AL-BINA’ WaL ASAS
Note that there are 35 chapters of tashrif, six of which are for tsulatsi mujarrad.
1. CHAPTER ONE
The same as the wazan is and the sign is ‘ain fi’il maftuh (marked fathah) in fi’il maadhi and marked dhommah in fi’il mudhaari’. In general, this form of fi’il is a muta’addi fi’il and sometimes a common fi’il.
Examples of ffi’il muta’addi are: (Zaid helped Amru)
Examples of common phrases such as: (Zaid came out).
Fi’il muta’addi is the fi’il (action) of the fa’il (actor) that extends to the maf ul bihi (object of suffering). Whereas fi’il lazim is ffi’il (action) fa’il (actor) which does not extend to maf ‘ul bihi (object of suffering), but occurs in itself.
2. SECOND CHAPTER
What is similar to the wazannya is that the ‘ain of the fi’il is marked fathah in maadhi fi’il and marked kasroh in mudhaari fi’il. In general, the use of this /fi’il is as a muta ‘addi fi’il and sometimes a common fi’il.
Examples of fi ‘il muta ‘addi are: (Zaid hit Amru).
Examples of common fi’il are: (Zaid sat down).
3. CHAPTER THREE
The same as the wazan is the sign that the ‘ain of the fi’il is marked with fathah in both maadhi and mudhaari’ fi’ils, provided that the ‘ain of the fi’il or Jaam is one of the six halg letters: and In general, this fr’il is used as a muta’addi fr’il and sometimes a common fi’il.
Examples of muta’addi fi’il are: (Zaid opened the door).
Examples of common fi’il are: (Zaid left).
4. FOURTH CHAPTER
What is similar to the wazan is that the ain of the fi’il is marked kasroh in the maadhi fi’il and marked fathah in the mudhaar fi’il. The use of the fi’il form is also generally as fril muta’addi and sometimes fr’il lazim.
Examples of muta’addi fi’il are: (Zaid was aware of the matter).
Examples of common fi’il are: (Zaid was afraid).
5. FIFTH CHAPTER
What is the same with the wazannya is that the “ain fi’il is marked with dhommah in maadhi fi’il and fril mudhaari’. This fi’il is used only as a common fi’il. For example: (Zaid became good).
6. CHAPTER SIX
What is similar to the wazan is that the ‘ain of the fi’il is marked kasroh in fi’il maadhi and fi’il mudhaari’. The use of the fi’il form is also generally as fi’il muta’addi and sometimes fi’il lazim.
Examples of muta’addi fi’il are: (Zaid thought Amru was a noble man).
And examples of common fi’il, such as: (Zaid became the heir).
And twelve of them are for fi’ils that are more than tsulaatsi, which are three kinds: The first type: those in which one letter is added to the fi’il tsulaatsi, which is three chapters:
7. CHAPTER SEVEN
First chapter: The same as the wazan is the sign that the fi’il maadhinya consists of four letters with a hamzah added at the beginning.
This fi’il is generally used as a muta’addi fi’il and sometimes as a common fi’il.
Examples of muta’addi fi’il are: (Zaid honored Amru).
And examples of common fi’il such as: (That person was in the morning).
8. CHAPTER EIGHT
Second chapter: What is the same as the wazan is the sign that the fi’il maadhinya consists of four letters with an additional letter between and from the type of fi’il. It is used to indicate a lot. It is sometimes found in fi’ils, such as: (Zaid circumambulated the Kaaba). It is sometimes found in fa’il, such as and can also be found in maful, such as: (Zaid closed the door).
9. CHAPTER NINTH
Third chapter: The same as the wazan is . The sign is that the fril maadhinya consists of four letters with an additional Alif between and Its use is for actions between two parties in general. Sometimes it applies to one person.
Examples of joint actions between two parties such as:
Example for one person such as:
The second type is one in which two letters are added to the fi’il rsulatsi and consists of five chapters.
