FOREWORD

In the name of Allah, the Most Compassionate, the Most Merciful, there is no power or strength except that of Allah, the Most High, the Most Great.

Glory be to You, we have no knowledge except what You teach us, indeed You are the All-Knowing, the Wise.

Praise be to Allah, the One, the Mighty, the Glorious, the Forgiving, the Master of all affairs, the Determiner of destiny, the One Who inserts the day into the night and inserts the night into the day as a warning to those who have sight and reason.

Glory be to Him and Most High, the Great and Mighty King, Qadim and Azali and Eternal, the Ever-Living and the Ruler of all things, who has decreed upon His creatures temporal life, death and calamity, change from one state to another, movement from one place to another, He is the One in Whose eternity throughout the ages, even though circumstances come and go and ages come to an end.

I praise Him as He praises Himself and as His good sincere servants from among the angels who are brought near, the prophets and messengers and the righteous praise Him.

May peace and blessings be upon our servant and messenger Muhammad, the chosen one whom He sent as a mercy to the universe and the Seal of the Prophets, along with his good and holy family, his companions Muhajirin and Anshar, and those who follow in their footsteps until the Day of Judgment, when people will be divided into two groups, one in Paradise and the other in Hell.

Amma ba’du.

This is a blessed work, insha Allah, that we wrote with the intention of reflecting on the life of a human being and the changes that he undergoes from one phase to another, from the time he moves from the sulbi to the womb until he occupies one of the places of Paradise or Hell.

Allah swt has commanded His Messenger (peace be upon him) to warn and He characterized him as a warner, He made contemplation among the characteristics of the believers who always surrender, fear Him, conscience and he testifies. Allah swt says:

“And keep warning, for surely warning is beneficial for those who believe.” (Qs. Adz Dzariyaat: 55)

“So keep on warning, and you are not a weaver nor a madman because of the blessings of your Lord.” (Qs. Ath Thuur: 29)

“So warn, for warning is beneficial, and those who fear Allah will learn.” (QS. Al A’laa: 9-10)

“So warn them, for indeed you are only a warner. You have no authority over them.” (Qs. Al Ghashiyah: 21-22)

“And there is no learning except for those who return (to Allah).” (Qs. Ghafir/Mukmin: 13)

“Surely in that is a warning for those who have a heart or use their hearing, and they see it.” (QS. Qaaf: 37).

We have heard it narrated that when the words of Allah were revealed: “So turn away from them, and you will not be blameworthy.” (Qs. Adh Dhariyaat: 54) The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) was very sad, he feared that punishment was imminent and he despaired of guiding them, so after this verse Allah swt revealed His word: “And keep on warning, for surely warning is beneficial to those who believe.” (Qs. Adh Dhariyaat: 55).

This was due to the compassion for the entire universe that Allah swt instilled in him and his deep desire to advise them and for them to accept the guidance of the truth, because Allah’s purpose in sending him to them was as a bearer of mercy and He characterized him with this trait in His book: “Verily, there has come to you a messenger from among your own people, heavy with grief, desirous (of faith and salvation) for you, very merciful, and merciful to those who believe.” (Qs. Ath Taubah: 128).

The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) was grieved by their rejection of the truth, as mentioned in the words of Allah swt : “Then would you have killed yourselves for grief after they turned away, had they not believed in this testimony (the Qur’an)?” (Qs. Al Kahfi: 6)

Indeed, age is a period of time as Allah says: “Say: “If Allah had willed, I would not have recited it to you, nor would Allah have made it known to you. “Indeed, I have lived with you for some time before. So did you not think about it?” (Qs. Yunus: 16)

This age is forty years from the time of his birth until Allah swt sent him as an apostle at which time he lived with his people in the city of Mecca.

We think that it is better to divide this long human life which is far apart from each other into five lifetimes, and in each phase a person experiences various conditions that he does not experience in other phases, and in each phase he experiences different developments in what he knows and what he does not know, Allah swt says: “To replace you with those who are like you (in this world) and create you later (in the Hereafter) in a state that you do not know.” (Qs. Al Waaqi’ah: 61).

In fact, the age that he experiences is the same age, not the other, even though his circumstances are different and come and go, he has the same awareness and realizes that every good and bad event that happens to him is the same as the reward and punishment.

We had intended to write this book until we were sixty-three years old, which is the age of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) according to the saheeh narrations, but some say he was sixty years old and others say sixty-five.

That age has passed and now it has reached sixty-seven years and a few months, so we ask Allah swt for the goodness and blessing of life and a good end, we seek refuge with Allah swt from its ugliness, its trials and a bad end, indeed He is the best place of supplication and the noblest hope.

We invoke Him, the Most Holy, and ask Him strongly to keep us alive while life is better for us and to put us to death while death is better for us.

O Allah, do not put us to death to be tortured and do not put us to death to be tempted, O Allah, we ask You for the best life and the best death and the best time in between, we seek refuge with You from a bad life and a bad death and a bad time in between, revive us like the life of those who are happy, the life of those whom You are pleased with, kill us like the death of the martyrs and the death of those whom You are pleased with.

Close our age with a good ending in gentleness and safety as well as our loved ones and our lovers, those who are loyal to us for Your sake and all Muslims, O Most Merciful One, aameen.

We titled this book: “Sabilul Iddikar wal i’tibar bima yamurru bil insan waa yanqadhi lahu minal a’mar.”

We ask Allah Ta’alaa to spread its benefits evenly and make it sincere solely for the sake of Him, the Most Glorious, as an approach to His pleasure and to be with Him in Paradise thanks to His bounty and grace, mercy and glory, indeed He is the Most Gracious, the Most Glorious, the Most Kind, the Most Merciful.

This is the beginning of the subject of this book; it is only Allah Who gives help and ease, Who shows me the right way, and there is no guidance for me except with the help of Allah. Only to Allah do I put my trust and only to Him do I return, He is my Lord, there is no God but Him, only to Him do I surrender and only to Him do I repent.

Be aware that we have taken a brief look at the ages that mankind has experienced and we have found that it goes back to five phases, each of which has a limit and in each phase man undergoes a change of state, in which case everyone experiences differences as well as similarities in state.

First age: Since Allah created Adam (peace be upon him) and implanted on his back his offspring of the happy and the wretched, these offspring have continued to move from sulbi to womb from one womb to another until each one came out from his mother’s father.

Second age: From the time a human being comes out of his parents into this world until his death and exit from this world.

The third age: From the time man leaves the world because of death until Allah resurrects him with the blast of the trumpet and this period is called the Barzah period.

The fourth age: From the time people emerge from the grave or from whatever place Allah wills with the blowing of the trumpet for the day of resurrection until they are gathered before Allah to be weighed and accounted for as well as passing through the sirath, taking the book of deeds and other great events of the end of the world.

The fifth age: From the entry of man in Paradise for eternity and this is the age that has no limit or from the entry of the inhabitants of Hell in Hell.

They are the disbelievers, and they are the believers who disobey, either through intercession or in some other way, as we will explain in its place, which is the fifth age.

We will briefly explain each one of these ages according to the time and place without being too wordy or too brief that it is empty of the main benefits that raise questions and need to be explained, but there is no way to explain them in their entirety, as it would make for a very long and boring explanation.

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FIRST AGE: THE MYSTERY OF THE CREATION OF ADAM AS AND ALL HIS DESCENDANTS

Allah had taken these descendants out of Adam’s back after He had deposited them in it when He took them out together to make a covenant of pledging oneness and divinity, this event took place in the valley of Nu’man, which is a valley near the field of Arafat as Allah mentioned in His word: “And (Remember), when your Lord brought forth the sons of Adam from their foreskins, and Allah bore witness to their souls (saying) : “Am I not your Lord?” They said: “Yes (You are our Lord), we bear witness.” (We did so) so that on the Day of Resurrection you may not say: “We (the Children of Adam) were ignorant of this (the oneness of God).” (Qs. Al-A’raaf: 172)

It is stated in a narration: “When Allah swt took testimony over them (the sons and daughters of Adam (peace be upon him)), He wrote an inscription of this covenant and deposited it in the Hajar Aswad, this is the meaning of the words of the person who wants to kiss the Hajar Aswad when circumambulating the Ka’bah : “O Allah, we believe in You, fulfill Your promise and believe in Your book.”

There is no doubt that this shows that the seed of man at that time had a form, hearing and speech, but this form was on another level, not like the form when he came out into the world, because there are many levels, as the scholars know.

It has been narrated from the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him): “That he became a prophet while Adam (peace be upon him) was still between water and earth, between spirit and body, and he went down with Adam when he was brought down, and he went with Noah (peace be upon him) when he boarded the ship and also with Abraham (peace be upon him) when he was thrown in the fire of Namrud.”

This although applies in general to all descendants who at that time were in the sulbi of the prophets, but the form of the Prophet Muhammad in it is more perfect.

This he knew and the feeling of that time stayed with him until he appeared in this worldly world and this expression of his shows the superiority of him over other creatures because of the privileges that existed in him and that is why he reminded him of his privileges.

As for the other descendants, it can be said that they also still feel the feelings that existed at that time, especially at the time of the covenant, but it is not attached to their consciousness as it was attached to the Prophet. It is certain that these descendants were already on the back of Adam (peace be upon him) even when he (peace be upon him) was in Paradise: “Was it not the sin of your father Adam (peace be upon him) that took you out of Paradise?”

It is mentioned in the narration about the argument of Prophet Moses (peace be upon him) against Prophet Adam (peace be upon him): “You are the one who took mankind out of Paradise because of your sin.”

It is also narrated: “Verily, when Allah swt took mankind out of the ribs of Adam (peace be upon him), the angels (peace be upon them) saw that mankind had filled the plains and valleys, and the angels said: “O our Lord, the world will not be enough for them,” Allah said: “Indeed I have made for them death,” they said: “Then their lives will not be comfortable,” Allah said: “I have made for them wishful thinking.”

It is also narrated: “Verily, when Allah took the human beings out of the ribs of Adam (peace be upon him), he saw one of them with a handsome face, so he asked about him, and the answer was: “He is your son Dawud (peace be upon him),” Adam (peace be upon him) asked his Lord: “How many years have you prescribed for David?” God answered: “Sixty years,” he asked his Lord to give him an additional age, then God said: “This is what I have prescribed for him,” then Adam said: “I will add for him forty years to my age,” whereas Allah, the Almighty, had decreed Adam’s life to be one thousand years.”

When Prophet Moses (peace be upon him) saw in the Torah a people characterized by praiseworthy and noble qualities, he asked his Lord about them: “Who is this people? And who is their Prophet? And he asked that this people be made his people.

Allah swt replied: “That is the people of Ahmad (peace be upon him),” then he asked his Lord to reveal that people before him, and Allah was pleased to reveal them before him.”

This narration will be mentioned in full in the last section of this age, this narration is mentioned in one of the books of tafsir when the verse means: “And you were not near Mount Thuur when We called you (Moses), but (We made it known to you) as a mercy from your Lord.” (Qs. Qashash: 46).

So, it is clear from what we have explained and what we have not explained that people had a form before they came out into this world and that the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) in this regard had the most perfect form. This is what the Prophet’s uncle Al Abbas (peace be upon him) mentioned in a poem praising the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) among its contents:

Previously you lived comfortably in the shade and

in the stash when the sheets are still white

then you descended on this earth while you were not yet a human being

not yet a clot of flesh or a clot of blood

but still in the form of the germ that boarded Noah’s ship and had been

destroyed the idol of the vulture and drowned its worshippers.

You move from one sulbi to another womb

When one realm has passed, it is replaced by the next

Until the stanza:

Until it arrives in the best womb that carries you

The great khindif womb that words cannot measure.

Nasar is a statue of the people of Prophet Noah (peace be upon him), while Khindif is the wife of Ilyas bin Mudlar, the Prophet’s grandmother.

It is narrated that Adam (peace be upon him) heard the recitation of tasbeeh from the light of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) in the form of whistling in his sulbi like the whistling of a bird, when Eve was pregnant with Shith (peace be upon him) the light passed to Eve and then passed to Shith (peace be upon him), When Eve conceived Shith (peace be upon him) the light passed to Eve and then passed to Shith (peace be upon him), then it continued to pass to the pure sulbs and the noble wombs until the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) was born from his noble parents without being touched in the slightest by the filth and unclean acts of the Jahiliyyah period, which at that time people practiced invalid marriages but Allah swt purified him from this kind of thing, and as he said: “I was born of marriage and not born of adultery.”

It is mentioned in the tafseer regarding Allah’s words: “Who sees you when you stand up (for worship), and (also sees) the change of your movements among those who prostrate themselves.” (Qs. Shuaraa’: 218-219)

Ibn Abbas ra said: “That was the Prophet’s transfer from the breast of one prophet to the breast of another prophet, such as Ishmael, Abraham, Noah, Sheth, and Adam (peace be upon them).” There is no difference of opinion on this point.

As for his meeting with Prophet Adam (peace be upon him) in the heavens of the world during the night of Mi’raj, at that time he was in his age in the world while Prophet Adam was in Barzah.

As for the black shadows that he saw on the right and left sides of Adam (peace be upon him), when he asked about them it was said: “These are his descendants.” It is concluded that they are people who have passed away and the difference in their deeds appears, or it could mean something else.”

As for the meeting of Prophet Musa (peace be upon him) with Prophet Adam (peace be upon him) during his blasphemy, this could mean that they were both in the beyond, but it could also mean something else; only Allah knows the truth.

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This Age Cover

Wahab bin Munabih said: “When Musa (peace be upon him) read the tablets (of the Torah) he found in them the virtues of the Ummah of Muhammad (peace be upon him).

He asked: “O Lord, who are the people of Muhammad that I find on this tablet of the Torah?”

Allah swt replied: “They are Ahmad’s people, they are willing to accept the little sustenance I give them and I am willing to accept from them a little deed, I enter one of them into paradise only by testifying that there is no God but Allah.”

He said: “Verily, I have found in the tablets of the Torah a people who will be resurrected on the Day of Resurrection with their faces like the full moon; make them my people.”

Allah swt said: “They are the Ummah of Ahmad, and on the Day of Resurrection I will raise them up with their faces, necks and legs shining with the marks of ablution and prostration.”

He said: “O Lord, verily I find in the tablets of the Torah a people whose shawls are on their backs, their swords on their shoulders, they are people of trust and confidence, they say Takbir at the top of their places of worship, they strive with all earnestness until they will fight the Dajjal make them my people.”

Allah swt said: “They are Ahmad’s people.”

He said: “O Lord, verily I find in the tablets of the Torah a people who pray five times a day, five times a night, five times during the day, the doors of the heavens are opened for them and mercy descends upon them, make them my people.”

Allah swt replied: “They are Ahmad’s people.”

He said: “O Lord, indeed I find in the slab a people for whom the earth is a place of worship and purification, they are allowed to get the spoils of war, make them my people.”

Allah swt said: “They are Ahmad’s people.”

He said: “O Lord, verily I have found in the tablets of the Torah a people who perform pilgrimage for You in the Bayt al-Masjid, they do not find anything in that place, they weep bitterly and they make aliyah in unison, make them my people.”

Allah swt said: “They are Ahmad’s people.”

He asked: “Then what do you give them for this?”

Allah swt said: “I increase forgiveness for them and I give them intercession for those behind them.”

He said: “O Lord, verily I find in the tablets of the law a people who understand nothing, their dreams are few, they feed the riding animals, they ask forgiveness for their sins, one of them lifts a morsel of food to his mouth, it does not enter the stomach but he is forgiven, he begins by mentioning Your name and ends by praising You, make them my people.”

Allah swt said: “They are Ahmad’s people.”

He said: “O Lord, I find in the tablets of the Torah a people who will enter Paradise first on the Day of Resurrection while they were the last to be created; O Lord, make them my people.”

Allah swt said: “They are Ahmad’s people.”

He said: “O Lord, surely I find in the tablets of the Torah a people whose scriptures are in their hearts and they recite them; make them my people.”

Allah swt said: “They are Ahmad’s people.”

