complained to the king. He said: “The man who stood before you and spoke these words thinks that you have a bad smell in your mouth.”

Then the king asked him: “How can that be evident to me?” The man answered: “Call him to the Lord. If he comes near, he must put his hand over his nose, so as not to smell the stench.” Then the king commanded him: “Go, until I investigate.” Then he went out from the king’s place, called the man into his house, and gave him food containing garlic.

After that, he went out of the man’s house and stood before the king according to his custom. Then the man said: “Do good to the doer of good for good’s sake, for the doer of evil will be repaid for his evil.”

Then the king said to him: “Come near to me.” So, he came closer to him, putting his hand over his mouth for fear that the king would smell the garlic. The king said to himself: “I believe that so-and-so is telling the truth.”

Usually, when the king writes a letter, he always stipulates (gives) a gift or compensation. Then the king wrote to one of his officers: “When the bearer of my letter comes to you, slaughter him and fill his skin with earth, and send him to me.” The man took the letter and went out. Then he met the person who had complained about him. The man asked: “What is this letter?” The man answered: “The king wrote for me to give compensation.” The man said: “It is for you.” Then he brought it to the officer. So the officer said: “In your letter, I was ordered to slaughter and skin you. The king’s letter is inviolable.”

Finally, he slaughtered it and skinned it and filled its skin with sand, then sent it to the king. After that the man returned to the king and spoke his words as usual. The king was astonished and asked: “What happened to the letter?” The man replied: “So-and-so met me and asked me for the letter. So I gave it to him.” The king said: “He told me that you think my mouth stinks.” The man said: “I did not say that.” The king asked: “Why did you put your hand over your mouth?” The man replied: “Because he gave me food with garlic in it. So I don’t like you kissing it.” The king said: “Go back to your place. It is enough for the evildoer to be rewarded for his evil.” Then the king rewarded him with a lot of money.

27. CONCLUDING REMARKS : GENERAL ADVICE I

O beloved child!

1. Indeed, you are living in a time when those who practice their religion are like those who hold burning coals, as mentioned in the hadith. So you should hold on to your religion in all circumstances and be patient with it, like the patience of the strong. You should take great care of this blessing, which is the greatest of blessings, namely the blessing of Islam and faith. So do not neglect any of the commandments of your religion, even in the most difficult times.

Do not be afraid of any of the deviants and misguided people and the callers to disbelief and atheism. Keep away from their gatherings and do not listen to their false propaganda or read their attractive books, for they are murderous poisons. They have fabricated them to undermine the Muslims’ beliefs and corrupt their morals and customs.

2. You should strengthen your faith and strengthen your conviction. This can be done by reading the Qur’an, books of tafseer and hadith, and the books of counseling scholars. You should sit with scholars of knowledge and righteous and pious people, so that you may be happy in this world and the Hereafter.

You should strive to acquire useful knowledge and do all you can to improve your character and purify your soul, while you still have the opportunity and are young. If the opportunity is lost, then you will bite your finger in regret, and regret will not avail you, even if you cry until you bleed.

Know that one day you will leave this mortal realm for the afterlife. So, check what you have prepared for your tomorrow,

Allah says: “O you who believe, fear Allah and let each one of you consider what he has done for tomorrow …” (al-Hasr:18).

3. Perform your duties towards God, the Prophet, your father and mother, your teachers, all your relatives and neighbors, and your countrymen and all people. Also fulfill your duties towards religion, language, school, study, trade and industry and your other occupations, if you are a merchant or a worker.

Indeed, the performance of obligations calms the soul and causes people to gain full trust among the people and causes happiness among the members of society. The opposite is not fulfilling obligations, for it removes people’s trust, brings down their standing, and causes chaos and corruption and misery at all levels.

4. Think about your future. Know that you don’t stay in childhood with an empty mind and your spending fulfilled. Then, one day, you will enter the waves of life and be burdened with taking care of the maslahat (interests) of yourself and your family.