10. CHAPTER TENTH
First chapter: The same as the wazan is . The sign is that the fi’il maadhinya consists of five letters with the addition of hamzah and nuun at the beginning. The use of this form of fi’il is to indicate muthawa’ah. The meaning of muthawa’ah is the result of an action that happens to the maful.
Such as: (I break the glass, and it breaks). The breaking of the glass is the result of the actor breaking the glass.
11. CHAPTER ELEVEN
Chapter two: . The same wazan is like (gathered). The sign is that the fi’il maadhinya consists of five letters with a hamzah at the beginning and a taa’ between and
The fi’il form is also used for muthawa’ah such as: (I gathered the camels, so the camels gathered).
12. TWELFTH CHAPTER
Third chapter: The same as its wazan is (to be red). The sign is that the fi’il maadhinya consists of five letters with a hamzah added at the beginning and a letter of the Laam type of the fi’il at the end.
The use of this form of fi’il is to enhance the meaning of the regular fi’il. Some say to show color and disgrace.
Examples of colors such as: (Zaid became red (in the face)).
Examples of disgrace include: (Zaid lost an eye).
13. THIRTEENTH CHAPTER
Fourth chapter: The same wazan is like . The sign is that the maadi fi’il consists of five letters with an extra Taa’ at the beginning and another letter of the “Ain fi’il type between and and the use of this fril form for takalluf. The meaning of takalluf is to produce something that is sought after little by little. Like: (I study knowledge), i.e. one problem after another.
14. FOURTEENTH CHAPTER
Chapter five: . The same wazan is like . The sign is that the fi’il maadhinya consists of five letters with the addition of Taa’ at the beginning and Alif between and The use of this form of fi’il is for joint actions between two or more people.
Examples of joint actions between two people such as: (Zaid moved away from Amru).
Examples of joint actions between two or more people are: (The people reconciled with each other).
The third type: Fi’ils that have three letters added to the Tsulatsi and consist of four chapters.
15. FIFTEENTH CHAPTER
First chapter: The same wazannya is like The sign is that the fi’il maadhinya consists of six letters with the addition of Hamzah, Siin and Taa’ at the beginning. The use of this form of fi’il is generally as fi’il muta’addi and sometimes fril lazim.
Examples of muta’addi are: (Zaid spent money).
Examples of common fi’il are: (The clay became hard).
Some say: To ask for deeds such as: i.e. I ask forgiveness from Allah .
16. SIXTEENTH CHAPTER
Second chapter: Its Mauzun (which is the same as its wazan) is . The sign is that the fi’il maadhinya consists of six letters with the addition of a hamzah at the beginning and another letter of the type of “Ain fi’il and Waawu between and The use of this form of fi’il is to increase the common fi’il, because it is said: when it grows on the earth. And it is said: when there are many plants on the earth.
17. SEVENTEENTH CHAPTER
Chapter three: . The same wazannya is The sign is that the fi’il maadhinya consists of six letters with the addition of a hamzah at the beginning and two waawu between and The use of this form of fi’il is also to improve the common fi’il, because l . . . it is said: when the camel runs fast. And it is said: when the camel runs very fast.
18. EIGHTEENTH CHAPTER
Fourth chapter: The same as the wazan is . The sign is that the fi’il maadhinya consists of six letters with the addition of a hamzah at the beginning and an Alif between and and another letter of the Laam type of the fi’il at the end. The use of this form of fr’il is to enhance the usual fr’il. However, this chapter is deeper in meaning than the chapter , because it says: when it has a red color. And it says: when it has a very red color. And it says: 253 when it has more red color.
19. NINETEENTH CHAPTER
Another chapter for like The same wazan is like The sign is that the fi’il maadhinya consists of four letters and all the letters are original. the use of the Fi’il form is generally as fi’il muta’addi and sometimes fi’il lazim. ,
Examples of muta’addi are like: (Zaid rolled a stone).