He said: “O Lord, verily I find in the tablets of the Torah a people, if one of them intends to do a good deed but is unable to do it, one good deed will be recorded for him, if he does it will be written tenfold to seven hundred times, make them my people.”

Allah swt said: “They are Ahmad’s people.”

He said: “O Lord, verily I find in the tablets of the law a people not one of whom intends to do evil but does not do it, so no sin is written for him and if he does it only one evil is written, make them my people.”

Allah swt said: “That is the Ummah of Ahmad.”

He said: “O Lord, indeed I find in the tablets of the Torah a people, they are the best of men, they enjoin the good and forbid the evil, make them my people.”

Allah swt said: “They are Ahmad’s people.”

He said: “O Lord, I have found in the tablets of the Torah a people, who will be raised up on the Day of Resurrection into three groups: one group will enter Paradise without reckoning, one group will be reckoned with an easy reckoning, and another group will be punished, then they will enter Paradise; make them my people.”

Allah swt: “They are Ahmad’s people.”

Musa (peace be upon him) said: “O Lord, You spread all this goodness for Ahmad and his Ummah, make me one of his Ummah.”

Allah swt said: “O Moses, indeed I have chosen you with My message and My word to mankind, so accept what I have given you and be of the grateful ones.”

Ibn Abbas said: “One day the Prophet asked his companions: “What do you think of this verse: “And you were not near Mount Thuur when We called (Moses), but (We made it known to you) as a mercy from your Lord.” (Qs. Qashash: 46)

They replied: “Allah and His Messenger know better.”

He said: “When Allah swt dialogued with Moses (peace be upon him), he asked: “O Lord, have You created a creature more honorable in Your sight than me? You have chosen me among men and You have spoken directly with me on the hill of Tursina.”

He replied: “O Moses, do you not know that Muhammad is more honorable in My sight than all My creatures, verily I have seen the hearts of My servants, I have not found a heart more humble than yours, therefore I chose you among men with My message and word, therefore you should die in a state of monotheism and love for Muhammad.”

Moses (peace be upon him) asked: “O Lord, is there any people more honorable in Your sight than my people, for You have given them the shade of a cloud and You have sent down birds to them?”

Allah swt replied: “O Moses, do you not know that the superiority of Muhammad’s people over other nations is like My superiority over all My creatures.”

Moses (peace be upon him) asked: “O Lord, can I see them?”

Allah swt replied: “You cannot see them, but if you want to hear their voices I will allow you.”

Moses said: “I really want it.”

Allah swt said: “O People of Muhammad,” they all answered in unison: “We fulfill your call O Allah,” while they were still in the bones of their ancestors.

Then Allah swt said: “My peace and blessings be upon you, My mercy has preceded My wrath, My forgiveness has preceded My punishment, indeed I have forgiven you before you ask Me for forgiveness, I have answered your prayers before you pray to Me and I have given you before you ask Me, whoever among you meets Me testifying that there is no God but Allah and Muhammad is the messenger of Allah, surely I will forgive his sins.”

Then Allah swt wanted to show me His bounty on that, Allah swt said: “And you were not near the mountain of Thur when We called (Moses), but (We made it known to you) as a mercy from your Lord.” (Qs. Qashash: 46)

It was concerning your people that We listened to Moses (peace be upon him) in their voices.

This was mentioned by Shaykh Al Arif Billah Abdul Aziz Ad Diraini ra in the book Taharatul qulub.

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SECOND AGE: THE MYSTERY OF BIRTH TO THE COMING OF DEATH

This is the middle of all the stages of the age and this is the point, this age is the period of taklif or the period of obligation to carry out the commands and prohibitions of Allah which results in reward and punishment, eternal pleasure in the sight of Allah or eternal punishment and away from Allah.

In this age there are many differences in humans in terms of the time that is determined to be long and short, therefore this age is the first step that resembles the realm of barzah in which there are some things related to the hereafter that show the point of comparison after the resurrection and also remain in it a little of the worldly affairs that were with humans before their death.

The beginning that we mentioned in this age is the period of pregnancy, because during this period a little bit of the worldly affairs that will appear to a person upon his emergence from his mother’s womb will appear, and the meaning of a person’s existence in the sulbis and wombs, which used to be subject to transmigration before he finally appeared in his mother’s womb through pregnancy, will be attached to him.

Allah swt has mentioned this I mean gestation as well as the process of change involved in it in more than one verse in the Qur’an, Allah swt says: “And indeed We have created man from a essence (of earth). Then We made that essence into semen (which is stored) in a firm place (the womb). Then We made the semen into a clot of blood, and the clot of blood into a lump of flesh, and the lump of flesh into bones, and the bones into wrappings of flesh. Then We made him into another creature. So Glory be to Allah, the Most Excellent Creator.” (Qs. Al Mukminuun: 12-14) Allah swt says: “O mankind, if you are in doubt about the resurrection (from the grave), then (know) that We have made you from earth, then from a drop of semen, then from a clot of blood, then from a clot of flesh, perfect and imperfect, so that We may make clear to you and establish in the womb what We will until the appointed time.” (Qs. Al Hajj: 5)

There are also many hadith narrations that mention this from the Prophet, among the most complete is the narration of Abdullah bin Mas’ud ra mentioned in Sahihain, he said: “The Messenger of Allah said to us, and he was a truthful and trustworthy man: “Verily, one of you is created in his mother’s womb as semen for forty days, then he becomes a clot of blood in the same amount of time, then he becomes a lump of flesh in the same amount of time, then Allah sends an angel to him, he blows the spirit into him, he is told to write down four provisions, write down his provision, his death, his deeds, his woe or happiness, for the sake of the One who has no God but Him, Indeed, one of you does the deeds of the people of Paradise until there is only a cubit between him and Paradise, then a provision comes out, then he does the deeds of the people of Hell and finally enters Hell, indeed, one of you does the deeds of the people of Hell until there is only a cubit between him and Hell, then a provision comes out, then he does the deeds of the people of Paradise and finally enters Paradise.” (HR. Bukhari Muslim)

The information in this saheeh hadeeth should make those who are obedient and do good more worried, especially those who are always doing bad things.

Then man will stay in his mother’s belly until the time Allah wills, he comes out of it either in the least time of gestation or the longest time or a relative time of nine months, when he has come out of his mother’s belly that is his first worldly age. Allah, the Almighty, has mentioned the beginning of this age in His Book and the movement of man from one phase to another, from one state to another: “Then We bring you forth as infants, then (gradually) you come to maturity, and among you are those who die, and among you are those who are prolonged to senility, so that they know nothing of what they once knew.” (Qs. Al Hajj: 5)

Another verse states: “Then (let you live again) until old age, and some of you will pass away before that, (we do so) that you may come to your appointed end and that you may understand.” (Qs. Ghafir/Mukmin: 67)

There are so many verses that mention this.

So, humans in this age move from childhood to adulthood through age or wet dreams, then become a young man, then become middle-aged to old age to old age until the time Allah wills as Allah mentioned in His book.

When a human being is born from the mother’s womb, he cries, this is due to the blow of the devil, which no one escapes from this blow except Isa ibn Maryam (peace be upon him) and his mother, this is because Allah has protected them from this blow through the statement of Maryam’s mother, Imran’s wife: “And I seek refuge for him and his descendants in You from the accursed shaitan. ” (Qs. Ali Imran: 36)

This is as described in the hadeeth. Indeed, the devil had come to stab him and he only hit the barrier.

One of the recommended Sunnahs is to say the adhan in the baby’s right ear, and the iqamah in his left ear, in order to remind him of the fitrah that Allah has created man in, which is tawhid.

The Prophet said: “Every baby is born in a state of fitrah (pure), it is his parents who make him a Jew, Christian or Majusi.”

Allah swt says: “So set your faces straight towards the Religion (of Allah) which has created man according to that fitrah.” (QS. Ar-Ruum: 30)

One of the things that parents are strongly encouraged to do is to protect their child from anything that might take him out of the boundaries of fitrah, and to do their best to educate him well, and to keep him away from bad sucklers, because milk can change character, as the hadeeth explains. They should instill in him the greatness of religion, the boundaries of Allah, the love of goodness, the love of doing it, and the love of good people, and they should encourage him to do so, and they should try to instill in him a hatred of evil, its deeds and its practitioners.

They should not instill in him the love of this world, its temptations, and his inclination to enjoy it, and they should not help him to achieve it, because this is a bad thing to do to him, and it will turn him away from the straight path.

They should tell him to pray and fast as much as they can when he is seven years old and beat him at the age of ten if he dares to neglect them, prevent him from associating with bad friends and negligent people whether he is a child or an adult, pay special attention to watching him, especially when he begins to distinguish, trying to guide him in good speech and behavior so that he grows up with good morals, trying to instill in him good habits so that when he grows up it will be easy for him to do it because his goodness has become a habit, most of the important tasks during this period are closely related to parents and caregivers.

It is also important to protect young children from children who are not of good company and good environment, as it has been said: “Much of the corruption in children’s behavior comes from their peers.”

Imam Hujatul Islam has mentioned in the chapter Riyadhatun Nafsi in his book Ihya’ a satisfactory explanation of how to train and apply good education to children. The period from birth to adulthood is a period of leniency from Allah; there is no compulsion for children to pray or fast and other religious commands except the command to parents to educate them about religious commands.

It is mentioned in the hadeeth: “The pen has been taken away from three people: a child until he reaches puberty, a sleeper until he wakes up and a madman until he regains consciousness.”

This is a blessing and relief from Allah. The good deeds done by a young child before reaching puberty will be recorded in the book of deeds of his Muslim parents.

If they educate him and take good care of him, then there is hope from the bounty of Allah swt He will not prevent both of them from being rewarded, the good deeds of his son after he grows up and even there is still hope from the bounty of Allah that both of them will get the same reward as his reward.

This is what is implied by the hadeeth about inviting others to goodness, and they have certainly invited their children to the right path so long as they fulfill their rights by giving them a good education, enjoining them to do good and forbidding them to do bad things. Wallahu a’lam.

When a child reaches puberty, he has become a mukallaf, that is, he is subject to the obligations of Allah through commands and prohibitions, promises and threats, rewards and punishments. Allah also told the two angels guarding him to write his good and bad deeds, one on his right side, writing the good deeds and the other on his left side, writing the bad deeds.

Allah swt says: “And there are angels for you who watch over your work, who are honorable (in the sight of Allah) and who record your work, and they know what you do.” (Qs. Al Infithaar: 10-12)

Allah swt says: “(That is) when two angels record his deeds, one sitting on the right and the other sitting on the left. He will not utter a word, but there will be an ever-present guardian angel near him.” (Qs. Qaaf: 17-18)

They have been commanded to watch over all his speech and behavior, both good and bad, during his lifetime until he dies, then they will be with him on the Day of Resurrection when he stands before Allah swt and both testify for him and also testify for his bad.

Allah swt says: “And there will come to each person, with him an angel, a herald and an angel of witness.” (Qs. Qaaf: 21)

A father or caregiver should remind his son of the knowledge of faith, commands and prohibitions when he reaches adulthood, if they taught him these things before he reached puberty, because he is now in a different phase and in a different situation.

Even though he has grown up and has become a person subject to the commandments of Allah swt, he still needs additional motivation and advice on the above matters from his parents as well as other obligations such as prayer, fasting, leaving haraam things such as adultery, sexual homo, drinking alcohol, seizing other people’s property by false means such as usury, stealing, betrayal and so on.

Even though these are things that a person who has reached puberty should know, if he did not know about them before puberty, then it is the duty of the parents to encourage him to learn about them and act upon them through advice, either by making them obligatory or by strongly encouraging him to do so, and this varies according to the circumstances of the parents and their children.

When a child reaches puberty, it means that he has entered the beginning of adolescence, where he is full of vigor and strength. It is fitting that at this age he should do more good deeds and avoid disobedience because he still has high spirits and physical strength that is still perfect and is still young, besides this age is a dangerous and worrying period because most young people at this age are more inclined to temporal worldly pleasures and laziness in doing good deeds.

It is rare to find teenagers who grow up in a state of istiqomah and obedience, who are enthusiastic about doing righteous deeds and abandoning ephemeral worldly pleasures.

Hence the hadith: “Your Lord is amazed at a young man who has no sins.”

In fact, the Prophet classifies youth who grow up in the sphere of worshiping Allah as one of the seven groups that Allah will shade in His shade on the day when there is no shade but His.

It is narrated that Allah swt said: “O one who gives up his pleasures for My sake, you are to Me like one of My angels.”

So, it is the duty of a young man to keep his youth away from actions that could lead him to the wrath of Allah and from His painful punishment, and he should also make his youth a ladder to reach the pleasure of Allah swt and His great reward.

He should follow the advice of the Prophet (peace be upon him) because he is the one who loves us more than ourselves, our fathers and mothers, he said: “Make use of five things before (the arrival of five things) : “Your youth before your old age, your health before your sickness, your leisure before your busyness, your wealth before your poverty, and your life before your death.” The Prophet said: “A servant will not step foot on the Day of Judgment until he is questioned about five things: About his age where did he spend it? What did he spend his youth on? And his wealth where did he get it and where did he spend it?”

Youth is a time for acquiring various kinds of virtues, sciences and gaining a high position in religion and so on, one poet alluded to this issue :

If a young man has reached the age of twenty and he has not achieved anything to be proud of, then he has nothing to be proud of.

Another poet said:

If you cannot be noble in your youth,

Then as long as you live you will have no glory,

Isn’t the brightest period of your life only in your youth,

Take from it merit and do not waste it.

The pious salaf who lived long lives in a state of worship and obedience to Allah, they encouraged the youth to utilize their youth : “Make use of your youth before you become like us today.” They meant that in their old and frail age they were unable to do many good deeds, whereas in their old age they had preceded the youth in racing towards the path of Allah and striving to obey Him.

Then a young person will move from youth to adulthood, this is the age when one matures and has reached perfect consciousness.

Ibn al-Jauzi has divided age into five parts:

1. Childhood until he reached the age of fifteen.
2. Adolescence (fifteen years old) until he reaches thirty-five years old.
3. Adulthood (age thirty-five) until he reaches the age of fifty.
4. The period of old age (fifty years old) until he reaches the age of seventy.
5. Old age (seventy years old) until the end of life.

Other scholars have divided the ages in the same way as he did or close to it.

After a person reaches the perfect intellect and sufficient age, it is only a matter of waiting for the arrival of wisdom and knowledge from Allah, as well as a sense of surrender to Allah for a servant who is given guidance and who always receives special attention from Allah, Allah swt says:

“And when Moses came of age and perfected his mind, We gave him wisdom (prophethood) and knowledge. And thus We reward those who do good.” (Qs. Al Qashash: 14)

“So that when he comes of age and reaches forty years of age he prays : “O my Lord, guide me to be grateful for Your blessings which You have bestowed upon me and upon my mother and father, and that I may do righteous deeds which You are pleased with.” (Qs. Al-Ahqaf: 15)

When the Prophet was only forty years old, Allah revealed to him and sent him to all people as a bearer of good news and a warner.

It can almost be summarized in this age of adulthood the signs of a person’s life path, good and bad, pious and corrupt with the signs that are dominant in him, even we heard that if a person has reached the age of forty years but his good can not exceed his bad, then the devil will rub his face and say: “I swear by my father, this face will not prosper.”

It is also said: “Whoever has reached the age of forty but his good does not outweigh his bad should prepare for hell.”

The age of forty was the age that Allah told him about: “And have We not prolonged your life in a period sufficient for thought for those who would think, and (have not) there come to you warners?” (Qs. Fathiir : 37)

This is according to one scholarly opinion, but another opinion states that it is sixty years, but the above opinion is more favorable.

Shaykh Al Arif Abdul Wahab bin Ahmad Ash Sha’rani mentioned in the book Bahrul Maurud: “We made a covenant when we were forty years old to fold up our sleeping mattresses (sleep less) except for a moment, so that we would not forget with every breath that we are travelers to the Hereafter so that there is no place for us to stand at all in this world, and so that we believe that a moment of our life after forty years of age is equal to a hundred years before, This is because after forty years the life span gets shorter and it is not appropriate for a person who is about to face the severity of death to be negligent, relaxed and playful.”