At that time, choose a noble occupation for yourself. Do not abandon your work so that you rely on others. Even though the sustenance has already been distributed, you must try to find it, because movement can lead to blessings.

In the hadith of Sayyidina Umar (ra): “Indeed, I do not like to see anyone among you wasted, whether in the work of this world or the hereafter.” He also said: “Let not one of you be lazy in seeking sustenance, then he says: ‘O Allah give me sustenance.’ He knows that the heavens do not rain down gold or silver, and that Allah, the Almighty, provides for people, some of them from some of them.” Then he recited the words of Allah, may He be glorified and exalted: “When the prayer has been offered, then spread yourselves over the earth, and seek the bounty of Allah, and remember Allah much, that you may prosper.” (Al-Jumu’ah:10).

5. Cultivate in your hearts the traits of mercy and compassion for people and animals, so that God will have mercy on you.

The hadith explains: “Love the creatures of the earth, and you will be loved by the creatures of the heavens. Whoever does not love, will not be loved.”

“Mercy is not taken away except from the miserable.”

“Whoever has mercy, even on a slaughtered bird, Allah will have mercy on him.”

There are many people in this world who are weak and poor, destitute and difficult, orphans and the sick, women and old men, ignorant and confused. Help them to the best of your ability, whether it is with your knowledge, wealth, mind or position to help someone fulfill their needs.

Allah Ta’ala says: “Whoever gives good intercession, (he will have his share of the reward). And whoever gives bad intercession, he will bear his share of the sin …” (QS. An Nisa’:85)”.

“The Prophet said: “Give help, and you will be rewarded.”

If you do good to others, they will do good to you in your time of need. And indeed, he who is strong today will be weak tomorrow.

Whoever experiences youth, will also reach old age. He who is rich is not safe from becoming poor. As you give a debt, so shall you be given a debt.

The poet said:

Do good to people and you will enslave their hearts. People are often enslaved by kindness.

Be ye a helper in trouble to him that hopeeth in your mercy: for a free man loveth to help.

Another poet said:

Whoever does good does not exhaust his reward. The good between Allah and man does not cease.

GENERAL ADVICE II

1. Beware of everything that harms you. Don’t underestimate something that is dangerous, even though many people are used to doing it. Like smoking cigarettes. Some kids think that smoking is a sign of manhood. So, they smoke them, not knowing the many dangers. Among other things: Cigarettes weaken the heart, inhibit body growth, eliminate appetite, harm the lungs and cause pale face color.

In fact, it is a slow poison. Its dangers appear after some time, especially in old age. Hence, doctors are unanimous, at all times and places to investigate its various dangers and it is the cause of cancer. So, avoid smoking as much as possible to preserve your health from diseases and preserve your wealth from waste. Do not be deceived by the devil and start smoking, even if it is a little, because it can become a lot. Then it becomes a firm habit that is difficult to give up, just as it is said of drinking wine. At the first glass (remembering the taste of pleasure). .

2. You should be very wary of approaching adultery, alcohol and gambling. These things lead to corruption and ruin, the collapse of households and the severe punishment of Hell in the Hereafter.

Allah Ta’ala says: “… and do not approach abominable deeds, whether they are apparent or hidden …” (QS. Al-An’am: 151).

“And do not approach adultery; indeed, adultery is an abominable deed. And a bad way.” (QS. Al-isra’:32).

“O you who believe, verily (drinking) wine, gambling, (sacrificing to) idols and casting lots with arrows, are abominable deeds of the devil. So avoid them so that you may have good fortune.

Verily, the devil intends to stir up enmity and hatred among you by reason of drinking and gambling, and to prevent you from remembering Allah and praying, so stop doing that.” (QS. Al-Maidah:90-91).

How many who were originally healthy have become sick, their minds have changed, their morals have become corrupt, households have collapsed (divorced), families have fallen apart and property has been lost because of destructive evil deeds. So, avoid these deeds as far as possible and avoid the perpetrators more than avoiding the sufferers:

infectious diseases. These abominable evils have spread in a time of fitnah.