Examples of common fi’il include:
The other six chapters are to be categorized and these six chapters are called
20. TWENTIETH CHAPTER
First chapter: . Which is the same as . . the wazannya is The sign is that the pill maadhinya consists of four letters with the addition of Waawu between Ari) and . This form of fi’il is used for common fi’il such as:
21. TWENTY-FIRST CHAPTER
Second chapter: The same as the wazan is . The sign is that the muidh fril consists of four letters with an additional Yaa’ between and . The use of this form of fi’il is as a muta’addi fi’il only, such as: (Zaid treated the animal).
Third chapter: The same as the wazan is the sign that the fril maadhinya consists of four letters with the addition of Waawu between and the use of the fi’il form is also as fi’il muta’addi.
Example: (Zaid read Al-Our’an aloud).
23. TWENTY-THIRD CHAPTER
Fourth chapter: The same as the wazan is the sign that the fi’il maadhinya consists of four letters with an additional Yaa’ between and
The use of this form of fi’il is as a common f”il.
Example: (Zaid appears).
24. TWENTY-FOURTH CHAPTER
Chapter five: . The same as the wazan is the sign that the fi’il maadhinya consists of four letters with an additional letter of the Laam type of the fi’il at the end.
The use of this fr’il form is as fr’il muta’addi only.
Example: Zayd wears a headscarf (airy dress).
25. TWENTY-FIFTH CHAPTER
Sixth chapter: The same as the wazan is the sign that the fi’il maadhinya consists of four letters with an additional Yaa’ at the end. The use of this form of fi’il is as a common fi’il only.
Example: lying on his back. These six chapters are classified as Ruba’iy. This means that they are similar in terms of their masdar, i.e. mulhag and al-mulhaq bihi. Three of them are beyond the Ruba’iy mujarrad and are of two kinds.
26. TWENTY-SIXTH CHAPTER
The first kind: Those in which one letter is added to the Ruba’iy mujarrad and there is only one chapter. Wazan: The one that corresponds to the wazan is the sign that the fi’il maadhinya consists of five letters with the addition of Taa’ at the beginning. The use of this form of fr’il is for muthawa’ah.
Example: (I rolled the stone, and it rolled).
The second type: Fi’il to which two letters are added for Ruba’iy and there are two chapters:
27. TWENTY-SEVENTH CHAPTER
First chapter: The same as the wazan is . The sign is that the fi’il maadhinya consists of six letters with the addition of Hamzah at the beginning and Nuun between and the first. The use of this fril form is for muthawa’ah as well.
Example: (I gathered the camels together, so they gathered together).
28. TWENTY-EIGHTH CHAPTER
Second chapter: The same as the wazan is . The sign is that the fi’il maadhinya consists of six letters with the addition of Hamzah at the beginning and another letter of the second type of Laam at the end. The use of this form of fi’il is to increase the usual fril, because it says: when the hair of his skin stands up. And it is said when the hair of his skin stands up very much.
The five chapters are as follows
29. TWENTY-NINTH CHAPTER
First chapter: The same as the wazan is Wara. The sign is that the fi’il maadhinya consists of five letters with an extra Taa’ at the beginning and another letter of the Laam Fi’il type at the end. | The use of this form of fi’il is as a common fril.
30. THIRTIETH CHAPTER
Chapter two: . The same as the wazan is . The sign is that the fi’il maadhinya consists of five letters with the addition of Taa’ at the beginning and Waawu between and . The use of this fril form is as a common fi’il. Example: (Zaid wore socks).
31. THIRTY-FIRST CHAPTER
Chapter three: . The same as the wazan is . The sign is that the fi’il maadhinya consists of five letters with the addition of Taa’ at the beginning and Yaa’ between and The use of this form of fi’il is as a common fi’il. Example:
32. THIRTY-SECOND CHAPTER
Fourth chapter: The same as the wazin . of is . The sign is that the fril maadhinya consists of five letters with the addition of Taa’ at the beginning and Waawu between and The use of this form of fril is as a common fi’il. Example:
33. THIRTY-THIRD CHAPTER
Fifth chapter: The same as the wazan is . The sign is that the fi’il maadhinya consists of five letters with the addition of Taa’ at the beginning and Yaa’ at the end. The use of this form of fi’il is as a common fi’il.