Imam Malik said: “We find a group of people who study fiqh until the age of forty, after reaching the age of forty they are so busy practicing their knowledge that there is no time left to look at worldly matters.”

When Imam Shafiii was forty years old he walked with a cane, when someone asked him about this he said: “So that I may remember that I am a traveler.” He also said: “By Allah, right now I feel myself to be like a bird that is confined in a cage, the other birds have come out of it flying in the air until it is left alone limping in the cage, so is my situation now, there is nothing left of my desire to stay in this world, I will not allow any of my friends to give me alms or mention anything about this world in my presence except what is required of me by sharee’ah, and the witness between me and him is Allah, if he dares to mention anything about this world other than what is required of me, I will say: “Sufficient is Allah as my helper, and may Allah make all my brothers and sisters likewise, amen.”

Wahab bin Munabih (ra) said: “I once read a book which said: “That every morning an angel calls out from the fourth heaven: “O people who are forty years old you are a crop that is approaching its harvest, O people who are fifty years old what have you done? And what have you left behind? O sixty year olds there is no more excuse for you, if all creatures were never created, if they were created and they knew what they were created for, the time has come, beware.”

Those who are mature will move into old age from fifty to seventy as mentioned by Ibn Jauzi. Allah swt says: “Then you were born as children, then you lived to old age, and some of you died before that, (We did this) so that you may come to your appointed death and that you may understand.” (Qs. Ghafir/Mukmin: 67)

At this age the signs of weakness begin to appear in humans and their strength decreases and retreats until the strength turns into weakness, this is the time mentioned by the Prophet as preparation for death, which is between sixty and seventy.

The Prophet said: “The harvest of my Ummah is between sixty and seventy.”

It was also at this age that the Prophet’s life was taken, he died at the age of sixty-three according to the correct narration as well as Abu Bakr, Umar and Ali ra.

Uthman ra lived to be over eighty years old.

Allah says: “And have We not prolonged your life in a period sufficient for thought for those who would think, and (have not) there come to you warners?” (Qs. Fathiir: 37)

Some are of the opinion that there are more than sixty years of age as we have mentioned earlier.

The warner is either the Qur’an or the messenger or gray hair, mentioned in the hadith: “Allah does not give any excuse to a person whom Allah has postponed his death until he reaches sixty years.”

Verily, this Ummah is one of the shortest-lived, whereas previous Ummahs have lasted a thousand years or close to it, and some even more than that.

A scholar said: “In the previous ummah, a person would not reach the age of puberty unless he was over eighty years old.”

It is even narrated that there was one person who died at the age of two hundred years while many people around him felt sorry for him because of his short life.

It is also narrated that Ibrahim (peace be upon him) underwent circumcision at the age of eighty, when Allah told him to do so.

It is narrated that when the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) felt how short his Ummah’s lifespan was compared to that of the previous nations, he pleaded with Allah for them because if their lifespan was short, their days would not be long enough to obey Allah and do good deeds for their Hereafter, and thus their share of Allah’s reward and high rank would be very small, So Allah gave them the night of Lailatul-Qadr, which is better than a thousand months, in exchange for prolonging their lives and multiplying their reward to the extent that if one of them obeyed Allah on that night, it would be as if he had worshiped for a thousand months, which is more than eighty years.

Whoever worships on the night of Lailatul-Qadr for twelve years as if he has lived in a state of worshipping Allah for a thousand years or more, try to think about the number, surely this is what Allah bestowed on this ummah thanks to His messenger, the magnitude of his glory in His sight, the magnitude of his concern for his people and the magnitude of his desire for his people to benefit.

At this age, namely old age, a person usually hopes more in Allah, pays more attention to his provision for the hereafter, lives zuhud more diligently worshiping, especially for people who have been given taufik by Allah, at this age is a time to increase khushu’, abandon futile actions and useless games.

Therefore, an elderly person who does the opposite of the above is considered to be in a bad state and has a bad personality.

It is mentioned in a saheeh hadeeth: “There are three groups on the Day of Resurrection, Allah will not speak to them, will not look at them, will not cleanse them, and they will be severely punished; among those mentioned by the Prophet (peace be upon him) is an old man who commits adultery.”

This is a heinous act for anyone, but it is even worse and more depraved when done by an elderly person, because usually people at this age fear Allah more and are more ashamed of Him.

At this age more and more gray hairs appear, which is the light of a Muslim as mentioned in the hadith: “Whoever has gray hair in the state of Islam, that hair will be a light for him.”

We have heard that the first to go gray was Prophet Ibrahim (peace be upon him), when he saw gray hair he asked: “O Lord, what is this?” His Lord replied: “It is a sign of authority,” He said: “O Lord, increase it for me.”

White hair is a reminder of one’s imminent death, a folding of the expanse of wishful thinking, a call for the nearness of departure and the speed of transfer, it is said: “White hair is a sign of imminent death and a repellent to wishful thinking.”

It is also said: “How bad it is to commit sin when the hair has turned gray.”

Ibn Nabata said: “Know that gray hair is a gap in life that cannot be patched and cannot be repaired by the age, it is the light that appears on the hair that will lead people to the place of the pile of bones, so do not burn the light of your gray hair with the fire of your sin.”

The Prophet said: “Allah ta’ala said: “By My glory and My majesty, the agreement between Me and My creatures is that I am ashamed if I torture My male and female servants who have reached old age in the state of Islam.” Then the Prophet wept and was asked: “What made you cry, O Messenger of Allah?” He replied: “I weep for a man of whom Allah is ashamed and he is not ashamed of Allah.”

Among the things that are recommended is to honor an elderly Muslim, the Prophet said: “Part of glorifying Allah is honoring an elderly Muslim, a bearer of the Qur’an who neither boasts nor shuns it, and a just Imam.”

The Prophet said: “Not among us is someone who does not respect the elder, love the younger, enjoin the good and forbid the evil.”

The Prophet said: “No young man honors an old man but when he is old Allah will make him honored.”

Imam Ghazali said: “This hadeeth implies the good news that his life will be prolonged along with its rewards.”

It is mustahabb to change the color of gray hair to yellow or red, it is haraam to change it to black except for a warrior in the cause of Allah to frighten the enemy.

Then one moves from old age to old age, which is between seventy years and the end of one’s life, as Ibnul Jauzi says, and one is still called an old person even if one passes that age and dies.

At this age, humans experience weakness in all their limbs and their senses as well as their strength.

Allah says: “After you become strong, you become weak and gray. He creates what He wills, and He is the All-Knowing, the All-Powerful.” (QS. Ar Ruum: 54)

Some of them are prolonged until they become senile. Allah says: “And there are those among you whom age is prolonged to the point of senility, so that he knows nothing of what he once knew.” (Qs. Al-Hajj: 5)

It is fear and loss of mind, and the Prophet sought refuge with Allah in his prayer from this state: “I seek refuge with You from long life that leads to senility.” And it is mentioned in another hadeeth that he also sought refuge from the evils of old age.

It says in the Book of Psalms: “He who is seventy years old will complain not of sickness.”

It was narrated that Hudhayfah ibn Yaman said: “The Companions asked: “O Messenger of Allah, how old are your people?” He (peace be upon him) replied: “In general, their age is between sixty years and seventy years.” They asked again: “O Messenger of Allah, who is seventy?” He (peace be upon him) replied: “Very few of my Ummah have reached the age of seventy. May Allah have mercy on the seventy-year-old and may Allah have mercy on the eighty-year-old.”

It is mentioned in a poem: If your disease is seventy, then there is no

Physician for your sickness but you die

A person who has gone on seventy pilgrimages

The place he came to is still close by

Also expressed: One who has reached the age of eighty years or more

It is no different from a child being cared for by a midwife

But there are still many wishes that he hopes for

Though wishful thinking for those who wish for it can happen or not

It is also said: He who lives a long life will have his strength removed by time.

He will be betrayed by his two trusts: his ears and his eyes.

It also says: The days come upon us one after another and indeed

We are led to the grave while our eyes are watching.

Nothing can bring back the youth that has gone by

And there is nothing that can remove the white hair on this head

It is also said: The pleasures of life are health and youth

When both have gone from a person it means that the pleasure is gone

When an elderly person says: “That’s enough,” how boring

This life, and indeed it is weakness that bores him

Once Ma’an bin Zaidah came to Al Makmun, Makmun asked him: “How are you doing in this old age? He replied: “I can fall just by tripping over camel dung and be tied up with just a hair,” he asked: “How are you in your food, drink and sleep? He replied: “When I am hungry I get angry and when I eat I get irritated, when I am in between awake.” He asked: “How are you with people I am sleepy and when I am on my bed I am a woman?” He replied: “With ugly women I do not desire them, while beautiful women do not desire me.” Makmun said: “Then it is not proper for someone like you to be considered young, double the reward for him and let him stay in his house, let the people visit him and do not let him visit anyone.” (Mentioned in the book of Rabial Abrar).

Know that a long life in worship of Allah is highly desirable and praiseworthy, the Prophet said: “The best of you are those who live long and do good deeds.”

The Prophet said: “Let none of you wish for death, if he is a good person may he gain more, if he is a sinner may he repent.”

But the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) had sought refuge with Allah from having his age prolonged to the lowly age of senility and confusion of mind as described above.

The best part of life is that it is blessed, and that one is guided to do righteous deeds as well as specific and general good.

Sometimes Allah blesses His chosen servants in their short lives to the extent that they do more good and benefit from it than others who live long lives.

For example, Imam Shafi’i died at the age of fifty-four, Imam Hujjatul Islam died at the age of fifty-five, Imam Al Qutub Sharif Abdullah bin Abu Bakr Al Idrus ba’alawy died at the age of fifty-four, Imam Nawawi died at the age of less than fifty, the righteous Al Imam Al Khalifah Umar bin Abdul Aziz died at the age of less than forty.

There were also many other Imams who were short-lived, but their goodness and blessings were spread by Allah throughout the country and to all special and general groups, all because of the grace of Allah that He gives to whomever He wills.

Muhammad’s Ummah is extremely blessed and has a position in the sight of Allah above all other nations, even though this Ummah as a whole is shorter than the previous nations mentioned above.

Furthermore, the end of this age is old age where most people fall ill until they die or there are also those who die without illness but it is rare, it is considered rare when compared to most people who die from illness.

Imam Hujatul Islam mentions in the book Ihya’ when discussing guarding oneself from long wishing and neglecting the nearness of death: “If you say: If you say: “Most deaths are caused by sickness and very few die suddenly,” know that death can occur suddenly, even if you do not die suddenly, sickness also comes suddenly, if you fall ill you cannot do good deeds which are provisions for the hereafter”.

It should be noted that shortening one’s horizon and remembering death is something that is highly recommended, while shortening one’s horizon and forgetting death is something that is hated, and a condemnation of this has been narrated. Allah says: “O you who believe, let not your wealth and your children distract you from remembering Allah. Whoever does so, they are the losers. And spend some of what We have given you before death comes to one of you; then he says: “My Lord, why have you not delayed my death until a time nearer, when I may give in charity and be among the righteous? And Allah will not delay any man when the time of his death comes. And Allah knows best what you do.” (Qs. Al Munafiquun: 9-11)

Allah says: “Has not the time come for those who believe, to submit their hearts to the remembrance of Allah and to the truth that has been revealed (to them), and let them not be like those before whom the Book was revealed, then a long period passed over them and their hearts became hardened. And most of them were wrongdoers.” (Qs. Al Hadiid: 16)

Allah says: “Say: “Verily, the death from which you flee will surely meet you, and then you will be returned to Allah, Who knows the unseen and the manifest, and He will tell you what you have done.” (Qs. Al Jumu’ah: 8)

The Prophet said: “Remember much of the destroyer of delicacy (death).

“The Prophet was once asked: “Will anyone else be resurrected with the martyrs’? He replied: “The one who remembers death twenty times a day and night.”

He was once asked: “Who are the most intelligent people among people? He replied: “They are the ones who remember death the most and prepare themselves best for it, they are the clever ones, they go away with glory in this world and the Hereafter.”

The Prophet said: “Death is the nearest thing to be awaited.”

If death is the most imminent supernatural matter awaiting its arrival, it is fitting that there should be careful preparation to welcome its arrival at any time that it is likely to come at that time, as well as in other circumstances and times, the likelihood that it will arrive at that time.

Imam Hujatul Islam says in Al Bidayah: “Know that death does not come at a certain time, under certain circumstances and at a certain age but it will come, so preparing for it is better than preparing for the world.”

Elsewhere in Bidayah he says: “Do not leave thinking about the imminence of death and the arrival of death that cuts off all wishful thinking, the arrival of this out of control and the onset of regret for lingering in the cradle of deception.”

Among the righteous salaf there are those who if it is said to them: “You will die tomorrow,” there would be no time left for him to add to his good deeds because he would be at the peak of doing good deeds and would be totally devoted to the Hereafter.”

One of the salaf said to some people who sought his advice: “Look, whatever you want death to come to you in that state, then practice it from now on and whatever you want death to come to you in that state, then leave it from now on.”

It is mentioned in the hadith: “Live in this world as if you were a stranger or a passer-by and count yourself among the dwellers of the grave.”

The Prophet said: “What I need from this world is actually an analogy between me and the world like a traveler who is traveling on a very hot day and he comes across a shady tree and takes shelter under it for a while, then leaves.”

Remembering death and feeling the nearness of death has many benefits, including making one zuhud in this world, being content to receive a small amount of sustenance, strengthening the righteous deeds that are provisions for the hereafter, keeping away from sin and encouraging him to repent to Allah immediately if he has committed it.

On the other hand, forgetting about death and procrastinating will result in things that are contrary to the above benefits, such as being more ambitious for worldly material things, more greedy to collect them, enjoying their pleasures, being deceived by their luxuries, delaying repentance and being lazy to do righteous deeds.

The righteous salaf said: “Whoever wishes for a long time has bad deeds.”

The Prophet said: “The first generation of this Ummah was saved because of its zuhud and firm conviction, while the last generation of this Ummah was destroyed because of its greed and longing.”

Ali kw said: “The things that I fear most for you are following your passions and longing for the hereafter, for following one’s passions prevents one from the right path and longing for the hereafter makes one forget the hereafter.”

There is no good wishful thinking that makes people forget about the Hereafter, it is this wishful thinking that the Prophet sought Allah’s protection from, the Prophet said: “I seek refuge with You from any wishful thinking that makes me negligent.”

Among the Prophet’s supplications: “I seek refuge with You from the world that prevents the good of the Hereafter, from life that prevents the good of death and from wishful thinking that prevents good deeds.”

If a person’s heart is overwhelmed by the feeling that he will live long in this world, he will naturally pay more attention to it, trying to accumulate it until he forgets about the Hereafter and taking provisions for the Hereafter until death takes him in such a state that he comes to Allah bankrupt from pious deeds and full of regret at a time when regret is not useful, he will say: “It would have been better if I had done (righteous deeds) in this life.” (Qs. Al Fajr: 24)

“He said: “O my Lord, bring me back to the world, that I may do righteous deeds for what I have left behind.” (QS. Al Mukminuun: 99-100)

If a person falls ill, he should immediately repent, make more istighfar and dhikr to Allah and ask Him for forgiveness for his past sins, because he does not know if he will die during this illness, or if death is approaching him, so that he ends his deeds and closes his age with various good deeds because deeds depend on the end.

Sickness is a reminder of the Hereafter and a reminder that one will return to Allah, so one should make a bequest of what he needs to bequeath regarding the interests of his worldly affairs, especially those related to the rights of others, because these matters are very serious and difficult to escape from.

When he is sick he should really think well of Allah, the Prophet said: “Let none of you die unless he has a good opinion of Allah.”

It is this feeling that should dominate his heart, for Allah says: “I depend on My servant’s prejudice against Me and I am with him when he mentions Me.”

Once the Prophet visited a young man who fell ill, he asked him: “How do you find yourself?” He replied: “I hope for my Lord’s mercy and I fear for my sins,” then he said: “Never do these two feelings come together in the heart of a Muslim at such a time but Allah will fulfill his hopes and secure him from whatever he fears.”