May Allah save us and all Muslims from this despicable act, for it causes harm in this world and the next. May Allah protect us from it. That is the real loss.

3. Learn Arabic and love it from your heart and speak it. Spread the Arabic language among your family and kindred and others. Buy Arabic, for it is the language of religion. Allah Ta’ala has chosen it over other languages and revealed the Qur’an Al-Karim in that language.

Allah says: “Indeed We have made the Qur’an in Arabic so that you may understand it.” (QS. Az-Zukhrutf:3).

If you see a Muslim making fun of the Arabic language, then advise him and tell him that making fun of the Arabic language causes hatred of the Messenger, and hatred of the Messenger causes kufr. It is mentioned in the hadith:

“O Salman, don’t hate me so much that you abandon your religion.” I asked: “O Messenger of Allah, how can I hate you, when Allah guides me with you?” The Prophet said: “Do not hate the Arabs, for that is the same as you hating me. Whoever deceives the Arabs will not have my peace and will not have my love.”

The Prophet (peace be upon him) commanded us to love the Arabs, as he said: “Love the Arabs for three things: Because I am an Arab, the Qur’an is in Arabic and the speech of the dwellers of Paradise is Arabic.”

4. You should also love the family of the Prophet (peace be upon him), his Companions and the scholars who practiced his teachings and the righteous saints. They are the ones who fought in defense of the religion and conveyed the Qur’an and the hadiths of the leaders of the messengers, to us.

Love for them strengthens faith and maintains it, whereas hatred for them weakens it, and may even make it disappear. The hadith explains: “Hatred of the Hashimites and Anshar leads to disbelief, while hatred of the Arabs shows hypocrisy.”

In another hadith: “Preserve me through my companions, do not make them a target (of abuse) after my death. Whoever loves them loves me, and I love them. And whoever hates them hates me and I hate them.”

The hadith also states: “By Allah, faith will not enter a person’s heart until he loves me for the sake of Allah and loves my relatives.”

It says: “Honor the scholars, for they are the heirs of the Prophets. So whoever honors them has honored Allah and His Messenger.”

If we hate them and do not honor them or follow their ways, then we have wasted our religion. This is what the enemies of Islam want, who have put all their energy into distancing the Muslims from their predecessors who have gone before them.

They often vilify the image of these Imams among the later Muslims, in order to insult and hate them so as to easily expel them from the religion. May Allah protect us from this obvious calamity.

Allah says: “O our Lord, forgive us and our brothers who have believed before us, and do not allow malice in our hearts against those who believe. O our Lord, indeed You are Oft-Merciful, Most Merciful.” (QS. Al-Hasyr:10).

5. You must also love all your fellow Muslim brothers. Allah ta’ala says: “Verily, the believers are brothers ….” (QS. Al-Hujurat:10).

The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: “A believer is like a building for other believers, who strengthen one another.

The example of believers in terms of mutual love and compassion is like a body. If one of its members complains, then the rest of the body complains, sleeplessness and fever. A Muslim is the brother of a Muslim. He should not betray him, deceive him, or abandon him. It is unlawful for a Muslim to harm his honor, property and blood.

Piety is here. It is a crime for a person to insult his Muslim brother. None of you has faith until he loves his brother as he loves himself.”

This concludes the book Al-Akhlaq Li Al-Banin (Moral Guidance for Your Sons). So, you should read and understand its contents and put them into practice. After that, read books of a higher level, for example, An-Nashaaihid. Diiniyyah, AdDa’watut Taammah, by Al-Imam Al-Habib Abdullah Al-Haddad, Adabud Dun-yaa wad Diin, by Imam Al-Mawardi, Ihya’Ulumuddiin, by Imam Al-Ghazali, Riyadhush Shalihiin, by Imam An-Nawawi, and other useful books.

May Allah bless you and help you forever, and make you a defender of Islam and improve all your affairs.” Wassalam.

May Allah shower blessings and peace upon our lord, the Prophet Muhammad, his family and companions.

Praise be to God, the Lord of all worlds. Retrieved from