Example: , i.e. lying on his back. The real classification in these fi’ils is with the addition of something other than Taa’, for example. The classification in these fi’ils is by repeating Baa’, while Taa’ is included in the meaning of muthawa’ah as well, because its ilhaag does not occur at the beginning of the word, but in the middle and end, as explained in Sharh al-Mufashshal. And two chapters for the one that equals
34. THIRTY-FOURTH CHAPTER
First chapter: What is the same as the wazannya is that the fi’il maadhinya consists of six letters with the addition of Hamzah at the beginning and Nun between and and another letter of the Laam type of the fi’il at the end. The use of this form of fi’il is to increase the usual fi’il, because it is said: when the chest protrudes out. And it is said: when his chest protrudes out and his back enters deeply.
35. THIRTY-FIFTH CHAPTER.
Second chapter: The same as the wazan is . The sign is that the fi’il maadhinya consists of six letters with the addition of Hamzah at the beginning and Nun between and at the end. The fi’il form is used for the common fi’il.
Example: Then, note that the finite fi’il in these chapters are Tsulatsi mujarrad saalim ( ).
Example: As for Tsulatsi mujarrad which is not saalim. Example:
Or Ruba’iy mujarrad saalim ( ). Example: AP
Or a Ruha’iy mujarrad that is not saalim. Example: ,
Or Tsulatsi mazid fihi saalim ( ). Example:
Or Tsulatsi mazid that is not saalim. Example:
Or Ruba’iy mazid fihi salim ( ). Example:
Or a Ruba’iy mazid who is not salim. Example:
This assortment is called:
An assortment of eight.
It should be noted that every fi’il has a valid one, which is one in which there is no illicit letter in place of the Faa’, Ain and Laam, such as a Waawu, Yaa’, Alif and Hamza, or tadh’if. Example: Or fi’il mu’tall, which has one of the letters of illat in place of Faa’. Example: and Or fi’il ajwaf, which has one of the illicit letters in place of its Ain. Example: and Or fi’il naaqish, which has one of the illicit letters in place of the Laam. Example: and
Or fi’il lafif, which is one in which there are two illicit letters. Lafifs are of two kinds: First: (Lafif maqrun), which is a fi’il in which there are two illicit letters instead of ‘Ain and Laam. Example: Second: (Lafif mafruq), which is a fi’il in which there are two illicit letters instead of Faa’ and Laam. Example:
Or mudha’af, which is one whose “Ain and Laam are of the same type. Example: . Originally. The Harakat of the first is removed, then inserted into the second. Jdgham is inserting one of two letters of the same type into another letter. There are three kinds of jdgham:
The first kind: Compulsory. This is when two letters of the same type are mutaharrik, or the first letter is sukun and the second letter is mutaharrik. Example:
The second kind: Permissible. It means that the first letter of two letters of the same type is mutaharrik and the second letter is sukun because of the sukun that is the harakat of the second. Example: . Originally. The harakat of the first daal is transferred to Miim, then the second daal is harakatized with fathah or dhommah or with kasroh, because the sukun is not original.
The third kind: Obstructed. This means that the first letter of two letters of the same type is mutaharrik and the second letter is sukun with the original sukun. Example: Or Mahmuz, which is a letter whose original letter is a hamzah. Example: and and . When the hamzah is a substitute for the Faa’, it is called Mahmuzul Faa’ ( ) and when it is a substitute for the ‘Ain it is called Mahmuzul “ain ( ). And when it replaces the laam, it is called Mahmuzul laam ( ).
These are called the seven kinds and are collected in this stanza.