However, the sick person should be more hopeful, especially when the signs of death begin to appear and death is imminent, so that he dies in a state of prejudice against Allah, fully expecting His bounty and being happy to meet Him.

It is mentioned in the hadith: “Whoever likes to meet Allah, Allah likes to meet him and whoever does not like to meet Allah, Allah does not like to meet him.”

There is also a similar narration: “Verily, a Muslim servant, when his death comes, will be given glad tidings of Allah’s mercy and bounty so that he will be pleased to see Allah and Allah will be pleased to see him, and verily, a hypocrite, when his death comes, will be given tidings of Allah’s punishment so that he will hate to see Allah and Allah will hate to see him.”

The pious believers will be given glad tidings of Allah’s mercy when they are about to die to the extent that their souls almost fly from their bodies because they long for their Lord and are happy to meet Him when the angels greet them and inform them that they will enter Paradise nor will they experience fear or sadness.

Allah says: “(Those) whom the angels pass away in a good state, saying to them: “Salaamun’alaikum, enter Paradise for what you have done.” (Qs. An Nahl: 32)

Allah says: “Indeed those who say: “Our Lord is Allah.” Then they establish their stand, then angels will descend upon them (saying): “Fear not, nor be grieved; and rejoice in the paradise which Allah has promised you.

Until His words: As a dish (for you) from God, the Forgiving, the Merciful.” (Qs. Fushshilat: 30-32)

The sick person should be careful not to expose his body or clothes to any impurity that might prevent him from praying, and he should pray according to his situation, sitting or lying down as much as he can, lest his deeds be covered up by omitting the pillar of religion, which is prayer.

As for his family and friends who are around him, they should encourage and help him to pray.

He needs to know that the obligation of prayer will not fall on him as long as he is conscious and that he should read a lot: It has been narrated: “Whoever recites the prayer forty times and dies of the disease dies as a martyr.”

In addition, he should read Surah Al Ikhlas a lot.

One of the recitations mentioned by the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) is that whoever recites it when he is sick and dies from it will not be touched by Hellfire: When the sick person’s illness worsens and there are signs that death is approaching, what the family and relatives who are present around him should do if they see signs of fear in him is to remind him of his good deeds, the extent of Allah’s mercy, and the magnitude of Allah’s forgiveness for sinners and those who lack good deeds.

One of the things that is recommended is for them to recite laa ilaaha illallah, because the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “Recite laa ilaaha illallah to the one who is going to die among you, for whoever ends his speech with laa ilaaha illallah will enter Paradise.”

If he has read it, there is no need to remind him unless he speaks something else.

The blessed Surah Yasin should also be recited because the Prophet said: “Recite Surah Yasin for the one who is going to die among you.”

It is said: “This may facilitate the exit of the soul because death is very terrible and is sometimes made easy for some believers.”

Regarding the report that the angel of death said: “Indeed, I am very gentle with every believer.” Sometimes people who are dying when their lives are taken face all kinds of trials naudzu billah. Therefore, those present should recite a lot of Qur’an, reminding them of the hadiths that contain the hopes and stories of the righteous when they died.

In a narration it is mentioned that the devil is closest to a servant before his death because he wants to tempt him but : “Indeed, his dominion is only over those who take him as a leader and over those who associate partners with Allah.” (Qs. An Nahl: 100)

“Allah establishes (the faith) of those who believe with that firm speech in this life and in the Hereafter; and Allah misleads the wrongdoers and does what He wills.” (Qs. Ibrahim: 27)

The righteous salaf (peace be upon them) were very afraid of su’ul khatimah (bad end), their stories about this are many and would be long if they were mentioned, in fact there is a narration that makes them afraid, such as the words of the Prophet (peace be upon him): “By the One with Whom there is no God except Him, indeed one of you does the deeds of the people of Paradise until there is no distance between him and Paradise except an inch, but he is preceded by a decree (book), then he does the deeds of the people of Hell until he is admitted to Hell, indeed one of you does the deeds of the people of Hell until there is no distance between him and Hell except an inch, but he is preceded by a decree (book), then he does the deeds of the people of Paradise until he is admitted to Paradise.”

The Prophet said: “There are times when a person performs deeds of the people of Paradise that are visible to the people, while he is a resident of Hell, and there are times when a person performs deeds of the people of Hell that are visible to the people, while he is a resident of Paradise.”

There are many stories like this.

The scholars said: “The most feared (naudzu billah) to experience su’ul khatimah are those who disdain prayer, always drink alcohol, disobey their parents, people who like to disturb the Muslims as well as those who continue to commit major sins without repenting to Allah, this is explained by the words of Allah : “Then the consequence of those who do evil is a worse (punishment), because of them, because they deny the verses of Allah and they always mock at them.” (Qs. Ar Ruum: 10)

The Muslim should always hope for Allah’s bounty so that He does not deprive him of the blessings of Islam that He has given him first without his asking for them, and he fears that he may change because he is not grateful enough for this blessing, which is the greatest blessing of all.

One of the salaf once swore by the name of Allah that no one is safe from Islam being taken away from him except that he will be taken away.

He should always ask Allah with all sincerity to grant him khusnul khatimah.

It is narrated that the devil said: “Has cut my back someone who asked Allah for khusnul khatimah, I said : “When will he feel amazed at his deeds, I’m afraid he has been smart about it.”

O Allah, we ask You for the light of Your countenance, for the glory of Yourself, for khusnul khatimah at the time of death for us, our loved ones and all Muslims, O Most Merciful One.

Our Lord do not turn our hearts after You have guided us, grant us mercy from Your side indeed You are the Bestower, our Lord grant us patience and die with us in the state of Islam.

It is mustahabb to lay the dying person on his right side facing the qiblah, and if he is dead, one should close his eyes, because at that time his gaze is directed upwards, as mentioned in the hadeeth: “The gaze of the eyes follows the spirit.”

At that time, the people around him should make istighfar for him, ask for mercy for him and pray a lot because the angels agree with their prayers. As for crying, it is permissible, but being patient is better and preferable.

As for screaming, mentioning the characteristics of the deceased, sprinkling dirt on the head, slapping the face and tearing clothes, all of these are strictly forbidden based on the prohibitions and threats in the saheeh hadith reports.

It is haraam for a person to wish for death or pray for death only because of a calamity that has befallen him such as illness or poverty or other calamities, if he really fears a fitnah in his religion he may wish for death and sometimes this is recommended, the Prophet said: “None of you should wish for death because of a calamity that has befallen him, if that is the case he should pray : “O Allah, keep me alive as long as life is better for me and kill me when death is better for me.”

The Prophet said: “Let none of you covet you, if he is a good man may his goodness be increased, if he is a bad man may he repent.”

Indeed, death is a decree for all people, both special and general, in which Allah equalizes the strong and the weak, the lowly and the noble, with which He destroys the cruel, with which He destroys emperors and kings. He makes it the most precious gift and closeness for the believers and the pious, while for the disbelievers and hypocrites it is a regret and a severe punishment.

Glory be to the One Who is the Most Powerful, the Mighty, the One, always in His oneness and eternity, apart from death and destruction, He is the Beginning without beginning and the End without limit, Allah says: “All that is on the earth will perish. And there remains forever the Essence of your Lord, who has greatness and glory.” (Qs. Ar Rahman: 26-27)

“Every thing must perish, except Allah; for Him is all judgment, and to Him only are you returned.” (QS. Al Qhashash: 88)

“Every soul will taste death. And indeed it is on the Day of Resurrection that your reward will be completed. Whoever is kept away from Hell and admitted to Paradise, then indeed he has been fortunate. The life of the world is nothing but deceitful pleasures.” (QS. Ali Imran: 185)

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Anas said: “The Messenger of Allah said:

“A newborn child until he reaches puberty his good deeds will be recorded for his parents, if he does bad deeds no sin will be recorded for him or for his parents, when he reaches adulthood and obligations (taklif) have been written on him, Allah swt orders the two angels who are with him to always look after him and guide him, when he reaches forty years of age in a state of Islam Allah will protect him from three things : Madness, leprosy, and leprosy, when he is fifty years old Allah will lighten his reckoning, when he is sixty years old Allah will give him a sense of resignation to Him regarding whatever he likes, when he is seventy years old he will be loved by the inhabitants of the sky, when he is eighty years old Allah swt will write his good and forgive his bad, When he reaches the age of ninety, Allah will forgive his past and future sins and intercede for his family, and he will be a prisoner of Allah on earth; When he is returned to the age of senility, so that he does not know what he used to know, Allah will still record the reward of the good deeds he did during his health, and if he does something bad, no sin will be written on him.”

This hadith was mentioned by Shaykh Ahmad ibn ‘Ali ibn Abil Qasim Al Yamani in a collection of forty hadiths that he compiled concerning the forgiveness of past and future sins.

The Prophet said: “A person will die according to the way he lived and will be resurrected according to his death.”

The Prophet said: “When Allah wills good for a servant he will bathe him, he was asked : “What is the soap? He replied: “He gives him the knowledge to do good deeds before he dies.”

Once a corpse passed in front of the Prophet (peace be upon him) and he said: “Either he rests or he is rested, they asked : “O Messenger of Allah, what is resting and what is rested? He replied: “A believing servant rests from the hardships and miseries of this world to the mercy of Allah, while a wicked person, the people of this country, trees and animals rest from him.”

The Prophet once said to Abu Dzar ra : “O Abu Dzar, verily the world is a prison for the believer, the grave is his place of safety and heaven is his place of return, O Abu Dzar verily the world is a paradise for the disbeliever, the grave is his place of torment and hell is his place of return.”

Ibn Abbas said: “When you see the sign of death in a person give him the good news that he will meet his Lord in a state of prejudice towards Him, if he is still alive, then fear him.”

Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) said: “Verily, when a believer dies, the place of his prayer and the place of his deeds weep for him, then he recites the verse : “So the heavens and the earth do not fill them.” (Qs. Ad Dhukhaan: 29)

The Prophet said: “Whoever dies at the end of Ramadan will enter Paradise, whoever dies at the end of Arafat will enter Paradise, and whoever dies after giving charity will enter Paradise.”

The Prophet said: “Whoever dies on the night of Friday or the day of Friday will be protected from the punishment of the grave and on the Day of Resurrection he will come with the title of a martyr.”

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THIRD AGE: THE MYSTERY OF DEATH AND THE BEYOND

This is what is called Barzah.

Allah says: “And before them is a wall until the day they are resurrected.” (Qs. Al Mukminuun: 100)

When a Muslim servant dies and his death is confirmed, the steps that must be taken to prepare him for the grave are bathing, shrouding and praying for him, and this should be done in a manner that is in accordance with the Prophetic Sunnah.

He should announce his death to his family, relatives, neighbors, friends and righteous people so that they will pray for him, ask for mercy for him, witness and attend his funeral prayer.

It is mustahabb for the one who hears of the death of his fellow Muslim after saying: “Innalillahi wa inna ilaihi rajiuun,” to recite: “O Allah, make his record book in the Illiyin, record him in Your sight as a good person, compensate his family that he has left behind, forgive us and him O Lord of the universe.”

And it is mustahabb to pray for him and speak well of him, because the Prophet said: “Mention the good of the dead among you and do not speak of their bad.”

The Prophet said: “You are Allah’s witnesses on earth, so whoever you praise for his goodness, he is also.”

But it is not appropriate to give too much praise that may lead to lying and the like.

The barzah is a place between this world and the Hereafter, it is more similar to the Hereafter and is even part of it, but it is a place dominated by spirits and unseen affairs, while the body only follows the pattern of the spirit in the sense that it also feels what the spirit feels, whether it is pleasure and pleasure or punishment and distress.

The spirits will remain eternal while the body will be destroyed with nothing left but the spine and people on the day of resurrection will be composed of it as has been narrated in the hadith.

But in this case there is an exception, namely the bodies of the prophets (peace be upon them), indeed they remain alive in their graves as well as those who are martyred in the cause of Allah, Allah says: “Do not think that those who fall in the cause of Allah are dead; rather they are alive in the sight of their Lord with sustenance.” (QS. Ali Imran: 169)

It is mentioned in a saheeh narration that their souls are in the belly of a green bird traveling around in Paradise and living in the lamps hanging on the Throne.

It is also narrated that the spirits of the believers are in a white bird eating the fruits of Paradise.

Delivering the body of a Muslim, offering the funeral prayer and attending the funeral is very rewarding, as mentioned in a saheeh hadith: “Whoever carries the body of a Muslim until he is prayed for will be rewarded with one qirath, and if he stays with him until he attends his funeral, he will be rewarded with two qiraths, and one qirath is like the mountain of Uhud.”

It was also narrated: “Whoever delivers the body of his Muslim brother, Allah will send angels to deliver his body and pray for him when he dies.”

The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: In the grave pillar, it is mustahabb for the one who places it to recite: “In the name of Allah and based on the religion of the Messenger of Allah.”

Then those around the grave scatter the soil three times while reciting on the first scattering: “From it we created you.”

On the second sowing: “And into it we return you.”

On the third sowing: “And from it we bring you out once again.”

Then bury him with earth little by little with gentleness, when he has been leveled with the ground, then the people who are present should pause to recite the Qur’an, ask forgiveness for the deceased and pray for firmness for him because at that time he is being asked as described in the hadith narration, he is asked by the angels Munkar Nakir who are the examiners of a person in the grave, both of them question the corpse after he has been buried as narrated : “Who is your God, what is your religion, and who is your prophet?

Whoever is given a decree by Allah will say: “Allah is my Lord, Islam my religion and Muhammad my prophet.”

Whoever is misled by Allah will be confused and doubtful according to his deeds in this world which are full of doubts, misguidance, disobeying Allah’s commands and committing haraam deeds, until he can only answer: “Ha ha I did not know,” as mentioned by various saheeh hadith narrations and at that time the two angels will beat him, crush his grave and torment him.

As for a believer who is given firmness, who is straight in faith and obedience during his lifetime, then the two angels will give him good news, give breadth to his grave, fill it with light, enjoyment and he is surrounded by his good deeds such as prayer, charity, fasting, reading the Qur’an, his dhikr of Allah, these good deeds will protect him from fear and dread.

The Prophet said: “Indeed, the grave can crush, if someone could escape from it, Sa’d bin Mu’adz would have escaped, but it was because of his death that the Throne of Allah was shaken.”

 It said: “Verily, most of the punishments of the grave are due to three things: gossip (talking about others), namimah (dividing people), and lack of cleanliness in cleaning urine.”

It is mentioned in the hadith: “Most of the punishments of the grave are due to lack of cleanliness in cleaning urine.”

And the hadeeth about two men whom the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) heard being tortured in the grave, and he ordered a branch of dates to be placed over their graves, and he said: “May they be spared so long as these two branches are wet; indeed, they are being tortured for no major sin, one for backbiting and the other for not being clean from urine.”

This hadith is saheeh and well-known.

The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) used to ask for protection from the punishment of the grave and he recommended that it be recited in the supplication after the tashahhud of every prayer and in the morning and evening recitations because the punishment of the grave and its pleasure are real things.

The pleasure in the grave is for the believers and the obedient while the torment of the grave is for the disbelievers, hypocrites and sinners, each of these two groups varies in getting pleasure and torment according to the level of their deeds in the world, whether it is deeds that result in reward and pleasure or that result in punishment and torment.

Other than that, the pleasure of the grave or its punishment is felt more by the spirit than by the body, even though both the spirit and the body share the pleasure of the grave or its punishment.

There are problems and differences of opinion concerning this matter, but the correct view is the one that we have mentioned, which is that the soul and body both experience the blessings of the grave and its punishment, in sha Allah.

Among the things that Allah makes beneficial and a shield for a dead person in the grave is supplication for him, asking for forgiveness and giving charity for him, which has been narrated by many narrations as well as good dreams of the righteous.

It is mentioned in the hadith that Sa’d bin Ubadah (ra) asked the Messenger of Allah (saw): “My mother has passed away, and if she had lived she would have given charity, so would it benefit her if I gave charity to her?” He replied: “Yes.” Then he dug a well and said: “This is in charity for my mother.”

A man asked the Messenger of Allah: “O Messenger of Allah, my parents have passed away, is there anything that I can do to be dutiful to them?” He replied: “There are four things: asking forgiveness for them, keeping their promises, doing good to their friends and connecting with relatives who are not connected except through them.”

Narrated the Prophet: “Were it not for the living, woe to the dead.”

Because people who have passed away receive prayers, istighfar and requests for mercy for them from the living.

The Prophet said: “My Ummah is a blessed Ummah, entering the grave with sins as big as mountains and coming out of the grave while they have been forgiven thanks to the supplication of the living for the dead.”

It is narrated that gifts in the form of alms, recitation of prayers and recitation of the Qur’an from the living for the dead will be brought by the angels to them in containers of light covered by silk cloths, the angels saying to one of them: “This is the gift that so-and-so sent to you,” so that the deceased will be pleased and happy with this gift.”

We have heard that a man dreamt of seeing one of the deceased, he was asked about his condition and he replied: “I was greeted by an angel with the flames of hellfire to burn my face, then so-and-so who was still alive said : “May Allah have mercy on so-and-so,” until the fire was extinguished.”

The most blessed and beneficial gift for the dead is the recitation of the Qur’an for which they are rewarded.

This has been done by Muslims for centuries and in many places, and the scholars and righteous people of the salaf and khalaf have recommended it, and there are a number of hadeeths that mention it, but they are da’eef, as al-Hafidz Suyuti (may Allah have mercy on him) said that da’eef hadeeths may be used for the benefit of the practice, and this is one of those benefits.

Among the most beneficial Qur’anic recitation gifts for the dead (and indeed all surahs of the Qur’an are full of blessings) is the recitation of Surah Al Ikhlas eleven times, which has been proven through the blessed dreams of the salihin.

Therefore, one should recite this Surah in the amount mentioned above either every night or every day or more or less than that even on every Friday night and give the reward to his parents, teachers and those who are entitled to it.

Do not let him forget to pray, recite istighfar and give alms for the deceased until after he dies he will be forgotten by those after him and become like those before him, because those who remember will be remembered, and those who forget will be forgotten, good deeds are like debts and Allah will not waste the reward of those who do good.

It should be noted that pilgrimage to the grave is recommended, and the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) allowed it after he forbade it. Pilgrimage to the grave has many benefits for the living and the dead who are being pilgrimized.

The Prophet said: “Visit the grave because it reminds you of death.”

The Prophet said: “I used to forbid you to make pilgrimage to the grave, but now make pilgrimage to the grave, for it will induce a sense of zuhud in this world and remind you of the Hereafter.”

The Prophet said: “No one visits his brother’s grave and sits near it but he will be pleased with him and his soul will be restored to him until he rises from that place.”

The Prophet said: “The most pleasant thing for a dead person in his grave is when he is visited by people he loved during his time in this world.”

When a pilgrim enters a cemetery or passes by it, he should say: “Peace be upon you, place of the believers, in the future your promise will be fulfilled and we will follow you, you are our predecessors and we are your followers, I ask Allah for safety for us and you, O Allah forgive us and them.”

It is mustahabb to make the pilgrimage on Friday night and Friday after that, as well as on Saturday night until sunrise on Saturday morning, and also on Monday, because it is said: “The spirits of the dead return to their graves at this time.” And this has been mentioned by various narrations.

Those who visit the graves should recite more istighfar, prayers, ask for mercy and recite the Qur’an as much as they can, then give their reward to the graveyard masters, as well as take lessons from them and remember that they will soon be like them.

When he comes to the graves of his parents, relatives, and friends, he should stay for a while in their place and make many istighfar and supplications for them, because they are very happy and rejoice in this.

Likewise, if he visits the graves of pious people, he should increase his prayers there because among those who are pilgrimaged there are those whose prayers are answered by Allah when they are prayed at the grave, this has been proven so much that the residents of Baghdad named the grave of As Sayyid Al Imam Musa Al Kadzim ibnul Imam Ja’far Shadiq as an effective medicine (for granting prayers and relieving all difficulties) as well as the grave of Ma’ruf Al Karkhi which is also in Baghdad received the same title.

While among the Saadah Alaa Ba’alawy there are those who sit for a long time at the grave of Sayyidina Al Faqih Al Muqaddam in the hot sun until he is soaked in sweat that if he squeezed his shirt, sweat would come out, even though he does not feel hot because he is immersed in prayer, this story was told from Sheikh Abdullah bin Alwi and others.

With regard to wiping over graves and kissing them, it is not mustahabb, rather it is makrooh, and it is even more makrooh to circumambulate them.

Some scholars said: “If the pilgrim cannot stand in front of the face of the deceased, then it is better to stand in front of his head.” He said that the deceased feels the one who stands in front of his face more than the one who stands in front of his head or any other part of him.

Know that the deeds of the living will be reported to their families and relatives who have passed away, if they see good deeds they rejoice and wish the living to remain steadfast, if they see otherwise they become saddened by what they see and they wish the living to be given hidayat and taufik to do good deeds.

The Prophet said: “Verily your deeds are shown to your deceased relatives, if they are good they rejoice but if they are not, they say : “O Allah, do not kill them until You guide them as You have guided us.”

The Prophet said: “The deeds are reported to Allah every Monday and Thursday, reported to the prophets, their fathers and mothers every Friday, they rejoice with the good deeds of those (who are still alive) and their faces are more radiant and radiant, therefore fear Allah and do not harm the dead among you.”

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Know that people will gather in the Barzah during the period between the two blasts of the trumpet because at that time no creature will remain except those who did not die at that time, Allah says : “And when the trumpet is blown, whoever is in the heavens and the earth, except those who are Allah’s, will die.” (Qs. Az Zumar: 68)

This is the first blast that results in the death of all living things and nothing remains except Allah, the All-Living, the All-Sustaining, who will not die, this is the first apocalypse, then there will be a second apocalypse (blast) which results in all dead creatures coming back to life by Allah’s permission, as Allah says: “Then the trumpet is blown again, and suddenly they stand waiting (for their own verdict).” (Qs. Az Zumar: 68)

The period between these two blasts is forty years. As for those excluded by Allah and His words: “Except whom Allah wills.” (Qs. An Naml: 87)

The scholars of exegesis differed regarding them, with some saying: “They are angels.” Some say: “The prophets.” Some said: “The martyrs.” This opinion is the most reliable but there are others. The Prophet said: “The Dajjal will appear among my people for forty,” the narrator says: “I do not know exactly whether forty days or forty months or forty years,” then Allah will send Isa ibn Maryam (peace be upon him), who resembles Urwah ibn Mas’ud Ats Tsaqafi (may Allah be pleased with him), and he will seek him out and kill him.”

Then human beings will live for seven years without any enmity between each other.

Then Allah will send a cold wind from the direction of the Levant, until there is no one on earth who has in his heart even an atom of goodness, or faith, but the wind will take his life, so that if one of you enters the hole of the mountain it will come to him and take his life, then what is left is only evil people like the lightness of a bird and the cradle of a wild animal, they do not know good and do not deny evil, then Satan comes to them in human form, he says : “Will you not follow my call?” They asked: “Then what do you tell us?” He told them to worship idols and at that time their lives were at the peak of worldly pleasure.

Then the trumpet was blown, and those who heard it fell upon one another; the first to hear it was a man who was fixing his camel’s water bottle, and people fell upon him; then Allah sent rain like drops of water, and out of the drops grew the bodies of men.

Then the trumpet is blown again and they stand looking, then it is called out: “O people, hasten to your Lord. Hold them back; surely they will be questioned.”

Then it was said: “Take out of them those who will be inhabitants of hell,” it was asked: “From each group how many?” It was answered: “Take out nine hundred and ninety-nine out of every thousand people.” That is the day when small children turn gray and that is the day when calves are revealed.

The Prophet said: “The Day of Resurrection will not come upon the one who says: “There is no God but Allah.”

It is mentioned in another hadith: “Until there are wicked people left who cause chaos on earth like the chaos of a donkey, the Day of Resurrection will be upon them.”

The Prophet said: “On the Day of Resurrection, Allah will grasp the earth and fold the sky with His right hand and say: “I am the king, where are the kings of the world?!”

The Prophet said: “On the Day of Resurrection Allah will fold the heavens of the sky and take it with his right hand and say: “I am the king, where are the cruel ones? Which are the arrogant ones? Then He will fold the earth with His left hand and say: “I am the king, where are the cruel? Where are the proud?”

The Prophet said: “Islam will be worn out like the wearing out of a garment until it is not known what fasting, prayer, worship and charity are, then the book of Allah ta’ala will be lifted up overnight until not a single verse remains on this earth and only a group of people will remain among whom will be old men and women who say: “We found our fathers following this phrase laa ilaaha illallah, and now we can only say it.”

The Prophet said: “Verily, you will not witness the Day of Resurrection until you see ten signs: first the sun rises from the west, then the appearance of smoke, Dajjal, the appearance of Dabbah (a large animal), then three eclipses, an eclipse on the western horizon, an eclipse on the eastern horizon and an eclipse on the Arabian Peninsula, the appearance of Isa, the appearance of Ya’juj and Ma’juj, and finally the emanation of fire from Yemen from the valley of Aden.”

Know that the time of the Hour is a matter known only to Allah, and no one knows it except Him, as Allah says (interpretation of the meaning): “Verily, the knowledge of the Hour is with my Lord; no one can tell the time of its coming except Him.” (Qs. Al A’raaf: 187)

Allah says: “And with Him is the knowledge of the Last Day.” (Qs. Az-Zukruf: 85)

The knowledge of this creature is only related to the signs that indicate that the Hour is approaching, and these signs are many, as mentioned in the saheeh hadith reports; in fact, many of them have already appeared, and only the general signs will remain, such as the sun rising from the western horizon, the appearance of the deceased Dajjal, the animals of the earth, the descent of Jesus (peace be upon him) and the like.

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FOURTH AGE: THE MYSTERY OF THE DAY WHEN YOU ARE RESURRECTED FROM THE GRAVE AND WHETHER YOU GO TO HEAVEN OR HELL

Allah swt commanded Israfil (peace be upon him) to blow the trumpet a second time, Allah says: “And the trumpet was blown, and suddenly they came forth hastily from their graves (towards) their Lord.” (Qs. Yasiin: 51)

Allah says: “Then the trumpet was blown again, and suddenly they stood waiting (for their verdict).” (Qs. Az Zumar: 68)

“Those who disbelieve say that they will never be resurrected. Say: “Not so, by my Lord, indeed you will be resurrected, then it will be revealed to you what you have done.” That is easy for Allah.” (Qs. Ath Taghabun: 7)

“Allah did not create you (from the grave) but only like (creating and resurrecting) a single soul. Verily, Allah is All-Hearing, All-Seeing.” (Qs. Luqman: 28)

“And do they not see how Allah created (man) from the beginning, then repeated it (again). Surely that is easy for Allah. Say: “Walk on the earth, then see how Allah created man from the beginning, then He made him again. Indeed, Allah is in control of all things.” (Qs. Al Ankabut: 19-20)

“That is so, for verily Allah is the One who is righteous, and verily He is the One who gives life to the dead, and verily Allah is over all things, and verily the Day of Resurrection is certain to come, of which there is no doubt, and verily Allah raises all those in the grave.” (Qs. Al Hajj: 6-7)

“And it is one of the signs of His power that you see the earth dry and barren, but when We send down water on it, it moves and becomes fertile. Surely the Lord of life can bring the dead to life; surely He is over all things.” (Qs. Fushshilat: 39)

“And he made a parable for Us; and he forgot his creation; he said : “Who can bring to life bones that have been crushed?” Say: “He will be revived by the Lord who created him the first time. And He is All-Knowing of all creatures.” (Qs. Yasiin: 78-79)

It was narrated from Abu Razin Al ‘Uqaili ra said: “I asked: “O Messenger of Allah, how does Allah restore His creatures and what are the signs in His creatures?” He replied: “Have you ever passed by one of the hills in your village that was barren, then on another occasion you passed by it and it was covered with greenery? He replied: “Yes,” the Prophet said: “That is the sign of his creatures.”

Al Qurtubi (may Allah have mercy on him) mentions in his book At Tadzkirah a long hadeeth narrated by Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him): “The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said to us when we were with some of his companions.” He mentions this long hadeeth up to the words of Allaah: “Into the presence of Allah, the One, the Mighty.” (Qs. Ibrahim: 48)

“(That is) on the day (when) the earth is replaced by another earth and (likewise) the heavens.” (Qs. Ibrahim: 48)

Then Allah made it a vast flat earth, then extended it like a stretch of skin that you will not find any high or low ground.

Then Allah snapped at His creatures once and they were already on the earth replaced as they were when they died, whoever was in the belly of the earth remained in its belly and whoever was on its surface remained on its surface.

Then Allah sent down upon you water from under the Throne called Al Hayawan (life) the heavens rained upon you for forty days so that the water was above you about twelve cubits.

Then Allah ordered the bodies to grow and they grew like the growth of vegetable trees, after the completion of the growth of your bodies as before then Allah said : “Long live the carriers of the Throne.” They came back to life.

Then He said: “Long live Jibril, Mikail and Israfil,” then Allah told Israfil to take the trumpet, then Allah called the souls of His creatures, then the souls were led and the souls of the Muslims shone with light while the others were completely dark, then Allah took the souls and placed them in the trumpet.

Then he said to Israfil: “Blow for the resurrection.” He blew and the souls came out like bees that filled the heavens and the earth, then Allah said: “By My glory and majesty, each soul must return to its own body.” Then the souls entered the earth to their respective bodies through the sense of smell and then spread throughout the body like the flow of poison that spreads to a person who has been bitten by a snake.

Then the earth split over you and I (Rasoolullah saw) was the first to rise, then you came out of the earth in the form of thirty-three year old youths, at that time our tongues spoke Suryani, they came out immediately from their graves.

“(Toward) their Lord.” (Qs. Yasiin: 51)

“They came quickly to the caller. The disbelievers said: “This is a hard day.” (Qs. Al Qamar: 8)

“(That is) on the day when they will hear a cry with truth, that is the day of coming out (of the grave).” (Qs. Qaaf: 42)

“And We gathered all the people together, and We did not leave any of them behind.” (Qs. Al Kahfi: 47)

The trumpet: A large horn made of light that no one knows the greatness of except Allah swt.

It is mentioned in the hadith: “Verily, what is destroyed from man is his entire body except for one bone, the spine, from which the creature will be reconstructed.

“When Allah, the Almighty, wants to resurrect mankind, He sends the heavens to send down heavy rain like drops of man’s semen until mankind grows from where they were buried like the growth of plants, then Allah sends Israfil and tells him to blow the trumpet for resurrection, then the souls return to their respective bodies and they come back to life by Allah’s permission, they are resurrected and the earth is split for them, the graves are split, then the souls and bodies are gathered before Allah in the field of mauqif (a place) on the Day of Judgment.

Allah says: “And (remember) the day when We will move the mountains and you will see the earth flat, and We will gather all the people together, and We will not leave any of them behind. And they will be brought before your Lord in rows. Indeed, you are coming to Us, as We created you the first time; and you say that We will not fix for you a time of travel.” (Qs. Al Kahfi: 47-48)

Allah says: “(That is) on the day the earth is split open to reveal them (and they emerge) quickly. Such is an easy gathering for Us.” (Qs. Qaaf: 44)

The Prophet said: “A person will die according to the way he lived and he will be resurrected according to the state of his death.”

The Prophet said: “One day people will be resurrected barefoot, naked, unclothed, women mixed with men.” Aisha ra said: How bad it will be, looking at each other! The Prophet replied: “The situation at that time is more terrible for them than wanting that.”

The Prophet said: “One day people will be resurrected in the hungriest, thirstiest, naked and most miserable state, whoever feeds for the sake of Allah, Allah will give him food, whoever gives drink for the sake of Allah, Allah will give him drink, whoever clothes for the sake of Allah, Allah will give him clothes and whoever does for the sake of Allah, Allah will provide for him, when they have come out of their graves, they are ordered to walk to the place of assembly. It is said: “That it is the blessed and holy land of the Levant, then they are led by the angels to that place.”

It has been narrated that Allah swt will bring fire from the core of the earth of Aden, then the fire will lead people to the land of mahshar, some say: “The fire will emerge from Barhut, a valley in the lowlands of Hadramaut, and it will follow them and move with them, both in the evening and in the morning, and it will walk like a camel, at that time it will appear to people that good deeds will follow the doer and be with him to comfort him, but whoever has bad deeds will be frightened and reproached, it may be that the deeds will ride on him and force him to carry them, Allah says : “While they carry their sins on their backs. Remember, it is very bad what they carry.” (Qs. Al An’aam: 31)

Allah says: “And indeed they will bear their burdens (sins), and the burdens (sins of others) in addition to their own burdens, and indeed they will be asked on the Day of Resurrection about what they always made up.” (Qs. Al Ankabut: 13) And each person will come with his guardian angel who always records his deeds during his life in the world, Allah says: “And there will come to each person, with him an angel, a herald and an angel of witness.” (Qs. Qaaf: 21)

And it will appear to those who disobeyed the bad deeds they did in this world that when they die they have not repented to Allah for them.

It is even narrated that the usury eaters’ stomachs will be enlarged so that sometimes they get up and sometimes fall down because of the size of their stomachs, while the adulterers their genitals will be enlarged so that they drag them on the ground, while the drinkers of alcohol will be resurrected while carrying glasses of liquor in their hands, liars, people who like to talk about other people’s badness and fighters will have their tongues extended to their chests, as for those who are reluctant to give zakat, their wealth will be transformed into large snakes wrapped around them. Meanwhile, arrogant people will be resurrected like small ants that will be trampled by good and bad people, and many others.

Allah says: “The sinners are known by their signs, and their heads and feet are held.” (Qs. Ar Rahman: 41)

It is mentioned in the hadith: “Verily, people will be resurrected in three groups, some riding, some walking on their feet and on their faces.”

The Prophet said: “Those who run them on their feet can run them on their faces.”

It is narrated from the hadith of Muadz bin Jabal ra said: “I once asked: “O Messenger of Allah, what do you think of the words of Allah: “That is the day when the trumpet will be blown and you will come in groups.” (Qs. An Nabaa’: 18)

The Prophet replied: “O Muadz bin Jabal, indeed you have asked a very big matter, then he wept and said: “In the future, ten different groups will be raised up among my people, Allah has separated them from the Muslims, He has changed their form, some are in the form of apes, some are in the form of pigs, some are upside down their feet are on top and their faces are dragged on it, some are blind pacing, Some are deaf and dumb and do not understand anything, some have their tongues folded up to their chests, pus flows from their mouths and people are disgusted with them, some have their hands and feet cut off, some are crucified on the pillars of hell, some are more rotten than carrion and some wear clothes made of very hot tar (asphalt).

As for those who take the form of apes, they are women who like to complain, as for those who take the form of pigs, they are those who like to eat illicit goods and collect taxes, as for those whose heads and faces are upside down, they are usury eaters, as for those who are blind, they are unjust in giving legal rulings, as for those who are deaf and dumb, they are those who are amazed at their deeds, while those who fold their tongues are scholars and judges whose words contradict their deeds, Those who have their hands and feet cut off are those who harass their neighbors; those who are crucified on the pillars of hell are those who report others to the ruler; those who are more foul than carrion are those who enjoy worldly pleasures while they do not spend the right of Allah on their wealth; and those who wear asphalt clothes are the proud who boast.” This hadith was mentioned by Imam Qurtubi in Tadzkirah.

The Prophet said: “One day people will be resurrected on a brilliant white ground like the white of a clean egg with no mark for anyone in it.”

“One day men will be raised on an open plain, and the angels will call out to them, and nothing will escape their eyes.”

That is the place on the Day of Judgment when all creatures, including jinn, humans, devils, livestock and wild animals, will gather there, then the angels will descend to them at the command of Allah, the angels will surround them row by row until there is no escape for the wrongdoers, Allah says: “O congregation of jinn and men, if you are able to redeem (cross) the corners of the heavens and the earth, then cross them; you cannot cross them except by strength. (Qs. Ar Rahman: 33-35)

Until His words: “And the liquid copper, you cannot save yourself (from it).” (Qs. Ar Rahman: 35)

The people who were in that place were crowded into each other and the sun came within about a mile of their heads.

The narrator of this hadith said: “I do not know whether it means a mile of distance on earth or a mile in the sense of a tool used to put on kohl.”

It was then that mankind experienced hardship, heat and thirst of which none but Allah knew the severity; they sweated until their sweat seeped into the earth forty cubits long.

The Prophet said: “On the Day of Resurrection, the sun will approach the earth and people will sweat; some of them will sweat up to their ankles, some up to half of their calves, some up to their knees, some up to their thighs, some up to their waist, some up to their mouths (he gave an example by putting his hand over his mouth), some up to their heads (he wiped his hand over his head).”

The Prophet said: “On the Day of Judgment a person will be under the shade of his charity.”

The Prophet said: “There are seven people whom Allah will shade in His shade on the day when there will be no shade but His. A just ruler, a young man who grows up in the worship of Allah, a person whose heart is always attached to the mosque, two people who love each other for the sake of Allah, they come together for His sake and separate for His sake, a man seduced by a noble and beautiful woman, then he says : “I fear Allah”; a man who gives charity and hides it so that his left hand does not know what his right hand has given; a man who remembers Allah in solitude and his tears flow.”

Meaning in His shade: Under the shade of the Throne of Allah.

The Prophet said: “Whoever gives time to a person in difficulty or forgives him, Allah will cover him in His shade.”

The Prophet said: “Whoever wants to see the Day of Resurrection should recite : “Surah At-Takwir, Al-Infithar, Al-Inshiqaq”.

When the people of the Plain of Judgment dwelled there too long, and they were in great distress, they deliberated among themselves as to whom they would go to in order that he might intercede for them before God so that He might give them His decree and deliver them from this situation, they went to Adam (peace be upon him) but Adam refused and told them to go to Noah (peace be upon him), Noah refused and told them to go to Abraham (peace be upon him), Abraham (peace be upon him) did the same and told them to go to Moses (peace be upon him), Moses (peace be upon him) told them to go to Jesus (peace be upon him) and he (peace be upon him) told them to go to Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), it was then that the Prophet said: “I am the one who will intercede, I am the one who will intercede.” Then he went to Allah, asked permission, then prostrated and praised Him, he was ordered to raise his head and ask for intercession and he was interceded for.

The saheeh hadeeths concerning this are numerous and well known, and it is said: “That is the Maqamul Mahmud desired by the former and the latter, Allah says : “And in part of the night, pray tahajjud as an additional act of worship for you; may your Lord elevate you to a praiseworthy place.” (Qs. Al Israa’ : 79)

It has been narrated that the little children of the Muslims who died before reaching puberty were given permission to give their parents a drink, and they broke through the crowd to find their parents and give them a drink while people were at the peak of their thirst.

Until it is told: “That one of the righteous was determined not to marry, then he dreamed that he saw himself on the Day of Judgment, he experienced unimaginable thirst, then he saw little children holding glasses of water, they gave one drink and left the other, he asked for a drink from them but they replied: “We only give our parents a drink,” in the morning he immediately asked for marriage in the hope that Allah would give him a child who died young so that he would be among those who were given a drink in a place of great distress. We ask Allah for gentleness and salvation by His grace, aameen.”

All human beings in the Field of Mahshar really experience great difficulties, there is even a narration: “In the future, the disbelievers will say: “O Lord, deliver me even if I have to go to hell.”

When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) had interceded with his Lord to give His decision to the servants and free them from that situation, Allah ordered the angels who carry the great Throne to bring the Throne to the place of rest on the Day of Judgment, and bring Paradise, then place it on the right side of the Throne, and so that Hell (may Allah protect us from it) be brought to the left side of the Throne, then all creatures are brought before Allah to be reckoned with.

Some of them will not be judged, they are the first (sabiqun), some will be judged very easily, some will be judged very thoroughly and those who are judged in this way will be tortured, then people will receive the record book with their right hand, some with their left hand and some will receive it from behind their backs, then Allah will question the messengers about the delivery of the message to their people and He will also question the people: “Did the messengers convey the message to them?”

Allah says: “Then verily We will question those to whom messengers have been sent, and verily We will question (Our) messengers, then verily We will inform them (of what they have done), while (We) know (their state), and We are not far (from them).” (Qs. Al A’raaf: 6-7)

At that time some faces will be white and some will be black, Allah says: “On the Day when there will be white faces and black faces. As for those whose faces are gloomy (it will be said to them): “Why did you disbelieve after you believed? Therefore feel the punishment of your disbelief. As for those whose faces are white, they are in the mercy of Allah (Paradise); they will abide therein forever.” (Qs. Ali Imran: 106-107)

And no one but he will be brought before Allah to be asked about his deeds, the Prophet said: “None of you but Allah will speak to him directly without a spokesman between him and Him, he looks at his right hand he sees nothing but his deeds, looks at his left hand he sees nothing but his deeds, he looks forward he sees nothing but hell in front of him, so beware of hell even with half a date.”

The Prophet said: “The feet of a hmba will not move (on the Day of Judgment) unless he is asked about four things: What he spent his youth on, what he spent his life on, and what he earned from his wealth. And where he spent it. In a narration: “What did he use his knowledge for?”

In that place, their tongues, feet, hands, and skin will bear witness to their deeds. According to some commentaries, what is meant by skin is their genitals.

Allah says: “On the day when their tongues, hands and feet will bear witness against them as to what they used to do.” (Qs. An Nuur: 24)

Allah says: “On that Day We will shut their mouths, and their hands will speak to Us, and their feet will bear witness to what they used to do.” (Qs. Yasiin: 65)

Allah says: “And they said to their skins: “Why do you bear witness against us?” Their skins replied: “Allah, who made all things articulate, has made us articulate.” (Qs. Fushshilat: 21)

Likewise, the earth bears witness to their good and bad deeds, Allah says: “On that day the earth will tell its story.” (Qs. Al Zalzalah: 4)

The Prophet said: “Do you know what news he will bring?” He will testify to the deeds of every male and female servant above him, he will say: “He did this on this day.”

Ibn Umar ra said: “The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) said: “Allah will draw the believing servant close, then He will make known his sins, so that when he fears harm Allah will say to him: “I have covered them for you while in this world and now I forgive them for you.”

Indeed, the Day of Resurrection has been described as long and terrible, but sometimes Allah makes it easier for the righteous believer until its time is like the time of a person who performs the obligatory prayers, as mentioned in a narration: “Its duration is like the time between Dhuhr and ‘Asr.” This is what is mentioned in the hadith.

The most difficult place for people in Mahshar is when Allah ordered hell to be brought before Him, it was led by seventy thousand chains, each chain controlled by seventy thousand angels, when hell had approached the inhabitants of Mahshar, they heard its screeching and terrifying voice, that’s when the creatures walked on all fours, the prophets felt sorry for them, those who were safe from torment were also afraid until each apostle said: “O my Lord, save me, I ask You for nothing else.” With the exception of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), he continued to say: “My people, my people.”

It is narrated that: “The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) approached the Hellfire and blocked it from all creatures; indeed, the Hellfire was commanded to obey him, and it returned to the control of the angels who held its chains until they placed it according to the command of Allaah on the left side of the Throne of Allaah.”

Then hadeeth and justice were established even in cases between animals, as it is narrated: “That the horned goat was led to demand justice from the hornless goat.”

It is narrated that after the animals responded to each other Allah said to them: “Be you earth,” at which point the disbelievers said: “O that I were earth,” as mentioned in the Qur’anic verse.

Then the mizan was established to weigh all human deeds.

Allah says: “On the Day of Resurrection We will set up the exact scales, so that no one will be harmed in the least. And if it is even the weight of a mustard seed, We will surely bring its reward. And We are sufficient as a reckoner.” (Qs. Al Anbiyaa’ : 47)

Allah says: “The scales on that Day will be those of truth (justice), so whoever weighs the scales of good, they are the fortunate ones. And whoever’s scales of good are light, those are the ones who have harmed themselves, for they have always denied Our verses.” (Qs. Al A’raaf: 8-9)

The bad and the good are weighed, the one whose good deeds outweigh his bad deeds is fortunate and the one whose bad deeds outweigh his good deeds is a loser, the one whose good and bad deeds are balanced, some say: “He will be stopped on a high place between Paradise and Hell, then he will go to Paradise by the grace of Allah.”

It is narrated that there is an angel standing on the scales, when the scales of a servant become heavy he will exclaim: “Verily, Fulan bin Fulan has weighed heavily and he is happy without any distress forever.” When the scales of a servant are light he will exclaim: “Verily, so-and-so is light on the scales and he is wretched and will not be happy forever.”

As for the well-known hadith about a person who gets ninety-nine records of his sins, he belongs to this ummah.

It is narrated that it is sharper than a sword and thinner than a hair, people will pass through depending on their deeds, whoever is perfect in faith and always fast in doing obedience, his journey on the bridge will be light he passes through like lightning that strikes, some like the wind, some like birds, some like the running of a very strong camel, and some like a person running fast.

Some crawl, some are struck by the flames of hell and some fall into it.

The first to pass through it were the apostles, at which time each apostle said: “O Lord, save us, save us.” The first to pass through it among the messengers was Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and among the people was his people.

Then the trustworthiness and the friendship are sent, both of them stand around the bridge, on the bridge there are lubricants and chains like the thorns of the Sa’ plant and, it will pull whoever it is ordered to pull.

The believers will come to the lake of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), they drink from it until their thirst disappears, the water is whiter than milk, more fragrant than myrrh and sweeter than honey, in it there are two channels flowing from the river Kautsar, the length of the lake is as far as a month’s journey, as well as its width, around it there are kettles as many as the number of stars in the sky, whoever drinks a sip will not feel thirsty forever.

The scholars differed as to whether the location of the pool is after the bridge, or before entering Paradise, or whether it is located at the place of the scales and the bridge.

The Ummah of Muhammad (peace be upon him) will be recognized among other nations because their necks, arms and calves will glow from the water of ablution as the Prophet (peace be upon him) said.

There were some people who were expelled from the lake after the Prophet saw and recognized them, they were led to the left side, then the Prophet said : “Verily they are my friends,” it was said to him: “You do not know what they did after you.”

Then after that the prophets, the siddiqs, the scholars, the righteous and the believers were given permission to intercede in accordance with their position with Allah, until there was one person from this ummah who interceded for many people like the number of the rabbis and mudhar, some interceded for one person and some interceded for two people.

The first to be given permission to intercede was the Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, who said: “I am the first to intercede and the first to receive intercession.”

He is the prophet with the greatest intercession and the highest position with his Lord and he has many intercessions.

The first and greatest intercession is the intercession of the Prophet during the judgment, the Prophet said: “I continued to intercede until I was given a passage containing people who had actually been ordered to be put in hell.”

The Prophet said: “I continued to intercede until the angel Malik said to me: “You have not spared any of your Lord’s anger on your people.”

Among the Prophet’s intercessions: He interceded for a group of his people who had entered Hell so that they could get out of it and for a group of his people to increase their rank in Paradise as well as other forms of intercession, until he said to his Lord: “Allow me to intercede for anyone who says Laa ilaaha illallah,” Allah swt said: “Surely that is not your concern, but by My glory and greatness I will not make the one who believes in Me even for a day like the one who does not believe in Me.”

It is likely that the people referred to are those who are in the grasp of the Most Merciful from hellfire.

Abu Hurairah (ra) said: “I once asked: “O Messenger of Allah, who is the most fortunate man to have your intercession on the Day of Judgment?” The Prophet replied: “The most fortunate man to have my intercession is the one who says : “Laa ilaaha illallah,” sincerely from his heart.”

Zaid bin Arqam (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: “The Messenger of Allah said: “Whoever says laa ilaaha illallah sincerely will enter Paradise,” he said to himself: “O Messenger of Allah, what is the sign of sincerity?” He replied: “It prevents him from the things that Allah has forbidden.”

Anas said: “I once asked the Messenger of Allah to intercede for me on the Day of Judgment,” he said: “Inshallah I will do so,” I asked: “Then where should I look for you?” He said: “First look for me at the bridge (shirath),” I asked: “If I do not find you on the bridge?” He said: “Look for me at the weighing place,” I asked: “If I still do not find you at the weighing?” He (peace be upon him) said: “Then look for me at the pool; indeed, I will not depart from other than these three places.”

It is known that one of the hardest things to do on the Day of Judgment is to wrong others, because this is an act that Allah will not tolerate, as mentioned in the hadith: “There are three wrongs: The wrong that Allah will not forgive is polytheism, the wrong that Allah will not tolerate is a person wronging another person, and the wrong that Allah will not take notice of is a person wronging himself regarding his relationship with his Lord.”

The Prophet said: “Do you know who is a bankrupt person among my people? They (the companions) replied: “A bankrupt person among us is one who has neither money nor goods. The Prophet said: “The bankrupt among my Ummah is the one who will come on the Day of Resurrection with his prayers, alms, and fasting, but he has insulted this person, accused that person, eaten this person’s wealth, shed this person’s blood and has beaten that person, until his good deeds are given to those whom he wronged after the reward of his good deeds is exhausted and he has not repaid them all, then the sins of those whom he wronged are taken from him and imposed upon him and he is thrown into Hell.”

It is narrated that on the Day of Judgment, a person will be happy if he has a right, even if it is against his father or son, so that he can demand from them, even if it makes things difficult for them.

It says in the hadeeth: “Whoever has a debt owed by his brother should pay it off immediately before the day comes when neither dinars nor dirhams are of any use, only good and bad; if he has good deeds, they will be taken from him, if not, they will be taken from him and placed on top of his bad deeds, then he will be thrown into Hell.”

Then know that the Day of Resurrection is a very great day as Allah says: “Do they not think that they will be raised up on a great day, the day when men will stand before the Lord of the worlds?” (Qs. Al Muthafifin: 4-6)

On that day people will wait (be judged) for a very long time and face very severe trials.

Allah, the Almighty, has described in His Noble Book the terrifying circumstances of that day, and the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, has described them in his hadith, and the righteous salaf have described the circumstances of that day in accordance with what they received from Allah and His Messenger.

The scholars have collected in the books they wrote a lot of information about the conditions and the awesomeness of the Day of Judgment, for example: The book Ihya’ by Hujatul Islam Imam Ghazali, which discusses death and its aftermath, and another book by him entitled Ad Durrah Al Fakhirah Fii Kasyfi Uluumil Aakhirah.

The book of Ad Tadzkirah by Imam Qurtubi, the book of Syarah Shudur Fii Ahwalil Mauta Wal Kubur and the book of Al Budur Safirah Fii Ahwalil Akhirah by Imam Al Hafidz Suyuti.

We have dealt with the main points and the essence of what is required to be known by all of us. Whoever feels that this is enough for him, and whoever wants to expand his knowledge of this matter should read the books that we have mentioned above and other books that discuss it. May Allah guide and help him.

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This Age Cover

The Prophet said: “Whoever relieves a Muslim of one difficulty in this world, Allah will relieve him of one difficulty on the Day of Resurrection; whoever covers a Muslim, Allah will cover him in this world and the Hereafter.”

The Prophet said: “Every prophet has one supplication that is mustajab that he has prayed, indeed I have hidden my supplication as intercession for my people, this supplication will be obtained insha Allah by anyone who dies in a state of not associating partners with Allah with anything.”

The Prophet said: “If you want me to tell you about what Allah first says to the believers on the Day of Resurrection and what they first say to Him, the Companions said : “Well, O Messenger of Allah, may Allah send blessings and peace upon you,” Allah says to the believers: “Are you happy to meet Me?” They replied: “Yes, O our Lord,” Allah said: “What makes you so?” They replied: “The hope of Your forgiveness, mercy and pleasure,” Allah said: “Indeed I have decreed My mercy for you.”

The Prophet said: “When Allah created Paradise, He sent Gabriel to Paradise, saying: “Look at the paradise and what I have prepared in it,” Gabriel went to it and saw what Allah had prepared in it for its inhabitants. Then Gabriel returned to him and said: “By Your glory, no one who hears it will enter it,” then Allah told him that Paradise would be surrounded by unpleasant things, then He said: “Now go back there and see what I have prepared in it for its inhabitants,” Gabriel looked back at heaven and found it surrounded by unpleasant things, Gabriel returned to Allah and said: “By Your glory I fear that no one will enter it,” Allah said: “Go to hell and see in it what I have prepared for its inhabitants.” When he saw that hell contained various punishments, Gabriel returned to Him and said: “By Your glory no one who hears it will enter it,” then Allah ordered that hell be surrounded by pleasant things, He said: “Return to it,” after which Gabriel said: “By Your glory I fear that no one will be saved from it.”

The Prophet said: “On the Day of Resurrection, the inhabitants of the world will be brought in who have enjoyed their lives the most while they are among the inhabitants of hell, then they will put their fingers into the fire of hell, then they will be asked: “O son of Adam, have you ever seen goodness before this?” He will answer: “By Allah, no, O Lord.” And the one who had the hardest life in this world while he was a resident of Paradise was brought in, then his finger was inserted into Paradise, then he was asked: “O son of Adam, have you seen evil before? Did you ever feel hardship before this?” He replied: “By Allah, I never felt hardship or difficulty before this.”

It was narrated from ‘Aa’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) that she once remembered the fire of hell and cried, so the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) asked her: “What made you cry?” She replied: “I remembered the fire of hell so I cried, will you remember your family on the Day of Judgment?” The Prophet replied: “There are three places where no one will remember another person: at the weighing of the scales until he knows whether the scales are light or heavy, at the time of receiving the record of deeds when it is said: “Read the record of your deeds,” until he knows whether it was received on his right or left. Or behind his back, and on the bridge when he is on the back of Hellfire.”

The Prophet said: “When the people of Paradise have entered Paradise and the people of Hell have entered Hell, death is brought until it is placed between Paradise and Hell, then it is slaughtered, then a cry is heard: “O people of Paradise, there is no more death for you, O people of Hell there is no more death for you,” so that the people of Paradise will be more joyful while the people of Hell will be more sad.”

The Prophet said: “The inhabitants of Paradise are one hundred and twenty groups, of which eighty groups are from this Ummah and forty groups are from other nations.”

The Prophet said: “I have never seen anything like Paradise, where the one who seeks it forgets, nor anything like Hellfire, where the one who runs from it sleeps.”

The Prophet said: “Whoever fears will hurry, whoever hurries will soon reach the destination, know that the goods (grace) of Allah are very expensive, know that the gift of Allah is heaven.”

The Prophet said: “I am the first man to come out when men are raised (from the grave), I am their leader when men come, I am their speaker when they hear, I am their intercessor when they are held back, I am their giver of good news when they despair, in the future glory and victory will be in my hands, in the future the flag of Al Hamd will be in my hands, I am the noblest son of Adam in the sight of my Lord, a thousand helpers will be around me, they are like white pearls or strings of diamonds.”

May Allah send blessings and peace upon him and increase his grace and glory with Him.

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FIFTH AGE: THE MYSTERIES OF HEAVEN, HELL AND THEIR INHABITANTS

This age is the longest in absolute terms, it is the best and most pleasant age for the dwellers of Paradise, and the worst and most miserable age for the dwellers of Hell.

We begin the discussion of this age with a description of Hell and its inhabitants because the pious believers will pass through it before they enter Paradise.

Allah says: “And there is not one of you but goes to the Hellfire. It is for your Lord a fixed necessity. Then We will save the righteous and leave the wrongdoers in the Hellfire on their knees.” (Qs. Maryam: 71-72)

Allah says: “O you who believe, guard yourselves and your families against the fire of Hell, whose fuel is man and stone; its guardians are harsh angels, hardened, who do not disobey Allah in what He commands them and always do what is commanded.” (Qs. Ath Tahriim: 6)

Allah says: “I will put him into Saqar (hell). Do you know what Saqar is? It does not leave nor forsake.” (Qs. Al Muddatstsir: 26-28)

Allah says: “So, We warn you of a blazing Fire. None enter therein but the most wretched, who deny (the truth) and turn away (from faith).” (Qs. Al Lail: 14-16)

Allah said: “Never! Verily, he will indeed be thrown into the Huthamah. And do you know what the Huthamah is? (It is) a fire (provided) by Allah that is kindled, which (rises) up to the heart. Verily, the fire is sealed over them, (while they are) fastened to long poles.” (Qs. Al Humazah: 4-9)

Allah says: “Verily, We have prepared for the wrongdoers a hell, whose churning surrounds them. And if they ask for drink, they will be given water like boiling iron that scorches the face. That is the worst drink and the ugliest resting place.” (Qs. Al Kahfi: 29)

Allah says: “Verily, those who disbelieve in Our verses, We will put them in Hell. Whenever their skin is scorched, We will replace it with another skin, so that they may taste the torment. Verily, Allah is Mighty and Wise.” (Qs. An Nisaa’: 56)

Allah says: “And those who disbelieve, for them is the Hellfire. They are not destroyed until they die, nor is their torment alleviated from them. Thus do We recompense every one who disbelieves greatly. And they cry out in that hell: “O our Lord, bring us out, that we may do righteous deeds contrary to what we have done.” And have We not prolonged your life with sufficient time for thought for those who are willing to think, and (have not) there come to you warners?” (Qs. Fathiir: 36-37)

Allah says: “And whoever is light in the scales, then those are the ones who harm themselves, they are eternal in the hell of Jahannam. Their faces will be burned with fire, and they will be in Hell in a state of disfigurement.” (Qs. Al Mukminuun: 103-104)

Until the word of Allah: “Allah says: “Leave abjectly therein, and speak not with Me.” (Qs. Al Mukminuun: 108)

Allah says: “Verily, the sinners will remain in the torment of Hell. Their torment will not be alleviated from them, and they will despair therein.” (Qs. Al Zukruf: 74-75)

Until Allah says: “You will remain (in this hell).” (Qs. Al Zukruf: 77)

The verses that mention the state of Hell and its inhabitants are numerous, as are the hadith narrations from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) on this subject. We will mention just a few of them for your reflection.

The Prophet said: “This fire of yours is still one part of the seventy parts of Hell Jahannam,” the Companions said: “O Messenger of Allah, that is enough,” he said: “Verily, the fire of Hell is sixty-nine times hotter than your fire in this world.”

The Prophet said: “Hell Jahannam is ignited for a thousand years until it turns red, then it is ignited again for a thousand years until it turns white, then it is ignited for another thousand years until it becomes pitch black.”

The Prophet said: “Verily, the least tortured inhabitant of Hell is a person who has two sandals and two straps made of Hellfire, so that his brain boils with it like the boiling of food in a cauldron, so that he does not consider anyone more severe in torture than him, even though it is the lightest torture.”

The Prophet said: “Some of them will be burned by Hellfire up to their ankles, some by Hellfire up to their knees, some by Hellfire up to their waist and some by Hellfire up to their neck.”

The Prophet said: “O people, weep, if you cannot weep, then try to weep, verily the inhabitants of hell weep in hell until their tears flow down their faces like rivulets, until their tears are exhausted and then blood flows until their eyes fester which if boats were run on them they would run.”

The Prophet said: “The inhabitants of hell will be afflicted with hunger according to the punishment they have endured, they ask for help and are given help with food from thorny trees, which does not make fat and does not relieve hunger, they ask for more food, then they are given food that causes choking, they remember that in the world they relieve this choking with drink, they ask for a drink, raised before them boiling water with iron chains after approaching their faces the water scorches their faces, then after the water enters their stomachs, the water will cut their entrails, then they say : “Summon the guardians of the hell of Jahannam.” The guards said: “Have not the messengers come to you with information? They replied: “Yes,” the guards said: “Then pray and the prayer of the disbelievers will not be in vain,” the Prophet (peace be upon him) continued: “They said: “Call Malik,” then they said: “O Malik, let your Lord kill us,” Malik replied: “You will remain (in this hell).”

Al A’mas said: “It is narrated that between their appeal to Malik and his reply to them was a thousand years.”

Then he continued to say: “They said: “Invoke your Lord, there is nothing better for you than your Lord,” they said: “Our Lord, we have been overcome by our wickedness, and we are a misguided people. O our Lord, take us out of it (and return us to the world), then if we return (also to disbelief), surely we are the wrongdoers.” He continued: “Allah answered their cry: “Remain abjectly therein, and do not speak with Me.” He continued: “It was then that they completely despaired of any good and it was then that they cried out loudly, full of regret and feeling wretched.”

It has been narrated that in hell there are snakes like the hump of a khurasan camel and scorpions as big as Baghal (a horse and donkey) with saddles, one bite of which a person will feel the pain for forty years and if a bucket of cold water from hell is poured in the world it will make the whole world population rotten, and if a drop of Zaqqum oil were to drip on the earth, it would ruin the lives of the inhabitants of the earth, and if a resident of Hell were to come out to the earth, all the inhabitants of the earth would perish because of its foul odor and ugly shape.

Indeed, the gates of Hell are seven as Allah says: “Jahannam has seven doors. Each door (has been assigned) to a certain group from Hell.” (Qs. Al Hijr: 44)

And hell has seven levels arranged one after the other.

The first one: Jahannam, it is said: “It is reserved for the disobedient believers.”

Second: Saqar

Third: Ladza

Fourth: Al Hutamah

Fifth: Sa’ir

Sixth: Jahim

Seventh: Al Hawiyah, the lowest hell that has no bottom.

All of these seven levels of Hell are covered with painful torment, terrible punishment and destruction, although they vary in torment which each level is more painful than the one above it, may Allah protect all of us, our parents, our loved ones and all Muslims from Hellfire by His grace and mercy.

Know that the inhabitants of Hell are divided into two: the first group is the believers who disobeyed who entered it, this group does not stay forever in Hell but they will come out of it thanks to the intercession and mercy of Allah to some of them before the completion of the punishment and some after, they vary in levels.

It is narrated that the last believer to come out of Hell and the one who stays in it the longest will come out after seven thousand years, which is the age of the world according to the opinion that states it.

No one from the group of those who believe in Allah (muwahhid) will be in Hell, rather he will be expelled from it whoever has faith in his heart even as heavy as an atom seed as mentioned by the saheeh hadiths.

The second group of Hell-dwellers are those who disbelieve in Allah, the polytheists and hypocrites who show faith with their tongues and hide disbelief in their hearts.

Those who disbelieve in Allah are various, there are Jews, Christians, Magi and so on, they are all eternal in hell for eternity, Allah says : “Verily, those who disbelieve and die disbelieving, they have the curse of Allah, the angels and all mankind. They shall abide in that la’nat; no punishment shall be sought from them, nor shall they be given respite.” (Qs. Al Baqarah: 161-162)

Allah says: “Verily, Allah does not forgive the sin of associating partners with Him, and He forgives the sins other than polytheism for whom He wills.” (Qs. An Nisaa’: 116)

Allah says: “Verily, he who associates partners with Allah, Allah will surely forbid him Paradise, and his place will be Hell, and there will be no helper for the wrongdoers.” (Qs. Al Maidah: 72)

Allah says: “Verily, the hypocrites are (placed) at the lowest level of hell.” (Qs. An Nisaa’ : 145)

It has been narrated that the teeth of the disbelievers in Hell are like Mount Uhud and their skin is thickened by about forty-two cubits, and a disbeliever drags his tongue that is one farsah or two farsahs long (a distance of about 8 km) until it is stepped on by people, Allah enlarges the bodies of the disbelievers in Hell so that their punishment is doubled and their punishment is more painful.

Then when the disobedient believers had been expelled from the fire of Hell until none of them remained in it, its gates were closed to the disbelievers, Allah said: “Verily, the fire is shut upon them, (and they are) fastened to long poles.” (Qs. Al Humazah: 8-9)

Some of them are placed in an ark (chest) full of hellfire then locked in it, they continue to be so forever in the torment of Allah and His wrath without end, we ask Allah for salvation and die in a state of Islam, we seek refuge with Allah from the state experienced by the dwellers of hell.

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About Heaven and Its Pleasures and

The various kinds of glory that Allah has prepared for the inhabitants therein

Know that there are many verses and hadiths that mention Paradise, the number is infinite and cannot even be mentioned all of them, but we will mention them briefly as a matter of reflection and recognition, among them: Allah says: “And give glad tidings to those who believe and do good, that there are prepared for them Gardens in which rivers flow. Whenever they are provided with fruits in those heavens, they say: “This is what was once given to us.” (Qs. Al Baqarah: 25)

Until His words: “And they will remain therein.” (Qs. Al Baqarah: 25)

Allah says: “And those who fear their Lord are brought into Paradise in groups.” (Qs. Az Zumar: 73)

Until His words: “Praise be to Allah, Lord of the Worlds.” (Qs. Az Zumar: 75)

Allah says: “And for those who fear the time of facing their Lord there are two heavens.” (Qs. Ar Rahman: 46)

Until His words: “Great is the name of your Lord, Who has greatness and bounty.” (Qs. Ar Rahman: 78)

Allah says: “And those who first believed, they are the first (to enter Paradise). They will be in the paradise of keni’matan.”

Until His words: “(That is) a large group also of the later ones.” (Qs. Al Waqi’ah: 10-40)

Allah says: “Verily, those who do good drink from a cup whose mixture is the water of disbelief.”

Until His words: “And your efforts are rewarded.” (Qs. Al Insaan: 5-22)

Allah said: “Enter you into Paradise, you and your wives are delighted.

Until His words: “In Paradise there are abundant fruits for you, some of which you eat.” (Qs. Az Zukhruf: 70-73)

Allah says: “Verily, the pious are in safety.”

Until His words: “As a gift from your Lord, such is great fortune.” (Qs. Ad Dukhaan: 51-57)

Allah says: “What is the example of the Paradise promised to the pious, wherein are rivers of water unchanging in taste and odor, rivers of wine delicious to the drinker, and rivers of filtered honey, and therein all manner of fruits, and forgiveness from their Lord.” (Qs. Muhammad: 15)

Allah says: “(For them) Paradise ‘Adn they will enter therein, in which they will be adorned with bracelets of gold.”

Until His words: “In it we neither grow weary nor faint.” (Qs. Fathiir: 33-35)

Allah says: “And the Paradise is brought near to the pious in a place that is not far (from them).

Until His words: “And with Us there is more.” (Qs. Qaaf: 31-35)

Allah says: “Verily, those who put their trust in Allah will be in gardens and rivers, in a favorable place with the Lord of Power.” (Qs. Al Qamar: 54-55)

The Prophet said: “Allah says in a hadith Qudsi: “I have prepared for My righteous servants everything that no eye has seen, no ear has heard, and no human heart has thought of, if you wish to read: “No one knows what has been concealed for them, which is (a variety of) good things that gladden the sight of the eyes as a reward for what they have done.” (Qs. As Sajadah: 17)

The Prophet said: “Two paradises of silver and their plates and all their contents, two paradises of gold and their plates and all their contents, And there is no barrier between the inhabitants of Paradise Adn to see their Lord except Rida’ul Kibriya’ (the garment of Allah’s brilliance on his face).

The Prophet said: “Verily, there are a hundred levels in Paradise, and the distance between each level is like that between the heavens and the earth, and Paradise is the highest level of Paradise, from which emanate the four rivers of Paradise, on which the Throne of Allah rests, so if you ask Allah, ask Him for Paradise.”

The Prophet said: “The whip of a resident of Paradise is better than the whole world, if a woman resident of Paradise were to appear to the people of the earth, she would illuminate all corners of the world, and fill it with a sweet smell, the veil she wears on her head is better than the whole world.”

The Prophet said: “Verily, there is a tree in Paradise whose shade a rider would not be able to surpass in a hundred years, and an inch of the place of one of you in Paradise is better than the whole earth that the sun shines on or darkens.”

The Prophet said: “Verily, a believer in Paradise has a tent made of pearls, about sixty miles long, in each corner of which is a believer’s wife whom they cannot see each other, and the believer will surround them.”

Abu Hurairah ra said: “I once asked: “O Messenger of Allah, what is man made of?” He replied: “From water,” I asked again: “What are the buildings of Paradise made of?” The Prophet replied: “The bricks are made of gold and the bricks are made of silver while the glue is fragrant castor oil, the plants are pearls and yakut stones, and the soil is za’faran oil, whoever enters it will feel pleasure and will not be difficult, he will be eternal not temporary or dead, his clothes will not wear out and he will be young again forever.”

The Prophet said: “The first group to enter Paradise will have faces like the full moon, while the second group will have faces more beautiful than the morning star in the sky, and each man will have two wives, each wife will wear seventy garments from which her calves can be seen.”

The Prophet said: “The people of Paradise will enter Paradise young, clean, with their faces shining, their eyes sparkling and about thirty years old or thirty-three years old.”

One day he said to his companions: “Strive for Paradise, indeed Paradise has never crossed anyone’s mind, by the Lord of the Kaaba it is a shining light and a very fragrant fragrance, a solid palace, a flowing river, a lot of ripe fruit, beautiful and charming wives, a lot of clothes, an eternal place, in a happy life, in a high place, flawless and beautiful,” they said: “We will fight for him, O Messenger of Allah,” he said: “Say: “Inshallah.”

The Prophet said: “The date palm tree in Paradise has branches made of green emerald stone, its leaves are red gold, its fronds are the clothing of the people of Paradise, from it their clothes and their cloth, its fruit is like a bucket whiter than milk, sweeter than honey, smoother than butter and has no seeds.”

The Prophet said: “Verily, the people of Paradise eat and drink, do not spit, do not urinate, do not defecate and do not snot,” the Companions asked: “Then how is the food that he has eaten?” The Prophet replied: “It comes out as belching and sweat like drops of musk, they are inspired to recite tasbih, takdis and tahmid.” In another narration it is stated: “And takbir like they are inspired to breathe.”

The Prophet said: “Verily a man dwelling in Paradise is given the power of a hundred men in eating, drinking, intercourse and lust.”

The Prophet said: “An angel called out: “O people of Paradise, now is the time for you to live in health and not be sick forever, now is the time for you to live and not die forever, now is the time for you to stay young and not old forever, now is the time for you to have fun and not be in trouble forever.”

That’s what Allah says: “And call out to them: “This is the paradise bequeathed to you, because of what you used to do.”” (Qs. Al A’raaf: 43)

The Prophet was once asked: “What is Kautsar?” He replied: “That is the river that Allah gave me (in Paradise) it is whiter than milk, sweeter than honey in it there is a bird whose neck is like the neck of a camel,” Umar said: “It is very delicious,” the Prophet said: “The one who eats of it enjoys it more.”

The Prophet said: “Verily, in Paradise there are rooms where the outside can be seen from the inside, and the inside can be seen from the outside,” then an Arab got up and approached him and asked: “Who is it for, O Messenger of Allah?” He replied: “For those who speak well, give food, fast and pray at night when people are asleep.”

The Prophet said: “Verily Allah said to the inhabitants of Paradise: “O people of Paradise,” they replied: “We fulfill Your call O our Lord, and the good is in Your hands,” Allah asked: “Are you pleased?” They replied: “How can we not be pleased O Lord when You have given us a gift that You have not given to any creature,” He asked: “Shall I give you something better than that?” They asked: “O Lord, is there anything better than that?” He replied: “I am pleased with you and I will not be angry with you forever.”

It is narrated that the poor will enter heaven half a day before the rich, which is five hundred years earlier, the rivers in heaven flow without sticking to the ground, each resident of heaven is sixty cubits tall according to the height of their father Prophet Adam (peace be upon him), the lowest position in heaven is the one who is given like ten times the world and its contents, He has a thousand servants, seventy-two angel wives, he will enjoy the pleasure and glory that Allah has prepared for him for a thousand years, the base of every tree in heaven is made of gold, the doors of heaven are eight and the number of levels corresponds to the number of verses of the Qur’an, may Allah make us among its inhabitants thanks to His grace and mercy.

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This Age Cover

We end this book, inshallah, with a discussion of how the believers will see the face of their Lord in Paradise and an explanation of the vast mercy of Allah, the Most Merciful, the Most Gracious, the Most Noble.

Allah says: “For those who do good, there is the best reward (Paradise) and an addition to it.” (Qs. Yunus: 26)

It is mentioned in the tafseer of this verse that the best reward is Paradise and the additional reward is looking at Allah.

Allah says: “The faces (of the believers) on that Day will be radiant. It is to their Lord that they look.” (Qs. Al Qiyamah: 22-23)

The Prophet said: “When the people of Paradise enter Paradise, Allah swt asks: “Do you want anything that I have added to you?” They replied: “Have You not whitened our faces (pleased us)! Did You not admit us into Paradise and save us from Hell!” They replied: “Did You not make our faces white (pleasing to us)! He continued: “Then He removed the veil (barrier) so that nothing was given to them that they liked more than looking at their Lord swt.”

In another narration it is stated: “Then the Prophet recited: “For those who do good, there is the best reward (Paradise) and more.” (Qs. Yunus: 26)

It was narrated that Jabir bin Abdillah (ra) said: “When we were in the presence of the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) and we looked at the full moon, then he said: “Verily you will see your Lord with the naked eye as you see this moon, you have no doubt in seeing Him, if you are able to continue to pray before the rising of the sun and pray before the setting of the sun, then do it, then he said: “And praise your Lord before the rising of the sun and before its setting, and praise Him at the times of the night and at the times of the day, that you may be pleased.” (Qs. Thahaa: 130)

The two prayers mentioned in the verse above are the Fajr and ‘Asr prayers.

Abu Razin Al Uqaili reported: “I asked the Messenger of Allah: “O Messenger of Allah, will we all be able to see Allah with our eyes on the Day of Resurrection?” He replied: “Yes,” I asked: “Then what are the signs in His creatures?” He said: “O Abu Razin, will not each of you be able to see the full moon with the naked eye?” I replied: “Yes,” he said: “Then Allah is greater, indeed the full moon is one of Allah’s creatures.”

The Prophet said: “Verily, the inhabitants of Paradise, when they enter Paradise, will occupy it according to their deeds, then they are given permission to visit their Lord on a day like the day on earth, which is Friday, then His Throne appears to them, it appears before them in one of the gardens of Paradise, then pulpits of light are placed for them, pulpits of pearls, pulpits of yakut stone, pulpits of zabarjud stone, pulpits of gold and pulpits of silver, the lowest in rank (there is no low among them) will sit on chairs made of musk and lime, they do not consider those who sit on the chairs more noble seats than they.”

Abu Hurairah ra said: “I asked the Prophet : “O Messenger of Allah, can we see God?” He replied: “Yes, do you doubt when you see the sun and the moon?” We replied: “No,” he said: “Likewise, you will not doubt when you see your Lord and no one will be in that place but Allah will engage him in conversation, until He says to one of them: “O Fulan bin Fulan, do you remember on that day you said such and such,” He reminded the man of some of his sins in the world, the man said: “Will you not forgive me?” He said: “Yes, because of the extent of My forgiveness you have reached this position.” As they did so they were suddenly engulfed by a cloud from above, it poured out a rain of fragrance that they had never encountered such an odor, Allah said: “Rise up and go to the bounty that I have prepared for you, take as much as you like,” then they came to a market that had been surrounded by angels, a market that had never been seen by the eye before, never heard by the ear and never crossed the heart, at that time we will take what we like, there is no buying and selling in it, in that market the inhabitants of heaven meet each other.”

He (peace be upon him) continued: “There came a man of high position and met a man of lower rank, the man felt awkward looking at his clothes, not finished their conversation suddenly he has been given better clothes than him, it is nothing but because no one should be sad in it, then we returned to our homes and were greeted by our wives, they said : “Welcome, indeed you are more handsome than when you left us,” he said: “Indeed today we have sat with our Lord the Great, so surely we have changed as we return now.”

The best and greatest pleasure is to see the face of Allah the Glorious in a place of pleasure and glory.

May Allah be pleased to bestow that grace on us, our parents, our loved ones and all Muslims by His mercy and grace, indeed He is the Most Merciful.

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History of the Extent of Allah’s Mercy

God says:

“And My mercy covers all things.” (Qs. Al A’raaf: 156)

“Tell My servants that I am indeed the Most Forgiving, the Most Merciful.” (Qs. Al Hijr: 49)

“When those who believe in Our verses come to you, say : “Salaamun-alaikum.” Your Lord has established upon Himself compassion.” (Qs. Al An’aam: 54)

“Say: “O My servants who transgress against themselves, do not despair of the mercy of Allah. Verily, Allah forgives the sins of all. Indeed, He is the Most Forgiving, the Most Merciful.” (Qs. Az Zumar: 53)

“And whoever does evil and wrongs himself, and seeks forgiveness from Allah, surely he will find Allah Forgiving, Merciful.” (Qs. An Nisaa’: 110)

The Prophet said: “Verily, Allah has one hundred mercies, He sends down from it one mercy that is shared by humans, jinn, birds, livestock, and wild animals, with this mercy they love each other, and He keeps ninety-nine of His mercies that He uses to bless His servants on the Day of Resurrection.”

It is narrated that on the Day of Judgment, Allah will bring out a writing from under the Throne that reads: “Verily My mercy has preceded My wrath and I am the Most Merciful.”

So there were brought out of hell a number of the inhabitants of Paradise.

The Prophet said: “On the Day of Resurrection Allah will appear before us smiling, saying: “Rejoice, O Muslims, there is not one of you but I have replaced his place in hell with a Jew or a Christian.”

The Prophet said: “Verily Allah has more affection for His believing servant than a mother has for her child.”

The Prophet said: “On the Day of Resurrection, Allah will grant forgiveness so that the devil stretches his neck in the hope that he will get it.”

That is, on the Day of Resurrection. The cursed devil will not receive Allah’s forgiveness at all because he is among those who despair of Allah’s forgiveness and mercy, and he is the leader of the polytheists.

Whereas Allah says: “Verily, Allah does not forgive the sin of associating partners with Him, and He forgives sins other than polytheism for whom He wills.” (Qs. An Nisaa’: 116)

The Prophet said: “Whoever testifies that there is no God but Allah and that Muhammad is the messenger of Allah will be forbidden by Allah from Hellfire.”

The Prophet said: “On the Day of Resurrection a voice will call out from beneath the Throne: “O people of Muhammad, as for your wrongs against Me I have forgiven, all that remains is the problems that occurred between you, so you should forgive each other and enter into my paradise on account of My mercy.”

This is the end of our discussion in this blessed paper, Insha Allah, blessings come from Allah, all virtues and goodness are in the hands of Allah, all affairs belong to Allah, and there is no power or strength except that of Allah, the Most High, the Most Great, enough is Allah to be our helper and Allah is the best protector.

O our Lord, accept from us (our deeds) surely You are the All-Hearing, the All-Knowing, and accept our repentance surely You are the All-Receiving, the Most Merciful.

O our Lord, do not make our hearts incline to misguidance after You have guided us, and grant us mercy from Your side, for surely You are the Bestower of bounty.

O our Lord, grant us patience and pass away in a state of submission (to You).

May Allah send blessings upon our Lord Muhammad, His servant and messenger, who was entrusted with receiving His revelation.

Along with his good and pure family, his guiding and well-guided companions, and the followers of their footsteps until the Day of Judgment, as well as we include with them and in them by Your mercy, O Most Merciful One.

Alhamdulillah, the writing of this book has been completed with the help and guidance of Allah.

Completed on Sunday morning, 29th Sha’ban, 1110 AH, may Allah bestow the most beautiful blessings and peace upon the Sahibul Hijrah, the Prophet.

Praise be to God, the Lord of the universe.

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